Research Article
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The Frequency and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Pharmacy Workers

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 513 - 521, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121
https://izlik.org/JA42RG62SP

Abstract

Objective: To contribute to the literature by investigating the frequency of low back pain in pharmacy worker and its relationship with personal, occupational and psychosocial risk factors affecting low back pain.
Method: A total of 200 individuals (124 female , 76 male) working in pharmacies participated in this study. A questionnaire consisting of four separate sections created by the evaluator was applied. In the first part of the questionnaire; age, gender, in the second part; occupational risk factors, in the third part; psychosocial risk factors, in the fourth part; the characteristic of low back pain. Occupational life, income status, workplace satisfaction and pain level of participants was evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale.
Results: One hundred twenty-six individuals stated that they experienced low back pain. Low back pain in female was found to be 68.5% and 53.9% in male. Thirty-one people who were satisfied with their income status stated that they did not experience low back pain in 41.9%, whereas the income satisfaction of people with low back pain was 15.9%. Family history was the most effective risk factor for the presence of low back pain.
Conclusion: In order to decrease the incidence rate of low back pain, necessary regulation should be made, postural alignment, regulation of working conditions and preventive rehabilitation should be expanded.

References

  • 1. Erdine, S. (2007). Ağrı mekanizmaları (Pain mechanisms). Klinik Gelişim Dergisi, 20(3), 7-17.
  • 2. Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., Croft, P. R., Nachemson, A. L., Buchbinder, R., Walker, B. F., et al. (2008). Consensus approach toward the standardization of back pain definitions for use in prevalence studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(1), 95–103.
  • 3. Henschke, N., Maher, C. G., Refshauge, K. M., Herbert, R. D., Cumming, R. G., Bleasel, J., et al. (2009). Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. Arthritis Rheumatol, 60(10), 3072-3080.
  • 4. McBeth, J. & Jones, K. (2007). Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 21(3), 403-425.
  • 5. Terzi, R. & Altın, F. (2015). The prevalence of low back pain in hospital staff and its relationship with chronic fatigue syndrome and occupational factors. Agri, 27(3), 149–154.
  • 6. Esen, E. S. & Toprak, D. (2018). Bel ağrısı sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of the frequency of low back pain and related factors). Ankara Med J, 4, 460-469.
  • 7. Akarırmak, Ü. (2002). Baş, boyun, bel ağrıları (Head, neck, low back pain). Siva A. & Hancı M. (Eds). Bel ağrılarının tedavisinde fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yöntemleri (Physical therapy and rehabilitation methods in the treatment of low back pain). (ss.181-189). Türkiye: Kaya Basım.
  • 8. Weinstein, S. M., Herring, S. A. & Standaert, C. J. (2004). Low back pain. Delisa J. A. et al (eds). In: Physical medicine and rehabilitation: Principles and practices. (ss.670-674). Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • 9. Patel, S., Friede, T., Froud, R., Evans, D. W. & Underwood, M. (2013). Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of clinical prediction rules for physical therapy in low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 38(9), 762–769.
  • 10. Kutsal, Y. G., İnanıcı, F., Oğuz K. K., Alanay, A. & Palaoğlu, S. (2008). Bel ağrıları (Low back pains). Hacettepe Tıp Dergisi, 39(4), 180–193.
  • 11. Govindu, N. K. & Babski-Reeves, K. (2014). Effects of personal, psychosocial and occupational factors on low back pain. Int J Ind Ergon, 44(2), 335–341.
  • 12. Tan, J. C., Parnianpour, M., Nordin, M., Hofer, H. & Willems, B. (1993). Isometric maximal and submaximal trunk extension at different flexed positions in standing, Triaxial torque output and EMG. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 18(16), 2480–2490.
