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Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1953 - 1987, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1698632

Abstract

Project Number

SBA-2020-737

References

  • Albayrak, Y. (2017). Rock-cut tombs of the Şanlıurfa Kale Eteği necropolis. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi,, 36, 269–279.
  • Albayrak, Y. (2021). Rock-cut tomb architecture of the Soğmatar necropolis. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 52, 32–50.
  • Alföldi-Rosenbaum, E. (1971). The Necropolis of Anemurium. Turkish Historical Society Publications.
  • Al-Muheisen, Z. (2008). Archaeological excavations at the Yasileh site in northern Jordan: The necropolis. Syria. Archéologie, Art et Histoire, 85, 315–337.
  • Anabolu, M., & Usman. (1988). Temples of Demeter and Chthonic deities in Western Anatolia. In Proceedings of the 6th Research Results Meeting (pp. 121–140).
  • Baldıran, A., & Pehlivan, E. (2022). An evaluation of arcosolium tombs: Two examples from Lycaonia. AVRASYA International Journal of Research, 10, 153–168.
  • Biber, H., & Erdoğan, S. (2018). A Hellenistic–Roman period necropolis in Bulanık: Mollakent. Journal of Atatürk University Institute of Social Sciences, 22(2), 1029–1052.
  • Blömer, M. (2019). Monuments of the Roman Imperial period in the region of Commagene, God-kings on the banks of the Euphrates: New excavations and research in Commagene (pp. 245–265). Archaeology and Art Publications.
  • Borbonus, D. (2014). Columbarium tombs and collective identity in Augustan Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bosch, C. E. (1937). Das Anatolische in der Geschichte: Von Clemens Bosch. Devlet Basımevi.
  • Çelik, B., & Albayrak, Y. (2019). An eagle figure from Soğmatar. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 42, 60–67.
  • Çevik, N. (2000). Urartu kaya mezarları ve ölü gömme gelenekleri (Urartian rock tombs and burial traditions). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları(Turkish Historical Society Publications).
  • Çevik, N. (2021). Lykia Kitabı: Arkeolojisi, tarihi ve kültürüyle Batı Antalya (The Lycia book: Western Antalya with its archaeology, history, and culture). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları (Turkish Historical Society Publications).
  • De Jong, L. (2017). The archaeology of death in Roman Syria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Doğanay, O. (2009). İsauria Bölgesi kaya mezarları ve ölü gömme gelenekleri (Rock-cut tombs and burial traditions of the Isauria region). Çizgi Kitabevi Yayınları (Çizgi Bookstore Publications).
  • Dunand, F., & Lichtenberg, R. (2006). Mummies and Death in Egypt. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Durugönül, S. (1989). Die Felsreliefs im Rauhen Kilikien (BAR Int. Ser. 511). England.
  • Erarslan, F. (2001). Excavation and cleaning works at the Adıyaman Turuş rock-cut tombs. In Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Museum Studies and Rescue Excavations (pp. 263–272).
  • Ergeç, R. (1995). Ancient period necropoleis and tombs in the Southern Commagene region. (Doctoral dissertation, Selçuk University).
  • Ergeç, R., & Wagner, J. (2000). Doliche und Iupiter Dolichenus. In J. Wagner (Ed.), Gottkönige am Euphrat: Neue Ausgrabungen und Forschungen in Kommagene (pp. 85–91). Mainz.
  • Erhat, A. (1996). Dictionary of mythology. Remzi Bookstore.
  • Erlich, A., & Price, J. (2024). Newly found burial catacombs and inscriptions from the necropolis at Beth Sheʿarim. Journal for the Study of Judaism, 1(aop), 1–19.
  • Erten, E. (2005). The Mersin–Silifke–Olba survey, 2003. In Proceedings of the 22nd Research Results Meeting (pp. 11–22).
  • Graves, R. (2017). The Greek myths: The complete and definitive edition (Vol. 1). Penguin.
  • Hopkins, K. (1983). Death and renewal: Volume 2: Sociological studies in Roman history (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Işık, F. (2019). Uygarlık Anadolu’dan doğdu (Civilization was born in Anatolia). Akdeniz Ülkeleri Akademisi Vakfı Yayınları (Mediterranean Countries Academy Foundation Publications).
  • Jackson, R. (1988). Doctors and diseases in the Roman Empires. London: British Museum Publications.
  • Kalelioğlu, E. (1986). Physical geography of the Gaziantep region. Journal of Geographical Research, 3–4, 143–155.
  • Klein, E. (2015). Khirbat Deir Sallam (East). Hadashot Arkheologiyot: Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Kortanoğlu, R. E. (2006). Rock-cut tombs of the Mountainous Phrygia region in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. (Doctoral dissertation, Istanbul University).
  • Köroğlu, K. (2008). Urartu kaya mezar geleneği ve Doğu Anadolu’daki tek odalı kaya mezarlarının kökeni (The Urartian rock-cut tomb tradition and the origin of single-chamber rock-cut tombs in Eastern Anatolia). Arkeoloji ve Sanat (Art and Sanat), 21–38.
  • Kyle, D. G. (2012). Spectacles of death in Ancient Rome. London: Routledge.
  • Machatschek, A. (1967). Die Nekropolen und Grabmäler im Gebiet von Elaiussa Sebaste und Korykos im Rauhen Kilikien. Graz-Wien-Köln.
  • Sanders, C. S. (1902). Jupiter Dolichenus. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 23, 84–92.
  • Scarborough Er, Y. (1991). The funerary monuments of Cilicia Tracheia (Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University). UMI.
  • Schütte-Maischatz, A., & Winter, E. (2004). Doliche: Eine kommagenische Stadt und ihre Götter: Mithras und Iupiter Dolichenus. Bonn: Habelt.
  • Schweyer, A. V. (2002). Les Lyciens et la mort: Une étude d’histoire sociale (Varia Anatolica XIV). Paris. Sch weyer, A.-V. (2002). Les Lyciens et la mort: Une étude d’histoire sociale (Varia Anatolica C. XIV). Paris.
  • Şenyurt, S. Y., Akçay, A., & Kamış, Y. (2006). Yüceören; Doğu Kilikya’da bir Hellenistik-Roma nekropolü (Yüceören: A Hellenistic–Roman necropolis in Eastern Cilicia). BTC Archaeological Rescue Excavations Publications.
  • Toynbee, J. M. C. (1971). Death and burial in the Roman world. London. Üngör, İ. (2015). A Roman settlement and the Tepeobası necropolis areas on the foothills of the Amanos Mountains. Black Sea Journal of Social Sciences, 7(12), 2–30.
  • Üngör, İ. (2024). Chamber tombs and the cult area of the Çerçili necropolis. Art-Sanat Journal, 21, 745–770.
  • Üngör, İ., Söylemez, B., Kalmış, G., Özyiğit, M., & Torun, R. (2024). Iron Age surveys in Gaziantep Province and its districts in 2022. In Proceedings of the 39th Research Results Meeting II (pp. 299–315). Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism Publications.
  • Yaman, H. (2019). Death in Zeugma: A survey of the tombs. Anadolu, 45, 139.
  • Zeyrek, T. H. (2007). Rock-cut tombs from the necropoleis of Yukarı Söğütlü. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2), 117–144.

