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Çocukluk çağında kazara ilaç ve kimyasal zehirlenme olgularının incelenmesi ve olası koruyucu yaklaşımların değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 461 - 468, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1703096

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada çocukluk çağında kazara ilaç ve kimyasal zehirlenmelere bağlı zehirlenme etkenleri ve nedenleri, hastaların demografik özellikleri ve klinik seyirlerinin incelenmesi ve alınabilecek önlemlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya kazara ilaç ve kimyasal zehirlenme nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan 0-9 yaş arası çocuklar retrospektif olarak dahil edildi. Hastalar yaş, cinsiyet, zehirlenme nedeni, zehirlenmeye neden olan farmakolojik ve kimyasal ajanlar, hastaneye başvuru ve yatış süresi ve tedavi süreci gibi parametreler açısından incelendi.

Bulgular: Hastaların %47,7’si kız, %52,3’ü erkekti. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 3,1±1,8 yıldı (7 ay-9 yıl). Zehirlenen hastaların %90,8’i 0-5 yaş aralığındaydı. Hastalar çoğunlukla 2-3 yaş aralığındaydı (%32,3). İlaç zehirlenmeleri (%83,1) kimyasal zehirlenmelerden daha fazlaydı (%16,9). İlaçların %7,7’si anne tarafından içirilmiş, %92,3’ü ise çocuklar tarafından alınmıştı. En fazla alınan ilaç ateş düşürücü ağrı kesiciler (%20,3) iken en fazla alınan kimyasal madde tütündü (27,3). Hastaların %38,5’ine mide lavajı yapıldı. İlaç veya kimyasal maruziyeti takiben hastaların %4,6’sı ilk 0,5 saatte, %67,7’si ise ilk 1 saatte hastaneye başvurdu. İlaç ve kimyasal zehirlenmelerde hastanede kalış süresi sırasıyla 1,4±0,7 ve 1,2±0,6 gündü.

Sonuç: Kazara meydana gelen 0-9 yaş çocuklardaki ilaç ve kimyasal zehirlenme vakaları, çocuk doktorları ve ebeveynlerin işbirliğiyle önlenebilir. Çocuk doktorları, yenidoğan çocukların rutin kontrolleri sırasında ilaç ve kimyasal zehirlenme konusunda ebeveynleri uyarmalı ve bilgilendirmelidir. Ebeveynler ilaçları ve kimyasalları çocukların erişemeyeceği güvenli bir yerde ve orijinal kaplarında saklamalıdır. Ebeveynlerine sormadan herhangi bir nesneyi yutmanın olası zararları, anlayabilecek yaştaki çocuklara açıklanmalıdır.

