Characterization of Confectionary Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Genetic Resources of Denizli and Erzurum Provinces

Year 2013, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 5 - 11, 08.06.2013

Ahmet Şemsettin Tan

Abstract

Turkey has significant
and unique plant diversity and plant genetic resources. Sunflower (Helianthus
annuus L.) is one of the important oilseed and confectionary crop have significant
diversity in Turkey.
Therefore, within the framework of National Industrial Plant Genetic Resources
Project, sunflower landraces have been collected and conserved ex situ at the
National Gene Bank  in Izmir, Turkey.
Since the characterization of local variety and land race collections is also
necessary for the utilization of those resources and help to optimize the
germplasm management and utilization in plant breeding program. In this study
agro-morphological characterization of fifty four confectionary sunflower
accessions collected from Denizli and Erzurum
provinces, and maintained long-term at National Gene Bank for assessing
sustainable utilization. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed for
diversity determination of sunflower accessions. Ecological differences affect
morphology of sunflower; thus, quantitative aspects of variation were evaluated
using plants grown under same conditions. Thirty two characters were evaluated
and multivariate analysis was performed for diversity determination those of
confectionary sunflower accessions. The
morphological variation was found high for most of the characters. There was no
variation on leaf distribution on stem, stem hairiness, branching, leaf
pubescence, leaf shape, seed type, seed hairiness, head flower color, pollen
fertility, disk flower anthocyanin coloration. 
PCA showed that the first eight principal components accounted
for 73.721 % of the total
variation. In all principal components very
variable one group was formed. The results indicated continuous
variation model of confectionary sunflower landraces. While the informal seed
exchange mechanism among the farmers involve the some degree of similarity of
the some accessions collected from different localities. The diversity among
and between the landraces is result of adaptation of different ecologies and
the farmers’ selection in their preferences.

Keywords

Confectionary sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., diversity, morphological variation, characterization, Principle Component Analysis (PCA)

References

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