A Roman Necropolis in Southern Commagene: Yarımca (Yavuzeli) Underground Rock Tombs

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1953 - 1987, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1698632

Abstract

The Yarımca Necropolis, located approximately 9 km east of Yavuzeli district of Gaziantep province, represents one of the most important examples of Roman funerary architecture in Southern Commagene. The Yarımca Necropolis, which was surveyed in 2022 and contains 13 underground chamber tombs, follows a standard Roman burial practice. All tombs have east-facing entrances, arcosoliums and staircases, providing a structural unity within the site. Reflecting standard Roman burial practices, these tombs carved into the limestone bedrock are similar to the necropolises of Doliche, Zeugma and Sogmatar in the region. A nearby cult site 100 m northeast of the burial site, containing damaged reliefs of the goddess Demeter and an eagle, possibly symbolising Zeus, carved on the bedrock surface, suggests the presence of religious rituals associated with death and deification. It is understood that the limestone bedrock covering the necropolis area was used as a quarry. The combination of architectural, iconographic and ritual elements underlines the role of the necropolis not only as a burial site, but also as a sacred space within the Roman cultural-religious landscape. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of Roman funerary traditions, death-related ritual practices and regional differences in Anatolia.

Project Number

SBA-2020-737

References

  • Albayrak, Y. (2017). Rock-cut tombs of the Şanlıurfa Kale Eteği necropolis. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi,, 36, 269–279.
  • Albayrak, Y. (2021). Rock-cut tomb architecture of the Soğmatar necropolis. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 52, 32–50.
  • Alföldi-Rosenbaum, E. (1971). The Necropolis of Anemurium. Turkish Historical Society Publications.
  • Al-Muheisen, Z. (2008). Archaeological excavations at the Yasileh site in northern Jordan: The necropolis. Syria. Archéologie, Art et Histoire, 85, 315–337.
  • Anabolu, M., & Usman. (1988). Temples of Demeter and Chthonic deities in Western Anatolia. In Proceedings of the 6th Research Results Meeting (pp. 121–140).
  • Baldıran, A., & Pehlivan, E. (2022). An evaluation of arcosolium tombs: Two examples from Lycaonia. AVRASYA International Journal of Research, 10, 153–168.
  • Biber, H., & Erdoğan, S. (2018). A Hellenistic–Roman period necropolis in Bulanık: Mollakent. Journal of Atatürk University Institute of Social Sciences, 22(2), 1029–1052.
  • Blömer, M. (2019). Monuments of the Roman Imperial period in the region of Commagene, God-kings on the banks of the Euphrates: New excavations and research in Commagene (pp. 245–265). Archaeology and Art Publications.
  • Borbonus, D. (2014). Columbarium tombs and collective identity in Augustan Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bosch, C. E. (1937). Das Anatolische in der Geschichte: Von Clemens Bosch. Devlet Basımevi.
  • Çelik, B., & Albayrak, Y. (2019). An eagle figure from Soğmatar. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 42, 60–67.
  • Çevik, N. (2000). Urartu kaya mezarları ve ölü gömme gelenekleri (Urartian rock tombs and burial traditions). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları(Turkish Historical Society Publications).
  • Çevik, N. (2021). Lykia Kitabı: Arkeolojisi, tarihi ve kültürüyle Batı Antalya (The Lycia book: Western Antalya with its archaeology, history, and culture). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları (Turkish Historical Society Publications).
  • De Jong, L. (2017). The archaeology of death in Roman Syria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Doğanay, O. (2009). İsauria Bölgesi kaya mezarları ve ölü gömme gelenekleri (Rock-cut tombs and burial traditions of the Isauria region). Çizgi Kitabevi Yayınları (Çizgi Bookstore Publications).
