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ORTA/GEÇ PPNB AKARÇAY TEPE’DE DEĞİŞEN MEKÂN KULLANIMI VE HANE HALKI ORGANİZASYONU

Year 2024, , 1 - 28, 20.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.36891/anatolia.1505085

Abstract

Fırat’ın doğu kıyısındaki Neolitik bir yerleşme olan Akarçay Tepe, Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik B (PPNB) dönemi boyunca meydana gelen sosyo-ekonomik ve teknolojik değişimlere dair önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Yerleşme, basit çözümlenmiş bina tiplerinden, daha karmaşık "Hücre Planlı Binalar"a kadar önemli bir mimari gelişimi ve buna bağlı olarak gelişen sosyal organizasyon ve hane halkı özerkliğini yansıtmaktadır. Uzak bölgelerden temin edilen obsidiyen aletler de dahil olmak üzere farklı maddi kültür öğeleri, bina tipleri bölgesel ve bölgeler arası iletişim ağlarını ve kültürel etkileşimleri göstermektedir. Topluluk eşitlikçi bir anlayıştan, hane ekonomilerine geçişi, bir anlamda sosyo-ekonomik karmaşıklığın yavaş yavaş belirmeye başladığı bir süreci yansıtır, ancak bu durum hiyerarşik bir toplumun gelişimine yol açmamıştır. Akarçay Tepe’nin iyi korunmuş mimari kalıntıları ve mekân kullanımına ilişkin verileri, Orta Fırat bölgesinde erken tarım topluluklarının dinamik süreçlerinin daha iyi anlaşılması açısından önemlidir. Özellikle de bölgede yeniden yoğunlaşan araştırmalar düşünüldüğünde

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References

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Year 2024, , 1 - 28, 20.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.36891/anatolia.1505085

