Hollanda’daki Türklerin Diğer Göçmenlere Bakış Açısı ve Sosyal Uyumu. (Haarlem Şehri Örneği)

Abstract

Osmanlı Devleti ile Hollanda Krallığı arasında 1612 yılında başlayan ilk diplomatik ilişkiler, 19 Ağustos 1964’te imzalanan işgücü anlaşması ile göçmen ilişkilerinin devam edeceği bir yöne çevrilmiştir. Türkiye’den Hollanda’ya 1970’lerin sonuna kadar hızla artan bir işgücü göçü olmuştur. Avrupa Birliği (AB) kurucu ülkelerinden olan Hollanda zaman içerisinde göçmen almaya ve refah düzeyinin yüksek olması nedeniyle de tercih edilen ülkeler arasında olmaya devam etmektedir. AB için göç; işgücü açığı, azalan nüfusu nedeniyle süreklilik arz eden bir konu olduğu için bu açığı kapatmak adına dönem dönem göçmen alımını arttırmaktadırlar. Ancak göç konusu yönetilebilir ve düzenli yani resmi olduğu sürece çekicidir. Aksi takdirde seçemedikleri kişilerin ülkeye dahil olmaması için katı göç yasaları uygulayabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada Türklerin yoğun yaşadığı şehirlerden Haarlem’de Kartopu Yöntemi ile kişilere ulaşılmış ve derinlemesine mülakat ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile veriler yorumlanmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde Hollanda’daki Türklerin yaşadıkları ülkeye uyum sağladığı ve diğer göçmenlerle ilişkilerinde mesafeli oldukları, diğer göçmenlerin sayısının artmasından rahatsızlık duydukları, aynı zamanda diğer göçmenlerden çok Hollandalılarla yaşamak ve çalışmak istedikleri tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Hollanda,
• Haarlem,
• Türkiye,
• Göç,
• Sosyal Uyum

The Perspective and Integration of Turks in the Netherlands Towards Other Immigrants. (The Case of the City of Haarlem)

Abstract

The first diplomatic relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which began in 1612, were transformed into a direction that would continue migrant relations with the labour agreement signed on 19 August 1964. There was a rapidly increasing labour migration from Turkey to the Netherlands until the end of the 1970s. The Netherlands, one of the founding members of the European Union (EU), has continued to accept immigrants over time and remains one of the preferred countries due to its high standard of living. For the EU, immigration is a continuous issue due to labour shortages and a declining population, so they periodically increase immigration to fill this gap. However, migration is only attractive as long as it is manageable and regular, i.e. official. Otherwise, strict immigration laws can be enforced to prevent the entry of undesirable individuals. In this study, individuals in Haarlem, a city with a large Turkish population, were reached using the snowball method, and the data were interpreted using in-depth interviews and semi-structured interview techniques. The study found that Turks in the Netherlands have adapted to their host country and maintain a distance in their relationships with other immigrants. They feel uncomfortable with the increasing number of other immigrants and, at the same time, prefer to live and work with Dutch people rather than other immigrants.

Keywords

• Netherlands,
• Haarlem,
• Türkiye,
• Migration,
• Social Integration

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