  • Dunand, F., & Lichtenberg, R. (2006). Mummies and Death in Egypt. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Durugönül, S. (1989). Die Felsreliefs im Rauhen Kilikien (BAR Int. Ser. 511). England.
  • Erarslan, F. (2001). Excavation and cleaning works at the Adıyaman Turuş rock-cut tombs. In Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Museum Studies and Rescue Excavations (pp. 263–272).
  • Ergeç, R. (1995). Ancient period necropoleis and tombs in the Southern Commagene region. (Doctoral dissertation, Selçuk University).
  • Ergeç, R., & Wagner, J. (2000). Doliche und Iupiter Dolichenus. In J. Wagner (Ed.), Gottkönige am Euphrat: Neue Ausgrabungen und Forschungen in Kommagene (pp. 85–91). Mainz.
  • Erhat, A. (1996). Dictionary of mythology. Remzi Bookstore.
  • Erlich, A., & Price, J. (2024). Newly found burial catacombs and inscriptions from the necropolis at Beth Sheʿarim. Journal for the Study of Judaism, 1(aop), 1–19.
  • Erten, E. (2005). The Mersin–Silifke–Olba survey, 2003. In Proceedings of the 22nd Research Results Meeting (pp. 11–22).
  • Graves, R. (2017). The Greek myths: The complete and definitive edition (Vol. 1). Penguin.
  • Hopkins, K. (1983). Death and renewal: Volume 2: Sociological studies in Roman history (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Işık, F. (2019). Uygarlık Anadolu’dan doğdu (Civilization was born in Anatolia). Akdeniz Ülkeleri Akademisi Vakfı Yayınları (Mediterranean Countries Academy Foundation Publications).
  • Jackson, R. (1988). Doctors and diseases in the Roman Empires. London: British Museum Publications.
  • Kalelioğlu, E. (1986). Physical geography of the Gaziantep region. Journal of Geographical Research, 3–4, 143–155.
  • Klein, E. (2015). Khirbat Deir Sallam (East). Hadashot Arkheologiyot: Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Kortanoğlu, R. E. (2006). Rock-cut tombs of the Mountainous Phrygia region in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. (Doctoral dissertation, Istanbul University).
  • Köroğlu, K. (2008). Urartu kaya mezar geleneği ve Doğu Anadolu’daki tek odalı kaya mezarlarının kökeni (The Urartian rock-cut tomb tradition and the origin of single-chamber rock-cut tombs in Eastern Anatolia). Arkeoloji ve Sanat (Art and Sanat), 21–38.
  • Kyle, D. G. (2012). Spectacles of death in Ancient Rome. London: Routledge.
  • Machatschek, A. (1967). Die Nekropolen und Grabmäler im Gebiet von Elaiussa Sebaste und Korykos im Rauhen Kilikien. Graz-Wien-Köln.
  • Sanders, C. S. (1902). Jupiter Dolichenus. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 23, 84–92.
  • Scarborough Er, Y. (1991). The funerary monuments of Cilicia Tracheia (Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University). UMI.
  • Schütte-Maischatz, A., & Winter, E. (2004). Doliche: Eine kommagenische Stadt und ihre Götter: Mithras und Iupiter Dolichenus. Bonn: Habelt.
  • Schweyer, A. V. (2002). Les Lyciens et la mort: Une étude d’histoire sociale (Varia Anatolica XIV). Paris. Sch weyer, A.-V. (2002). Les Lyciens et la mort: Une étude d’histoire sociale (Varia Anatolica C. XIV). Paris.
  • Şenyurt, S. Y., Akçay, A., & Kamış, Y. (2006). Yüceören; Doğu Kilikya’da bir Hellenistik-Roma nekropolü (Yüceören: A Hellenistic–Roman necropolis in Eastern Cilicia). BTC Archaeological Rescue Excavations Publications.
  • Toynbee, J. M. C. (1971). Death and burial in the Roman world. London. Üngör, İ. (2015). A Roman settlement and the Tepeobası necropolis areas on the foothills of the Amanos Mountains. Black Sea Journal of Social Sciences, 7(12), 2–30.
  • Üngör, İ. (2024). Chamber tombs and the cult area of the Çerçili necropolis. Art-Sanat Journal, 21, 745–770.
  • Üngör, İ., Söylemez, B., Kalmış, G., Özyiğit, M., & Torun, R. (2024). Iron Age surveys in Gaziantep Province and its districts in 2022. In Proceedings of the 39th Research Results Meeting II (pp. 299–315). Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism Publications.
  • Yaman, H. (2019). Death in Zeugma: A survey of the tombs. Anadolu, 45, 139.
  • Zeyrek, T. H. (2007). Rock-cut tombs from the necropoleis of Yukarı Söğütlü. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2), 117–144.