Abstract

References

  • Algaze, G. – Breuninger, R. – Knustad, J. 1994. “The Tigris-Euphrates Archaeological Reconnaissance Project: Final Report of the Birecik and Carchemish Dam Survey Areas.” Anatolica 20: 1-96.
  • Arimura, M. – Balkan Atlı, N. – Borrell, F. – Cruells, W. – Duru, G. – Erim Özdoğan, A. – Ibanez, J. – Maede, O. – Miyake, Y. – Molist, M. – Özbaşaran, M. 2000. “A New Neolithic Settlement in the Urfa Region: Akarçay Tepe, 1999.” Anatolia Antiqua 8: 227-255.
  • Banning, E. B. 2003. “Housing Neolithic Farmers.” Near Eastern Archaeology 66 (1-2): 4-21.
  • Banning, B. E. 2011. “So Fair a House: Göbekli Tepe and the Identification of Temples in the PrePottery Neolithic of the Near East.” Current Anthropology 52 (5): 619-660.
  • Bar-Yosef, O. – Belfer-Cohen, A. 1989. “The Origins of Sedentism and Farming Communities in the Levant.” Journal of World Prehistory 3 (40): 447-498.
  • Belfer-Cohen, A. – Goring-Morris, N. 2010. “The Initial Neolithic in the Near East: Why It Is So Difficult to Deal With these PPNA.” Mitekufat Haeven: Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society 40: 1-18.
  • Bender, B. 1978. “From Hunter-Gatherer to Farmer, a Social Perspective.” World Archaeology 10: 204-222.
  • Bıçakçı, E. 1995. “Çayönü House Models and a Reconstruction Attempt for the Cell Plan Buildings.” Readings in Prehistory-Studies Presented to Halet Çambel. İstanbul: Graphis, 101-125.
  • Bıçakçı, E. 1998. “An essay on the chronology of the pre-pottery Neolithic settlements of the EastTaurus region (Turkey), with the building remains and the 14C dates.” G. Arsebük – M. J. Mellink – W. Schirmer (eds.), Light on Top of the Black Hill: Studies Presented to Halet Çambel / Karatepe’deki Işık: Halet Çambel’e Sunulan Yazılar. İstanbul: Ege Yayınları, 137-150.
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  • Byrd, B. F. 1994. “Public and Private, Domestic and Corporate: the Emergence of the Southwest Asian Village.” American Antiquity 59, 639-666.
  • Byrd, B. F. 2000. “Households in Transition: Neolithic Social Organization within Southwest Asia.” I. Kuijt (ed.), Life in Neolithic Farming Communities: Social Organization, Identity and Differentiation. New York: Kluwer Academic and Plenum, 63-98.
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  • Cauvin, J. – Aurenche, O. – Cauvin, M. C. – Balkan-Atlı, N. 1999. “The prepottery site of Cafer Höyük.” M. Özdoğan – N. Başgelen (eds.), Neolithic in Turkey: The Cradle of Civilization. New Discoveries. İstanbul: Archaeology and Art Publications, 165-191.
  • Clare, L. – M. Kinzel 2020. “Response to comments by Ian Hodder and Christian Jeunesse.” A. B. Gebauer – L. Sørensen – A. Teather – A. C. Valera (eds.), Monumentalising Life in the Neolithic: Narratives of Continuity and Change. Oxbow Books, 61-68.
  • Coqueugniot, E. 1999. “Tell D’jade el Mughara.” G. del Olmo Lette – L. Montenoro Fenellos (eds.), Archaeology of the Upper Syrian Euphrates: The Tishrin Dam Area. Barcelona: Editorial AUSA, 41-45.
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  • Duru, G. 2018. “Sedentism and solitude: Exploring the impact of private space on social cohesion in the Neolithic.” I. Hodder (ed.), Religion, History, and Place in the Origin of Settled Life. Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado, 162-185.
  • Erim Özdoğan, A. 2007. “Çayönü.” M. Özdoğan – N. Başgelen (eds.), Türkiye’de Neolitik Dönem. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, 57-97.
  • Finlayson, B. 2020. “Egalitarian societies and the earliest Neolithic of Southwest Asia.” Prehistoric Archaeology Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 1: 27-43.
  • Flannery, K. 2002. “The Origins of the Village Revisited: From Nuclear to Extended Households.” American Antiquity 67: 417-433.
  • Gopher, A. 1994. Arrowheads of the Neolithic Levant: A seriation analysis. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns: American Schools of Oriental Research, Dissertation Series 10.
  • Hauptmann, H. 2002. “Upper Mesopotamia in its regional context during the Early Neolithic.” L. Thissen – F. Gérard (eds.), The Neolithic of Central Anatolia, internal developments and external relations during the 9th-6th millennia cal BC, Proceedings of the International CANeW Round Table. İstanbul: Ege Yayınları, 263-274.
  • Hayden, B. 1995. “Pathways to Power: Prin-ciples for Creating Socioeconomic Inequalities.” T. D. Price – G. M. Feinman (eds.), Foun-dations of Social Inequality. New York: Plenum Press, 15-86.