References

  • Sahin S, Carman KB, Dinleyici EC. Acute poisoning in children; data of a pediatric emergency unit. Iran J Pediatr. 2011;21(4):479-84.
  • Bulut M, Küçük Alemdar D, Bulut A, Tekin E, Çelikkalkan K. Evaluation of accidental and intentional pediatric poisoning: Retrospective analysis in an emergency Department of Turkey. J Pediatr Nurs. 2022;63:e44-9.
  • Aji DY, İlter O. Türkiye’de çocuk zehirlenmeleri. Türk Pediatri Arşivi. 1998;33:154-58.
  • Tarlok S, Amit S, Shina P, Sourabh K, Shalini D. Introduction to poisoning; a systematic review. IJPTP. 2015; 6(4):2615-9.
  • Ulu K, Hasbal AC, Ulu ŞE, Erkum İT, Cebeci SO. Çocukluk çağı zehirlenmelerinin geriye dönük değerlendirilmesi ve maliyet analizi. Çocuk Dergisi. 2019;19(3):138-47.
  • Sümer V, Güler E, Karanfil R, et al. Retrospective evaluation of poisoning cases who presented to the Pediatric Emergency Unit. Turk Arch Ped. 2011;46:226-32.
  • Peden M, Oyegbite K, Ozanne-Smith J, et al. World Report on Child Injury Prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
  • Sharif F, Khan RA, Keenan P. Poisoning in a paediatric hospital. Ir J Med Sci. 2003;172(2):78-80.
  • Ucar B, Okten A, Mocan H. Karadeniz bölgesinde çocuk zehirlenme vakalarının retrospektif incelenmesi. Cocuk Saglıgı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi. 1993;36:363-71.
  • Mutlu M, Cansu A, Karakas T, Kalyoncu M, Erduran E. Pattern of pediatric poisoning in the east Karadeniz region between 2002 and 2006: increased suicide poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010;29(2):131-6.
  • Özenir M, Duru NS, Elevli M, Karakuş A, Çivilibal M. The Familial Factors and Demographic Characteristics of Children with Drug Poisoning. Haseki Tıp Bülteni. 2013;51:157-61.
  • Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, Osterthaler KM, Banner W. 2017 Annual report of the american association of poison control centers’ national poison data system (NPDS): 35th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2018;56(12):1213-415.
  • Özcan N, İkincioğulları D. Summary of the national poison counseling center 2008 study report. Türk Hijiyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi. 2009;66:29–58.
  • Kazanasmaz H, Kazanasmaz Ö, Çalık M. Epidemiological and sociocultural assessment of childhood poisonings. Turk J Emerg Med. 2019;19(4):127-31.
  • Baysal ŞG, Yıldız FM. Evaluation of epidemiological and demographic features of childhood poisoning cases. Aegean J Med Sci. 2018;2:37-42
  • Buch NA, Ahmed K, Sethi AS. Poisoning in children. Indian Padiatr. 1991;28(5):521-4.
  • Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, et al. 2020 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 38th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021;59(12):1282–501
  • Xiang Y, Zhao W, Xiang H, Smith GA. ED visits for drug-related poisoning in the United States, 2007. Am J Emerg Med. 2012;30(2):293–301.
  • Demirgan EB, Erol M, Demirgan S, Yiğit Ö, Türkay M. Çocuk Acil Polikliniğine Başvuran İlaç ile Zehirlenme Olgularının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi. 2014;30(3):128-34.
  • Naseem A, Khurram SA, Khan SS, Khan SKA, Lalani N. Accidental poisoning its magnitude and implications in children. Int J Pediatr Res. 2016;3(6):400-9.
  • Bozlu G, Kuyucu N. Poisoning Cases Who Admitted to the Pediatrics Emergency Unit in the Last Five Years: Evaluation of 1734 Cases. Adli Tıp Bülteni. 2018;23(2):106-109.
  • Aygin D, Açıl H. The study of the intoxiation cases of the patients (0-18 years) admitting to pediatric emergency unit. The Medical Bulletin of Şişli Etfal Hospital. 2014;48(1):27-33.
  • Yorulmaz A, Akbulut H, Yahya İ, Aktaş R, Emiroğlu HH, Peru H. Retrospective evaluation of patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department with intoxication. J Pediatr Emerg Intensive Care Med. 2017;4:96-103.
  • McGregor T, Parkar M, Rao S. Evaluation and management of common childhood poisonings. Am Fam Physician. 2009;79(5):397-403.
  • Agarwal V, Gupta A. Accidental poisoning in children. Indian Padiatr 1984;11(9):617-21.
  • Seydaoglu G, Satar S, Alparslan N. Frequency and mortality risk factors of acute adult poisoning in Adana, Turkey, 1997-2002. Mt Sinai J Med. 2005;72:393-401.
  • Akkas M, Coskun F, Ulu N, Sivri B. An epidemiological evaluation of 1098 acute poisoning cases from Turkey. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004;46:213-5.
  • Andiran N, Sarikayalar F. Pattern of acute poisonings in childhood in Ankara: what has changed in twenty years? Turk J Pediatr. 2004;46(2):147-52.
  • Tekerek NÜ, Dursun A, Akyıldız BN. Retrospective analysis of poisoning cases our followed in pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine. 2016;3:21–6.
  • Gaw CE, Curry AE, Osterhoudt KC, Wood JN, Corwin DJ. Characteristics of Fatal Poisonings Among Infants and Young Children in the United States. Pediatrics. 2023;151(4):e2022059016.