Güney Kommagene’de Bir Roma Nekropolü: Yarımca (Yavuzeli) Yer Altı Kaya Mezarları

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1953 - 1987, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1698632

Abstract

Gaziantep ili Yavuzeli ilçesinin yaklaşık 9 km doğusunda yer alan Yarımca Nekropolü, Güney Kommagene'deki Roma dönemi mezar mimarisinin önemli örneklerinden birini temsil etmektedir. 2022 yılında tarafımızca detaylı yüzey araştırmalarıyla incelenen ve içinde 13 yeraltı oda mezarı bulunan Yarımca Nekropolü, standart bir Roma gömü uygulamasını takip etmektedir. Tüm mezarların doğuya bakan girişleri, arcosoliumları ve merdivenleri vardır ve bu da alan içinde yapısal bir bütünlük sağlar. Standart Roma gömü uygulamalarını yansıtan bu kireçtaşı ana kayaya oyulmuş bu mezarlar, bölgedeki Doliche, Zeugma ve Soğmatar nekropolleriyle benzer özellikler göstermektedir. Mezarların bulunduğu alanın 100 m kuzeydoğusundaki ana kayaların yüzeyine işlenen tanrıça Demeter ve muhtemelen Zeus'u simgeleyen bir kartalın tahrip olmuş kabartmalarını içeren yakındaki bir kült alanı, ölüm ve tanrılaştırma ile ilişkili dini ritüellerin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Nekropol alanını kaplayan kalker ana kayaların taş ocağı olarak kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Sözkonusu mimari, ikonografik ve ritüel unsurların birleşimi, nekropol alanının yalnızca bir mezarlık alanı olarak değil, aynı zamanda Roma kültürel-dinsel peyzajı içinde kutsal bir alan olarak rolünün altını çizmektedir. Bu çalışma, Roma mezar geleneklerinin, ölümle ilgili ritüel uygulamaların ve Anadolu'daki bölgesel farklılıkların daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, anket, mülakat, deney, gözlem, görüşme vb. teknikler kullanılarak katılımcılardan veri toplanmasını gerektiren bir araştırma olmadığından ve herhangi bir insan veya hayvan deneyi içermediğinden dolayı etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir. Çalışmada kullanılan tüm kaynaklara uygun şekilde atıfta bulunulmuş, etik yayıncılık ilkelerine tam olarak uyulmuştur. Yazar, çalışmanın hazırlanması sürecinde akademik dürüstlük ilkelerini gözetmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

