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Menopozun sağlıklı ve periodontitisli kadınlarda kortizol, alfa-amilaz, dopamin ve prolaktin seviyeleri üzerine etkisi: kesitsel bir çalışma

Year 2022, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 9 - 15, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.816037

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada menopozun sağlıklı ve periodontitisli kadınlarda serum kortizol, alfa-amilaz, dopamin ve prolaktin seviyeleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.


Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 80 kadın dahil edildi. Hastalar, Periodontal ve Peri-İmplant Hastalık ve Durumların Sınıflandırılmasına Dair 2017 Dünya Çalıştayı kriterlerine göre teşhis edildi. Klinik muayenede plak indeksi (Pİ), gingival indeks (Gİ), sondalama cep derinliği (SCD) ve klinik ataşman kaybı (KAK) ölçümleri yapıldı. Sistemik kortizol, alfa-amilaz, dopamin ve prolaktin seviyeleri biyokimyasal olarak ölçüldü. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.


Bulgular: Ortalama katılımcı yaşı 44,32±3,23 (aralık: 33–55) yıl idi. Ortalama Pİ 0,98±0,10; Gİ 0,94±0,31; SCD 2,59±0,23 mm, KAK 2,65±0,16 mm idi. Menopozlu kadınlarda prolaktin seviyeleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı biçimde daha düşükken (p<0,05), kortizol, alfa-amilaz ve dopamin seviyelerindeki değişimler anlamlı değildi (p>0,05). Periodontitisli kadınlarda kortizol, dopamin ve prolaktin seviyeleri anlamlı biçimde yüksekti (p<0,05).


Sonuç: Menopozun sağlıklı ve periodontitisli kadınlarda klinik periodontal parametreler ve kortizol, alfa-amilaz ve dopamin seviyeleri üzerinde etkisi olmadığı görüldü. Ancak menopoz periodontal hastalık varlığından bağımsız olarak azalmış prolaktin seviyeleri ile ilişkili idi.