Investigation of accidental medicine and chemical poisoning cases in childhood and evaluation of possible preventive approaches

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 461 - 468, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1703096

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to examine the poisoning agents and causes, demographic characteristics and clinical course of patients, and to determine the precautions that can be taken in cases of accidental medication and chemical poisoning in childhood.

Methods: Children aged 0-9 years who were admitted to the hospital due to accidental medicine and chemical poisoning were retrospectively included in the study. Patients were examined in terms of parameters such as age, gender, cause of poisoning, pharmacological and chemical agents causing poisoning, duration of hospital admission and stay, and course of treatment.

Results: 47.7% of patients were female and 52.3% were male. The mean age of the patients was 3.1±1.8 years (7 months to 9 years). 90.8% of the poisoning cases occurred in children aged 0-5. Poisoning cases were highest in the 2-3 age group (32.3%) compared to other age groups. Medicine poisoning was more than chemical poisoning (83.1% vs 16.9%). 7.7% of the medicines were administered by the mother, 92.3% by the children themselves. The most ingested medicines were antipyretic analgesics (20.3%), while the most ingested chemical was tobacco (27.3%). 38.5% of the patients underwent gastric lavage. Following medicine or chemical exposure, 4.6% of the patients were admitted to the hospital within half an hour, and 67.7% in the first 1 hour. Length of hospital stay for medicine and chemical poisoning was 1.4±0.7 and 1.2±0.6 days, respectively.

Conclusion: Accidental drug and chemical poisoning cases in the 0-9 age group can be prevented with the cooperation of pediatricians and parents. Pediatricians should caution and inform parents about medicine and chemical poisoning during routine check-ups of newborn children. Parents should keep medicines and chemicals in a safe place out of reach of children and in their original containers. The possible harms of ingesting any object without asking their parents should be explained to children who are old enough to understand words.

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was acquired from the Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (decision no 2024/77).