SBA-2020-737

References

  • Albayrak, Y. (2017). Rock-cut tombs of the Şanlıurfa Kale Eteği necropolis. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi,, 36, 269–279.
  • Albayrak, Y. (2021). Rock-cut tomb architecture of the Soğmatar necropolis. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 52, 32–50.
  • Alföldi-Rosenbaum, E. (1971). The Necropolis of Anemurium. Turkish Historical Society Publications.
  • Al-Muheisen, Z. (2008). Archaeological excavations at the Yasileh site in northern Jordan: The necropolis. Syria. Archéologie, Art et Histoire, 85, 315–337.
  • Anabolu, M., & Usman. (1988). Temples of Demeter and Chthonic deities in Western Anatolia. In Proceedings of the 6th Research Results Meeting (pp. 121–140).
  • Baldıran, A., & Pehlivan, E. (2022). An evaluation of arcosolium tombs: Two examples from Lycaonia. AVRASYA International Journal of Research, 10, 153–168.
  • Biber, H., & Erdoğan, S. (2018). A Hellenistic–Roman period necropolis in Bulanık: Mollakent. Journal of Atatürk University Institute of Social Sciences, 22(2), 1029–1052.
  • Blömer, M. (2019). Monuments of the Roman Imperial period in the region of Commagene, God-kings on the banks of the Euphrates: New excavations and research in Commagene (pp. 245–265). Archaeology and Art Publications.
  • Borbonus, D. (2014). Columbarium tombs and collective identity in Augustan Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bosch, C. E. (1937). Das Anatolische in der Geschichte: Von Clemens Bosch. Devlet Basımevi.
  • Çelik, B., & Albayrak, Y. (2019). An eagle figure from Soğmatar. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 42, 60–67.
  • Çevik, N. (2000). Urartu kaya mezarları ve ölü gömme gelenekleri (Urartian rock tombs and burial traditions). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları(Turkish Historical Society Publications).
  • Çevik, N. (2021). Lykia Kitabı: Arkeolojisi, tarihi ve kültürüyle Batı Antalya (The Lycia book: Western Antalya with its archaeology, history, and culture). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları (Turkish Historical Society Publications).
  • De Jong, L. (2017). The archaeology of death in Roman Syria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Doğanay, O. (2009). İsauria Bölgesi kaya mezarları ve ölü gömme gelenekleri (Rock-cut tombs and burial traditions of the Isauria region). Çizgi Kitabevi Yayınları (Çizgi Bookstore Publications).
  • Dunand, F., & Lichtenberg, R. (2006). Mummies and Death in Egypt. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Durugönül, S. (1989). Die Felsreliefs im Rauhen Kilikien (BAR Int. Ser. 511). England.
  • Erarslan, F. (2001). Excavation and cleaning works at the Adıyaman Turuş rock-cut tombs. In Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Museum Studies and Rescue Excavations (pp. 263–272).
  • Ergeç, R. (1995). Ancient period necropoleis and tombs in the Southern Commagene region. (Doctoral dissertation, Selçuk University).
  • Ergeç, R., & Wagner, J. (2000). Doliche und Iupiter Dolichenus. In J. Wagner (Ed.), Gottkönige am Euphrat: Neue Ausgrabungen und Forschungen in Kommagene (pp. 85–91). Mainz.
  • Erhat, A. (1996). Dictionary of mythology. Remzi Bookstore.
  • Erlich, A., & Price, J. (2024). Newly found burial catacombs and inscriptions from the necropolis at Beth Sheʿarim. Journal for the Study of Judaism, 1(aop), 1–19.
  • Erten, E. (2005). The Mersin–Silifke–Olba survey, 2003. In Proceedings of the 22nd Research Results Meeting (pp. 11–22).
  • Graves, R. (2017). The Greek myths: The complete and definitive edition (Vol. 1). Penguin.