References

  • Kornman KS. Mapping the pathogenesis of periodontitis: a new look. J Periodontol. 2008;79(suppl. 8):1560–8.
  • Papapanou PN, Susin C. Periodontitis epidemiology: is periodontitis under-recognized, over-diagnosed, or both?. Periodontology 2000. 2017;75(1):45–51.
  • Genco RJ, Borgnakke WS. Risk factors for periodontal disease. Periodontology 2000. 2013;62(1):59–94.
  • Borba TT, Molz P, Schlickmann DS, Santos C, Oliveira CF, Prá D, et al. Periodontitis: genomic instability implications and associated risk factors. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2019;840:20–3.
  • Kurushima Y, Bowyer R, Ide M, Hughes FJ, Steves CJ. Genetic and environmental contributions to the association between mood disorder and periodontal disease: a cross-sectional study among female twins in the UK. J Clinical Periodontol. 2019;46(1):40–50.
  • Decker A, Askar H, Tattan M, Taichman R, Wang HL. The assessment of stress, depression, and inflammation as a collective risk factor for periodontal diseases: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(1):1–12.
  • Varlamov E, Hinojosa-Amaya JM, Stack M, Fleseriu M. Diagnostic utility of gallium-68-somatostatin receptor PET/CT in ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors: a systematic literature review and single-center clinical experience. Pituitary. 2019;22(5):445–55.
  • Varlamov E, Hinojosa-Amaya JM, Stack M, Fleseriu M. Diagnostic utility of gallium-68-somatostatin receptor PET/CT in ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors: a systematic literature review and single-center clinical experience. Pituitary. 2019;22(5):445–55.
  • Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer DH. Salivary cortisol in psychoneuroendocrine research: recent developments and applications. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1994;19(4):313–33.
  • Ranabir S, Reetu K. Stress and hormones. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(1):18–22.
  • Chatterton RT, Vogelsong KM, Lu YC, Ellman AB, Hudgens GA. Salivary alpha-amylase as a measure of endogenous adrenergic activity. Clin Physiol. 1996;16(4):433–48.
  • Fonseca E, Basurto L, Velázquez S, Zárate A. Hormone replacement therapy increases ACTH/dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in menopause. Maturitas. 2001;39(1):57–62.
  • Kvetnanský R, Fukuhara K, Pacák K, Cizza G, Goldstein DS, Kopin IJ. Endogenous glucocorticoids restrain catecholamine synthesis and release at rest and during immobilization stress in rats. Endocrinology. 1993;133(3):1411–9.
  • Witek P, Zieliński G. Management of prolactinomas during pregnancy. Minerva Endocrinol. 2013;38(4):351–63.
  • Katznelson L, Riskind PN, Saxe VC, Klibanski A. Prolactin pulsatile characteristics in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83(3):761–4.
  • Goyal S, Jajoo S, Nagappa G, Rao G. Estimation of relationship between psychosocial stress and periodontal status using serum cortisol level: a clinico-biochemical study. Indian J Dent Res. 2011;22(1):6–9.
  • Breivik T, Opstad PK, Gjermo P, Thrane PS. Effects of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity on periodontal tissue destruction in rats. Eur J Oral Sci. 2000;108(2):115–22. Selye H. Stress and disease. Science. 1955;122(3171):625–31.
  • Strauss JF, Barbieri RL. Preface. In: Strauss JF, Barbieri RL (ed.), Yen & Jaffe’s Reproductive Endocrinology, 6. ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2009:XI.
  • Mumusoglu S, Yildiz BO. Metabolic syndrome during menopause. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2019;17(6):595–603.
  • Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(suppl. 20):s149–61.
  • Silness J, Loe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964;22:121–35.
  • Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963;21(6):533–51.
  • Karaaslan F, Dikilitaş A. The effects of vaping electronic cigarettes on periodontitis. Aust Dent J. 2020;65(2):143–9.
  • Van Dyke TE, Sheilesh D. Risk factors for periodontitis. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2005;7(1):3–7.
  • Akalin FA, Baltacioğlu E, Alver A, Karabulut E. Total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity levels in serum and gingival crevicular fluid in pregnant women with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2009;80(3):457–67.
  • Wulandari P, Masulili SLC, Kusdhany LS, Tadjoedin FM, Puspitadewi SR, Baziad A. Differences in periodontal severity between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with chronic periodontitis. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clín Integr. 2019;19:e5091.
  • Sivaranjani K, Balu P, Kumar RS, Muthu J, Devi SS, Priyadharshini V. Correlation of periodontal status with perceived stress scale score and cortisol levels among transgenders in Puducherry and Cuddalore. SRM J Res Dent Sci. 2019;10(2):61–4.
  • Coelho JMF, Miranda SS, da Cruz SS, Trindade SC, Passos-Soares JdS, de MM Cerqueira E, et al. Is there association between stress and periodontitis?. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(7):2285–94.
  • Kumuda R, Suchetha K, Babu S, Shetty U, Harshini U. Estimation of salivary cortisol level in post-menopausal women with psychosomatic disorders. Afr Health Sci. 2018;18(2):244–52.
  • Kalleinen N, Polo-Kantola P, Irjala K, Porkka-Heiskanen T, Vahlberg T, Virkki A, et al. 24-hour serum levels of growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol in pre-and postmenopausal women: the effect of combined estrogen and progestin treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(5):1655–61.
  • Gerber LM, Sievert LL, Schwartz JE. Hot flashes and midlife symptoms in relation to levels of salivary cortisol. Maturitas. 2017;96:26–32.
  • Blümel J, Lavín P, Vallejo MS, Sarrá S. Menopause or climacteric, just a semantic discussion or has it clinical implications?. Climacteric. 2014;17(3):235–41.
  • Woods NF, Mitchell ES, Smith-DiJulio K. Cortisol levels during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women’s Health Study. Menopause (NY). 2009;16(4):708.
  • Develioglu H, Korkmaz S, Dundar S, Schlagenhauf U. Investigation of the levels of different salivary stress markers in chronic periodontitis patients. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2020;10(4):514–8.
  • Rashid R. Salivary amylase as a biomarker in health and periodontal diseases. J Adv Med Dent Sci Res. 2019;7(12):137–40.
  • Greenman Y. Prolactinomas and menopause: any changes in management?. Pituitary. 2020;23(1):58–64.
  • Georgiopoulos G, Lambrinoudaki I, Athanasouli F, Armeni E, Koliviras A, Augoulea A, et al. Prolactin as a predictor of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness progression in menopause. J Hum Hypertens. 2017;31(8):520–4.
  • Balint-Peric L, Prelevic G. Changes in prolactin levels with the menopause: the effects of estrogen/androgen and calcitonin treatment. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1997;11(4):275–80.
  • el-Wakeel NM, Shaker O, Amr EM. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of prolactin hormone in periodontitis patients before and after treatment and in healthy controls. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2020;22(1):29–36.