  • 13. Eryavuz, M. & Akkan, A. (2003). Fabrika çalışanlarında bel ağrısı risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of low back pain risk factors in factory workers). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 49(5), 3-12.
  • 14. Karahan, A., Kav, S., Abbasoglu, A. & Dogan, N. (2009). Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff. J Adv Nurs, 65(3), 516–524.
  • 15. Bejia, I., Younes, M., Jamila, H. B., Khalfallah, T., Salem, K. B., Touzi, M., et al. (2005). Prevalence and factors associated to low back pain among hospital staff. Joint Bone Spine, 72(3), 254–259.
  • 16. Bos, E., Krol, B., Van der Star, L. & Groothoff, J. (2007). Risk factors and musculoskeletal complaints in non-specialized nurses, IC nurses, operation room nurses, and X-ray technologists. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 80(3), 198–206.
  • 17. Mendelek, F., Kheir, R. B., Caby, I., Thevenon, A. & Pelayo, P. (2011). On the quantitative relationships between individual/occupational risk factors and low back pain prevalence using nonparametric approaches. Joint Bone Spine, 78(6), 619–624.
  • 18. Landry, M. D., Raman, S. R., Sulway, C., Golightly, Y. M. & Hamdan, E. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among health care providers in a Kuwait hospital. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(5), 539–545.
  • 19. Alnaami, İ., Awadalla, N. J., Alkhairy, M., Alburidy, S., Alqarni, A., Algarni, A., et. al. (2019). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among health care workers in southwestern Saudi Arabia. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 20(1), 56.
  • 20. Violante, F. S., Fiori, M., Fiorentini, C., Risi, A., Garagnani, G., Bonfiglioli, R., et al. (2004). Associations of psychosocial and individual factors with three different categories of back disorder among nursing staff. J Occup Health, 46(2), 100‐108.
  • 21. Yokota, J., Fukutani, N., Nin, K., Yamanaka, H., Yasuda, M., Tashiro, Y., et.al. (2019). Association of low back pain with presenteeism in hospital nursing staff. J Occup Health, 61(3), 219–226.
  • 22. Arasan F., Gün K., Terzibaşıoğlu A. M. & Sarıdoğan M. (2009) Bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı görülme sıklığının belirlenmesi. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Dergisi,40(4),136–43.
  • 23. Yılmaz E. & Özkan S. (2008) Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması. Türk Fiz. Tıp Rehab. Derg,54(1),8–12.
  • 24. Manchikanti, L. (2000). Epidemiology of low back pain. Pain Physician, 3(2), 167-192.
  • 25. Yılmaz, E. & Özkan, S. (2008). Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması (Determination of the frequency of low back pain in nurses working in the hospital). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 54(1), 8–12.
  • 26. Ouédraogo, D. D., Ouédraogo, V., Ouédraogo, L. T., Kinda, M., Tiéno, H., Zoungrana, E. I. et al. (2010). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among hospital staff in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Med Trop (Mars), 70(3), 277–280.
  • 27. Reisbord, L. S. & Greenland, S. (1985). Factors associated with self-reported back-pain prevalence: a population-based study. J Chronic Dis, 38(8), 691-702.
  • 28. Şimşek, Ş., Yağcı, N. & Şenol, H. (2017). Prevalence of and risk factors for low back pain among healthcare workers in Denizli. Agri, 29(2), 71–78.
  • 29. Goldberg, M. S., Scott, S. C. & Mayo, N. E. (2000). A Review of the association between cigarette smoking and the development of nonspecific back pain and related outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(8), 995–1014.
  • 30. Macfarlane, G. J., Pallewatte, N., Paudyal, P., Blyth, F. M., Coggon, D., Crombez, G., et.al. (2009). Evaluation of work-related psychosocial factors and regional musculoskeletal pain: results from a EULAR Task Force. Ann Rheum Dis, 68(6), 885-891.
  • 31. Tucer, B., Yalcin, B. M., Ozturk, A., Mazicioğlu, M. M., Yılmaz, Y. & Kaya, M. (2009). Risk factors for low back pain and its relation with pain related disability and depression in a Turkish sample. Turk Neurosurg, 19(4), 327–332.