  • Hopkins, K. (1983). Death and renewal: Volume 2: Sociological studies in Roman history (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Işık, F. (2019). Uygarlık Anadolu’dan doğdu (Civilization was born in Anatolia). Akdeniz Ülkeleri Akademisi Vakfı Yayınları (Mediterranean Countries Academy Foundation Publications).
  • Jackson, R. (1988). Doctors and diseases in the Roman Empires. London: British Museum Publications.
  • Kalelioğlu, E. (1986). Physical geography of the Gaziantep region. Journal of Geographical Research, 3–4, 143–155.
  • Klein, E. (2015). Khirbat Deir Sallam (East). Hadashot Arkheologiyot: Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Kortanoğlu, R. E. (2006). Rock-cut tombs of the Mountainous Phrygia region in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. (Doctoral dissertation, Istanbul University).
  • Köroğlu, K. (2008). Urartu kaya mezar geleneği ve Doğu Anadolu’daki tek odalı kaya mezarlarının kökeni (The Urartian rock-cut tomb tradition and the origin of single-chamber rock-cut tombs in Eastern Anatolia). Arkeoloji ve Sanat (Art and Sanat), 21–38.
  • Kyle, D. G. (2012). Spectacles of death in Ancient Rome. London: Routledge.
  • Machatschek, A. (1967). Die Nekropolen und Grabmäler im Gebiet von Elaiussa Sebaste und Korykos im Rauhen Kilikien. Graz-Wien-Köln.
  • Sanders, C. S. (1902). Jupiter Dolichenus. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 23, 84–92.
  • Scarborough Er, Y. (1991). The funerary monuments of Cilicia Tracheia (Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University). UMI.
  • Schütte-Maischatz, A., & Winter, E. (2004). Doliche: Eine kommagenische Stadt und ihre Götter: Mithras und Iupiter Dolichenus. Bonn: Habelt.
  • Schweyer, A. V. (2002). Les Lyciens et la mort: Une étude d’histoire sociale (Varia Anatolica XIV). Paris. Sch weyer, A.-V. (2002). Les Lyciens et la mort: Une étude d’histoire sociale (Varia Anatolica C. XIV). Paris.
  • Şenyurt, S. Y., Akçay, A., & Kamış, Y. (2006). Yüceören; Doğu Kilikya’da bir Hellenistik-Roma nekropolü (Yüceören: A Hellenistic–Roman necropolis in Eastern Cilicia). BTC Archaeological Rescue Excavations Publications.
  • Toynbee, J. M. C. (1971). Death and burial in the Roman world. London. Üngör, İ. (2015). A Roman settlement and the Tepeobası necropolis areas on the foothills of the Amanos Mountains. Black Sea Journal of Social Sciences, 7(12), 2–30.
  • Üngör, İ. (2024). Chamber tombs and the cult area of the Çerçili necropolis. Art-Sanat Journal, 21, 745–770.
  • Üngör, İ., Söylemez, B., Kalmış, G., Özyiğit, M., & Torun, R. (2024). Iron Age surveys in Gaziantep Province and its districts in 2022. In Proceedings of the 39th Research Results Meeting II (pp. 299–315). Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism Publications.
  • Yaman, H. (2019). Death in Zeugma: A survey of the tombs. Anadolu, 45, 139.
  • Zeyrek, T. H. (2007). Rock-cut tombs from the necropoleis of Yukarı Söğütlü. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2), 117–144.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Greek and Roman Period Archeology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Beyazıt Söylemez 0000-0001-6545-6349

Project Number SBA-2020-737
Submission Date May 13, 2025
Acceptance Date December 14, 2025
Publication Date December 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Söylemez, B. (2025). A Roman Necropolis in Southern Commagene: Yarımca (Yavuzeli) Underground Rock Tombs. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(3), 1953-1987. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1698632