The effect of menopause on levels of cortisol, alpha-amylase, dopamine, and prolactin in women with periodontitis and healthy controls: a cross sectional study

Year 2022, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 9 - 15, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.816037

Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of menopause on serum levels of cortisol, alpha-amylase, dopamine, and prolactin in women with periodontitis and healthy controls.


Methods: The study included a total of 80 women. Patients were diagnosed according to the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions criteria. The clinical examination included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (AL) measurements. The systemic levels of cortisol, alpha-amylase,
dopamine, and prolactin were measured biochemically. Data were analyzed statistically.


Results: The mean participant age was 44.32±3.23 (range: 33–55) years. The mean PI was 0.98±0.10, GI 0.94±0.31, PD 2.59±0.23 mm, and AL 2.65±0.16 mm. While prolactin levels were statistically significantly lower in menopausal women (p<0.05), the changes in cortisol, alpha-amylase, and dopamine levels were not significant (p>0.05). Levels of cortisol, dopamine and prolactin
were found to be significantly high in women with periodontitis (p<0.05).


Conclusion: It was found that menopause had no effect on the clinical periodontal parameters and levels of cortisol, alpha-amylase, and dopamine in women with periodontitis and healthy controls.
However, menopause was associated with decreased prolactin levels, independent of the presence of periodontal disease.