Eczane Çalışanlarında Bel Ağrısının Sıklığı ve Risk Faktörleri

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 513 - 521, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121
https://izlik.org/JA42RG62SP

Abstract

Amaç: Eczane çalışanlarında bel ağrısı sıklığı ve bel ağrısını etkileyen kişisel, mesleki ve psikososyal risk faktörleri ile ilişkisini araştırarak literatüre katkıda bulunmak.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya eczanelerde çalışan toplam 200 birey (124 kadın, 76 erkek) katılmıştır. Değerlendirici tarafından oluşturulan dört ayrı bölümden oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anketin ilk bölümünde; yaş, cinsiyet, ikinci bölümde; mesleki risk faktörleri, üçüncü bölümde; psikososyal risk faktörleri dördüncü bölümde; bel ağrısının özelliği yer almıştır. Katılımcıların mesleki yaşamı, gelir durumu, işyeri memnuniyeti ve ağrı düzeyi Görsel Analog Skala ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yüz yirmi altı birey bel ağrısı yaşadığını belirtmiştir. Bel ağrısı kadınlarda %68.5, erkeklerde %53.9 olarak bulunmuştur. Gelir durumundan memnun olan 31 kişinin %41.9'u bel ağrısı yaşamadığını belirtirken, bel ağrısı olan kişilerin gelir memnuniyetleri ise %15.9'dur. Aile öyküsü bel ağrısı varlığı için en etkili risk faktörüydü.
Sonuç: Bel ağrısı görülme oranını azaltmak için gerekli düzenlemeler yapılmalı, postüral uyum, çalışma koşullarının düzenlenmesi ve koruyucu rehabilitasyon yaygınlaştırılmalıdır.