References

  • Sahin S, Carman KB, Dinleyici EC. Acute poisoning in children; data of a pediatric emergency unit. Iran J Pediatr. 2011;21(4):479-84.
  • Bulut M, Küçük Alemdar D, Bulut A, Tekin E, Çelikkalkan K. Evaluation of accidental and intentional pediatric poisoning: Retrospective analysis in an emergency Department of Turkey. J Pediatr Nurs. 2022;63:e44-9.
  • Aji DY, İlter O. Türkiye’de çocuk zehirlenmeleri. Türk Pediatri Arşivi. 1998;33:154-58.
  • Tarlok S, Amit S, Shina P, Sourabh K, Shalini D. Introduction to poisoning; a systematic review. IJPTP. 2015; 6(4):2615-9.
  • Ulu K, Hasbal AC, Ulu ŞE, Erkum İT, Cebeci SO. Çocukluk çağı zehirlenmelerinin geriye dönük değerlendirilmesi ve maliyet analizi. Çocuk Dergisi. 2019;19(3):138-47.
  • Sümer V, Güler E, Karanfil R, et al. Retrospective evaluation of poisoning cases who presented to the Pediatric Emergency Unit. Turk Arch Ped. 2011;46:226-32.
  • Peden M, Oyegbite K, Ozanne-Smith J, et al. World Report on Child Injury Prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
  • Sharif F, Khan RA, Keenan P. Poisoning in a paediatric hospital. Ir J Med Sci. 2003;172(2):78-80.
  • Ucar B, Okten A, Mocan H. Karadeniz bölgesinde çocuk zehirlenme vakalarının retrospektif incelenmesi. Cocuk Saglıgı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi. 1993;36:363-71.
  • Mutlu M, Cansu A, Karakas T, Kalyoncu M, Erduran E. Pattern of pediatric poisoning in the east Karadeniz region between 2002 and 2006: increased suicide poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010;29(2):131-6.
  • Özenir M, Duru NS, Elevli M, Karakuş A, Çivilibal M. The Familial Factors and Demographic Characteristics of Children with Drug Poisoning. Haseki Tıp Bülteni. 2013;51:157-61.
  • Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, Osterthaler KM, Banner W. 2017 Annual report of the american association of poison control centers’ national poison data system (NPDS): 35th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2018;56(12):1213-415.
  • Özcan N, İkincioğulları D. Summary of the national poison counseling center 2008 study report. Türk Hijiyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi. 2009;66:29–58.
  • Kazanasmaz H, Kazanasmaz Ö, Çalık M. Epidemiological and sociocultural assessment of childhood poisonings. Turk J Emerg Med. 2019;19(4):127-31.
  • Baysal ŞG, Yıldız FM. Evaluation of epidemiological and demographic features of childhood poisoning cases. Aegean J Med Sci. 2018;2:37-42
  • Buch NA, Ahmed K, Sethi AS. Poisoning in children. Indian Padiatr. 1991;28(5):521-4.
  • Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, et al. 2020 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 38th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021;59(12):1282–501
  • Xiang Y, Zhao W, Xiang H, Smith GA. ED visits for drug-related poisoning in the United States, 2007. Am J Emerg Med. 2012;30(2):293–301.
  • Demirgan EB, Erol M, Demirgan S, Yiğit Ö, Türkay M. Çocuk Acil Polikliniğine Başvuran İlaç ile Zehirlenme Olgularının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi. 2014;30(3):128-34.
  • Naseem A, Khurram SA, Khan SS, Khan SKA, Lalani N. Accidental poisoning its magnitude and implications in children. Int J Pediatr Res. 2016;3(6):400-9.
  • Bozlu G, Kuyucu N. Poisoning Cases Who Admitted to the Pediatrics Emergency Unit in the Last Five Years: Evaluation of 1734 Cases. Adli Tıp Bülteni. 2018;23(2):106-109.
  • Aygin D, Açıl H. The study of the intoxiation cases of the patients (0-18 years) admitting to pediatric emergency unit. The Medical Bulletin of Şişli Etfal Hospital. 2014;48(1):27-33.
  • Yorulmaz A, Akbulut H, Yahya İ, Aktaş R, Emiroğlu HH, Peru H. Retrospective evaluation of patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department with intoxication. J Pediatr Emerg Intensive Care Med. 2017;4:96-103.
  • McGregor T, Parkar M, Rao S. Evaluation and management of common childhood poisonings. Am Fam Physician. 2009;79(5):397-403.
  • Agarwal V, Gupta A. Accidental poisoning in children. Indian Padiatr 1984;11(9):617-21.
  • Seydaoglu G, Satar S, Alparslan N. Frequency and mortality risk factors of acute adult poisoning in Adana, Turkey, 1997-2002. Mt Sinai J Med. 2005;72:393-401.
  • Akkas M, Coskun F, Ulu N, Sivri B. An epidemiological evaluation of 1098 acute poisoning cases from Turkey. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004;46:213-5.
  • Andiran N, Sarikayalar F. Pattern of acute poisonings in childhood in Ankara: what has changed in twenty years? Turk J Pediatr. 2004;46(2):147-52.
  • Tekerek NÜ, Dursun A, Akyıldız BN. Retrospective analysis of poisoning cases our followed in pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine. 2016;3:21–6.
  • Gaw CE, Curry AE, Osterhoudt KC, Wood JN, Corwin DJ. Characteristics of Fatal Poisonings Among Infants and Young Children in the United States. Pediatrics. 2023;151(4):e2022059016.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Authors

Yasemin Baranoğlu Kılınç 0000-0002-1795-5677

Publication Date September 25, 2025
Submission Date May 20, 2025
Acceptance Date July 1, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 30 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Baranoğlu Kılınç Y. Investigation of accidental medicine and chemical poisoning cases in childhood and evaluation of possible preventive approaches. Anatolian Clin. 2025;30(3):461-8.

13151 This Journal licensed under a CC BY-NC (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) International License.