References

  • Kornman KS. Mapping the pathogenesis of periodontitis: a new look. J Periodontol. 2008;79(suppl. 8):1560–8.
  • Papapanou PN, Susin C. Periodontitis epidemiology: is periodontitis under-recognized, over-diagnosed, or both?. Periodontology 2000. 2017;75(1):45–51.
  • Genco RJ, Borgnakke WS. Risk factors for periodontal disease. Periodontology 2000. 2013;62(1):59–94.
  • Borba TT, Molz P, Schlickmann DS, Santos C, Oliveira CF, Prá D, et al. Periodontitis: genomic instability implications and associated risk factors. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2019;840:20–3.
  • Kurushima Y, Bowyer R, Ide M, Hughes FJ, Steves CJ. Genetic and environmental contributions to the association between mood disorder and periodontal disease: a cross-sectional study among female twins in the UK. J Clinical Periodontol. 2019;46(1):40–50.
  • Decker A, Askar H, Tattan M, Taichman R, Wang HL. The assessment of stress, depression, and inflammation as a collective risk factor for periodontal diseases: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(1):1–12.
  • Varlamov E, Hinojosa-Amaya JM, Stack M, Fleseriu M. Diagnostic utility of gallium-68-somatostatin receptor PET/CT in ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors: a systematic literature review and single-center clinical experience. Pituitary. 2019;22(5):445–55.
  • Varlamov E, Hinojosa-Amaya JM, Stack M, Fleseriu M. Diagnostic utility of gallium-68-somatostatin receptor PET/CT in ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors: a systematic literature review and single-center clinical experience. Pituitary. 2019;22(5):445–55.
  • Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer DH. Salivary cortisol in psychoneuroendocrine research: recent developments and applications. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1994;19(4):313–33.
  • Ranabir S, Reetu K. Stress and hormones. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(1):18–22.
  • Chatterton RT, Vogelsong KM, Lu YC, Ellman AB, Hudgens GA. Salivary alpha-amylase as a measure of endogenous adrenergic activity. Clin Physiol. 1996;16(4):433–48.
  • Fonseca E, Basurto L, Velázquez S, Zárate A. Hormone replacement therapy increases ACTH/dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in menopause. Maturitas. 2001;39(1):57–62.
  • Kvetnanský R, Fukuhara K, Pacák K, Cizza G, Goldstein DS, Kopin IJ. Endogenous glucocorticoids restrain catecholamine synthesis and release at rest and during immobilization stress in rats. Endocrinology. 1993;133(3):1411–9.
  • Witek P, Zieliński G. Management of prolactinomas during pregnancy. Minerva Endocrinol. 2013;38(4):351–63.
  • Katznelson L, Riskind PN, Saxe VC, Klibanski A. Prolactin pulsatile characteristics in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83(3):761–4.
  • Goyal S, Jajoo S, Nagappa G, Rao G. Estimation of relationship between psychosocial stress and periodontal status using serum cortisol level: a clinico-biochemical study. Indian J Dent Res. 2011;22(1):6–9.
  • Breivik T, Opstad PK, Gjermo P, Thrane PS. Effects of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity on periodontal tissue destruction in rats. Eur J Oral Sci. 2000;108(2):115–22. Selye H. Stress and disease. Science. 1955;122(3171):625–31.
  • Strauss JF, Barbieri RL. Preface. In: Strauss JF, Barbieri RL (ed.), Yen & Jaffe’s Reproductive Endocrinology, 6. ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2009:XI.
  • Mumusoglu S, Yildiz BO. Metabolic syndrome during menopause. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2019;17(6):595–603.
  • Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(suppl. 20):s149–61.
  • Silness J, Loe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964;22:121–35.
  • Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963;21(6):533–51.
  • Karaaslan F, Dikilitaş A. The effects of vaping electronic cigarettes on periodontitis. Aust Dent J. 2020;65(2):143–9.
  • Van Dyke TE, Sheilesh D. Risk factors for periodontitis. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2005;7(1):3–7.
  • Akalin FA, Baltacioğlu E, Alver A, Karabulut E. Total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity levels in serum and gingival crevicular fluid in pregnant women with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2009;80(3):457–67.
  • Wulandari P, Masulili SLC, Kusdhany LS, Tadjoedin FM, Puspitadewi SR, Baziad A. Differences in periodontal severity between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with chronic periodontitis. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clín Integr. 2019;19:e5091.
  • Sivaranjani K, Balu P, Kumar RS, Muthu J, Devi SS, Priyadharshini V. Correlation of periodontal status with perceived stress scale score and cortisol levels among transgenders in Puducherry and Cuddalore. SRM J Res Dent Sci. 2019;10(2):61–4.
  • Coelho JMF, Miranda SS, da Cruz SS, Trindade SC, Passos-Soares JdS, de MM Cerqueira E, et al. Is there association between stress and periodontitis?. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(7):2285–94.
  • Kumuda R, Suchetha K, Babu S, Shetty U, Harshini U. Estimation of salivary cortisol level in post-menopausal women with psychosomatic disorders. Afr Health Sci. 2018;18(2):244–52.
  • Kalleinen N, Polo-Kantola P, Irjala K, Porkka-Heiskanen T, Vahlberg T, Virkki A, et al. 24-hour serum levels of growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol in pre-and postmenopausal women: the effect of combined estrogen and progestin treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(5):1655–61.
  • Gerber LM, Sievert LL, Schwartz JE. Hot flashes and midlife symptoms in relation to levels of salivary cortisol. Maturitas. 2017;96:26–32.
  • Blümel J, Lavín P, Vallejo MS, Sarrá S. Menopause or climacteric, just a semantic discussion or has it clinical implications?. Climacteric. 2014;17(3):235–41.
  • Woods NF, Mitchell ES, Smith-DiJulio K. Cortisol levels during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women’s Health Study. Menopause (NY). 2009;16(4):708.
  • Develioglu H, Korkmaz S, Dundar S, Schlagenhauf U. Investigation of the levels of different salivary stress markers in chronic periodontitis patients. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2020;10(4):514–8.
  • Rashid R. Salivary amylase as a biomarker in health and periodontal diseases. J Adv Med Dent Sci Res. 2019;7(12):137–40.
  • Greenman Y. Prolactinomas and menopause: any changes in management?. Pituitary. 2020;23(1):58–64.
  • Georgiopoulos G, Lambrinoudaki I, Athanasouli F, Armeni E, Koliviras A, Augoulea A, et al. Prolactin as a predictor of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness progression in menopause. J Hum Hypertens. 2017;31(8):520–4.
  • Balint-Peric L, Prelevic G. Changes in prolactin levels with the menopause: the effects of estrogen/androgen and calcitonin treatment. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1997;11(4):275–80.
  • el-Wakeel NM, Shaker O, Amr EM. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of prolactin hormone in periodontitis patients before and after treatment and in healthy controls. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2020;22(1):29–36.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Authors

Mithat Terzi 0000-0003-2222-2715

Yasin Çiçek This is me 0000-0002-8207-8148

Alparslan Dilsiz 0000-0001-8462-1725

Publication Date January 29, 2022
Acceptance Date October 26, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 27 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Terzi M, Çiçek Y, Dilsiz A. The effect of menopause on levels of cortisol, alpha-amylase, dopamine, and prolactin in women with periodontitis and healthy controls: a cross sectional study. Anatolian Clin. 2022;27(1):9-15.

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