References

  • 1. Erdine, S. (2007). Ağrı mekanizmaları (Pain mechanisms). Klinik Gelişim Dergisi, 20(3), 7-17.
  • 2. Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., Croft, P. R., Nachemson, A. L., Buchbinder, R., Walker, B. F., et al. (2008). Consensus approach toward the standardization of back pain definitions for use in prevalence studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(1), 95–103.
  • 3. Henschke, N., Maher, C. G., Refshauge, K. M., Herbert, R. D., Cumming, R. G., Bleasel, J., et al. (2009). Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. Arthritis Rheumatol, 60(10), 3072-3080.
  • 4. McBeth, J. & Jones, K. (2007). Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 21(3), 403-425.
  • 5. Terzi, R. & Altın, F. (2015). The prevalence of low back pain in hospital staff and its relationship with chronic fatigue syndrome and occupational factors. Agri, 27(3), 149–154.
  • 6. Esen, E. S. & Toprak, D. (2018). Bel ağrısı sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of the frequency of low back pain and related factors). Ankara Med J, 4, 460-469.
  • 7. Akarırmak, Ü. (2002). Baş, boyun, bel ağrıları (Head, neck, low back pain). Siva A. & Hancı M. (Eds). Bel ağrılarının tedavisinde fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yöntemleri (Physical therapy and rehabilitation methods in the treatment of low back pain). (ss.181-189). Türkiye: Kaya Basım.
  • 8. Weinstein, S. M., Herring, S. A. & Standaert, C. J. (2004). Low back pain. Delisa J. A. et al (eds). In: Physical medicine and rehabilitation: Principles and practices. (ss.670-674). Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • 9. Patel, S., Friede, T., Froud, R., Evans, D. W. & Underwood, M. (2013). Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of clinical prediction rules for physical therapy in low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 38(9), 762–769.
  • 10. Kutsal, Y. G., İnanıcı, F., Oğuz K. K., Alanay, A. & Palaoğlu, S. (2008). Bel ağrıları (Low back pains). Hacettepe Tıp Dergisi, 39(4), 180–193.
  • 11. Govindu, N. K. & Babski-Reeves, K. (2014). Effects of personal, psychosocial and occupational factors on low back pain. Int J Ind Ergon, 44(2), 335–341.
  • 12. Tan, J. C., Parnianpour, M., Nordin, M., Hofer, H. & Willems, B. (1993). Isometric maximal and submaximal trunk extension at different flexed positions in standing, Triaxial torque output and EMG. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 18(16), 2480–2490.
  • 13. Eryavuz, M. & Akkan, A. (2003). Fabrika çalışanlarında bel ağrısı risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of low back pain risk factors in factory workers). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 49(5), 3-12.
  • 14. Karahan, A., Kav, S., Abbasoglu, A. & Dogan, N. (2009). Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff. J Adv Nurs, 65(3), 516–524.
  • 15. Bejia, I., Younes, M., Jamila, H. B., Khalfallah, T., Salem, K. B., Touzi, M., et al. (2005). Prevalence and factors associated to low back pain among hospital staff. Joint Bone Spine, 72(3), 254–259.
  • 16. Bos, E., Krol, B., Van der Star, L. & Groothoff, J. (2007). Risk factors and musculoskeletal complaints in non-specialized nurses, IC nurses, operation room nurses, and X-ray technologists. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 80(3), 198–206.
  • 17. Mendelek, F., Kheir, R. B., Caby, I., Thevenon, A. & Pelayo, P. (2011). On the quantitative relationships between individual/occupational risk factors and low back pain prevalence using nonparametric approaches. Joint Bone Spine, 78(6), 619–624.
  • 18. Landry, M. D., Raman, S. R., Sulway, C., Golightly, Y. M. & Hamdan, E. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among health care providers in a Kuwait hospital. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(5), 539–545.
  • 19. Alnaami, İ., Awadalla, N. J., Alkhairy, M., Alburidy, S., Alqarni, A., Algarni, A., et. al. (2019). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among health care workers in southwestern Saudi Arabia. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 20(1), 56.
  • 20. Violante, F. S., Fiori, M., Fiorentini, C., Risi, A., Garagnani, G., Bonfiglioli, R., et al. (2004). Associations of psychosocial and individual factors with three different categories of back disorder among nursing staff. J Occup Health, 46(2), 100‐108.
  • 21. Yokota, J., Fukutani, N., Nin, K., Yamanaka, H., Yasuda, M., Tashiro, Y., et.al. (2019). Association of low back pain with presenteeism in hospital nursing staff. J Occup Health, 61(3), 219–226.
  • 22. Arasan F., Gün K., Terzibaşıoğlu A. M. & Sarıdoğan M. (2009) Bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı görülme sıklığının belirlenmesi. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Dergisi,40(4),136–43.
  • 23. Yılmaz E. & Özkan S. (2008) Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması. Türk Fiz. Tıp Rehab. Derg,54(1),8–12.
  • 24. Manchikanti, L. (2000). Epidemiology of low back pain. Pain Physician, 3(2), 167-192.
  • 25. Yılmaz, E. & Özkan, S. (2008). Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması (Determination of the frequency of low back pain in nurses working in the hospital). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 54(1), 8–12.
  • 26. Ouédraogo, D. D., Ouédraogo, V., Ouédraogo, L. T., Kinda, M., Tiéno, H., Zoungrana, E. I. et al. (2010). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among hospital staff in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Med Trop (Mars), 70(3), 277–280.
  • 27. Reisbord, L. S. & Greenland, S. (1985). Factors associated with self-reported back-pain prevalence: a population-based study. J Chronic Dis, 38(8), 691-702.
  • 28. Şimşek, Ş., Yağcı, N. & Şenol, H. (2017). Prevalence of and risk factors for low back pain among healthcare workers in Denizli. Agri, 29(2), 71–78.
  • 29. Goldberg, M. S., Scott, S. C. & Mayo, N. E. (2000). A Review of the association between cigarette smoking and the development of nonspecific back pain and related outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(8), 995–1014.
  • 30. Macfarlane, G. J., Pallewatte, N., Paudyal, P., Blyth, F. M., Coggon, D., Crombez, G., et.al. (2009). Evaluation of work-related psychosocial factors and regional musculoskeletal pain: results from a EULAR Task Force. Ann Rheum Dis, 68(6), 885-891.
  • 31. Tucer, B., Yalcin, B. M., Ozturk, A., Mazicioğlu, M. M., Yılmaz, Y. & Kaya, M. (2009). Risk factors for low back pain and its relation with pain related disability and depression in a Turkish sample. Turk Neurosurg, 19(4), 327–332.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Feride Yarar 0000-0001-9938-7513

Seda Bayramoğlu 0000-0001-9392-0807

Nesrin Yağcı 0000-0002-5669-4932

Hande Şenol 0000-0001-6395-7924

Publication Date September 30, 2022
DOI https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121
IZ https://izlik.org/JA42RG62SP
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yarar, F., Bayramoğlu, S., Yağcı, N., & Şenol, H. (2022). The Frequency and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Pharmacy Workers. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(3), 513-521. https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121