  • Helmer, D. – Gourichon, L. – Stordeur, D. 2004. “At the dawn of domestication: Animal symbolism in the first Neolithic societies of the northern Levant.” Anthropozoologica 39 (1): 143-164.
  • Hodder, I. 2010. Religion in the Emergence of Civilization: Çatalhöyük as a Case Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hodder, I. 2022. “Staying Egalitarian and the Origins of Agriculture in the Middle East.” Cambridge Archaeological Journal 32(4): 619–642. DOI:10.1017/S0959774322000063
  • Karul, N. 2011. “Gusir Höyük.” M. Özdoğan – N. Başgelen – P. Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolit-hic in Turkey: New excavations and new research. The Tigris Basin. İstanbul: Archaeology and Art Publications, 1-17.
  • Karul, N. 2021. “Buried Buildings at Pre-Pottery Neolithic Karahantepe.” Türk Arkeoloji ve Etnografya Dergisi 82: 21-31.
  • Karul, N. – Ayhan, A. – Özdoğan, M. 2002. “2000 Yılı Mezraa Teleliat Kazısı.” N. Tuna – J. Velibeyoğlu (eds.), Ilısu Karkamış Baraj Gölleri Altında Kalacak Arkeolojik ve Kültür Varlıklarını Kurtarma Projesi 2000 Yılı Çalışmaları. Ankara: ODTÜ TAÇDAM, 101-129.
  • Kinzel, M. – L. Clare 2020. “Monumental – compared to what?: A perspective from Göbekli Tepe.” A. B. Gebauer – L. Sørensen – A. Teather – A. C. Valera (eds.), Monumentalising Life in the Neolithic: Narratives of Continuity and Change. Oxbow Books, 29-48.
  • Kodaş, E. 2019. “Un nouveau site du Néolithique précéramique dans la vallée du Haut Tigre: Résultat préliminaires de Boncuklu Tarla.” Neo-Lithics 2019: 3-15.
  • Kodaş, E. 2023. “The Younger Dryas layer at Boncuklu Tarla and the beginnings of village life in the upper Tigris Basin.” Archaeological Research in Asia 35: 100460.
  • Kodaş, E. – Çiftçi, Y. 2022. “Public buildings and spatial organization during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A Period. The case of Boncuklu Tarla/SE Turkey: First report.” Istanbuler Mitteilungen 71: 47-69.
  • Kozłowski, S. K. 1989. “Nemrik 9, a PPN Neolithic site in Northern Iraq.” Paléorient 15 (1): 25-31.
  • Kozłowski, S. K. 1990. Nemrik 9: Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in Iraq. Warszawa: Warsaw University Press.
  • Kuijt, I. 2000. “People and Space in Early Agricultural Villages: Exploring Daily Lives, Community Size and Architecture, the Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 19: 75-102.
  • Kuijt, I. – Guerrero, E. – Molist, M. – Anfruns, J. 2011. “The changing Neolithic household: Household autonomy and social segmentation, Tell Halula, Syria.” Journal of Anthropo-logical Archaeology 30 (4): 502-522.
  • Losch, S. – Grupe, G. – Peters, J. 2006. “Stable isotopes and dietary adaptations in humans and animals at Pre-Pottery Neolithic Nevali Cori, southeast Anatolia.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 131 (2): 181-193.
  • Maeda, O. 2009. The Materiality of Obsidian and the Practice of Obsidian Use in the Neolithic Near East, Manchester Üniversitesi (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi).
  • Miyake, Y. – Osamu, M. – Kenichi, T. – Hitomi, H. – Gündem, C. Y. 2012. “New excavations at Hasankeyf Höyük: A 10th millennium cal. BC site on the Upper Tigris, Southeast Anatolia.” Neo-lithics 1 (12): 3-7.
  • Molist, M. 2001. “Halula, Village Néolithique en Syrie du Nord.” J. Guilaine (ed.), Communautés villegoises du Proche Orient à l’Atlantique (8000–2000 avant notre ère). Paris: Editions Errance, 35-52.
  • Özbaşaran, M. 2008a. “Tarihöncesinin Bilye-leri.” T. Tarhan – A. Tibet – E. Konyar (eds.), Muhibbe Darga Armağanı. İstanbul: Sadberk Hanım Müzesi Yayınları, 374-378.
  • Özbaşaran, M. 2008b. “9000 Yıllık Bezemeli Kireçtaşları.” İ. Delemen – S. Çokay-Kepçe – A. Özdizbay – Ö. Turak (eds.), Prof. Dr. Haluk Abbasoğlu’na 65.Yaş Armağanı, Euergetes II. Suna-İnan Kıraç Akdeniz Medeniyetleri Araştırma Enstitüsü, 833-838.
  • Özbaşaran, M. – Duru, G. 2011. “Akarçay Tepe, A PPNB and PN Settlement in Middle Euphrates–Urfa.” M. Özdoğan – N. Başgelen –I. Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey - The Euphrates Basin. İstanbul: Archaeology and Art Publications, 165-202.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Neolithic Age Archeology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Güneş Duru 0000-0003-1870-0120

Publication Date December 20, 2024
Submission Date June 25, 2024
Acceptance Date October 10, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Chicago Duru, Güneş. “ORTA/GEÇ PPNB AKARÇAY TEPE’DE DEĞİŞEN MEKÂN KULLANIMI VE HANE HALKI ORGANİZASYONU”. Anatolia, no. 50 (December 2024): 1-28. https://doi.org/10.36891/anatolia.1505085.

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