Growth Parameters of Cotton in Relay Strip Intercropping: Before and After Wheat Harvest

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 146 - 161, 31.12.2024

Uğur Çakaloğulları

https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.1539452

Abstract

To investigate cotton's adaptation to various microclimates provided by wheat height, a field experiment was conducted to observe the morphological and physiological traits of cotton seedlings before and after wheat harvest. The cotton was grown in relay strip intercropping with wheat of varying heights. The study observed canopy temperature depression (CTD), average leaf area (ALA), specific leaf area (SLA), SPAD values, net assimilation rates (NAR), total dry weight (TDW). During the shading period, intercropped cotton exhibited stress, indicated by CTD, compared to monocropped cotton (MC). This negative effect was more pronounced in short wheat-cotton intercropping (SC). Microclimates influenced leaf traits and biomass accumulation, with smaller ALA, higher SLA, higher SPAD values, and lower NAR observed in intercropped cotton, especially in SC, resulting in decreased TDW. Following wheat harvest, cotton plants, particularly in SC, exhibited significant NAR recovery by adjusting leaf structure. However, while this adjustment mitigated differences in TDW and yield compared to tall wheat-cotton intercropping (TC), disparities with MC remained. SC had a more pronounced negative impact on cotton before wheat harvest compared to TC. However, rapid recovery of cotton mitigated this negative effect in SC after wheat harvest.

Keywords

Cotton, cotton growth dynamics, crop adaptation, intercropping systems, relay strip intercropping, wheat microclimate

Sonradan Araya Ekim Sisteminde Pamuk Büyüme Dinamikleri: Buğday Hasadı Öncesi ve Sonrası

Abstract

Pamuk bitkisinin farklı buğday yüksekliklerinin sağladığı mikroklimalara adaptasyonunu araştırmak için, buğday hasadından önce ve sonra pamuk fidelerinin morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklerini gözlemlemek üzere bir tarla denemesi gerçekleştirildi. Pamuk, farklı yüksekliklerde buğday ile sonradan araya ekim sisteminde yetiştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, kanopi sıcaklık depresyonu (CTD), ortalama yaprak alanı (ALA), spesifik yaprak alanı (SLA), SPAD değerleri, net asimilasyon oranları (NAR) ve toplam kuru ağırlık (TDW) gibi morfolojik ve fizyolojik özellikler buğday hasadından önce ve sonra gözlemlenmiştir. Gölgeleme süreci boyunca, sonradan araya ekilen pamuk, tek ekim pamuğa (MC) kıyasla CTD de görüldüğü üzere stres belirtileri göstermiştir. Bu olumsuz etki, kısa buğday-pamuk ekimi (SC) sisteminde daha belirgin bulunmuştur. Mikroklimalar, yaprak özelliklerini ve biyokütle birikimini etkilemiş; SC'de özellikle daha küçük ALA, daha yüksek SLA, daha yüksek SPAD değerleri ve daha düşük NAR gözlemlenmiş ve bu durum TDW'de azalmaya neden olmuştur. Buğday hasadından sonra, özellikle SC'de pamuk bitkileri, yaprak yapılarını ayarlayarak NAR'da önemli bir iyileşme göstermiştir. Ancak, bu ayarlama, TDW ve verimde, uzun buğday-pamuk ekimi (TC) ile karşılaştırıldığında farkları azaltırken, MC ile karşılaştırıldığında farklılıkları tamamen ortadan kaldıramamıştır. SC, buğday hasadından önce pamuk üzerinde TC'ye kıyasla daha belirgin olumsuz bir etkiye sahip bulunmuştur. Ancak, pamuktaki hızlı iyileşme, bu olumsuz etkiyi buğday hasadından sonra SC'de hafifletmiştir.

Keywords

Pamuk, pamuk büyüme dinamikleri, bitki adaptasyonu, araya ekim sistemleri, sonradan araya ekim, buğday mikroklima

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