Determinants Of Income Distribution In OECD Countries

Abstract

The global economic crisis of 2008, which had begun in the US real estate market and then spread to Europe as a debt crisis, has rekindled the discussion of income distribution. The reasons that lie behind the increasing gap between the top 1 percent of income earners and the bottom 99 percent, and the issues of how this inequality to be solved have usually been at the center of the discussion. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting income distribution in OECD countries. In the first place, the researches that have analyzed income distribution within the OECD are taken. Data such as Gini coefficient, labor force participation rate, change in real labor income, P80/P20 ratio in OECD countries are interpreted thereafter. Following this, an econometric analysis is applied to the determinants of income distribution in these countries. The study concludes that while factors such as age dependency ratio, economic globalization, and financialization grow inequality, increasing labour income shares and civil rights enable fair distribution.

Keywords

• Income Distribution,Globalization,Financialization,Wage

OECD Ülkelerinde Gelir Dağılımının Belirleyenleri

Öz

ABD emlak piyasasında başlayan daha sonra Avrupa’ya borç krizi olarak sirayet eden 2008 küresel krizi, gelir dağılımına ilişkin tartışmaları yeniden alevlendirmiştir. En üst %1’lik gelir grubuyla en alt %99’luk gelir grubu arasındaki artan farklılığın nedenleri ve eşitsizliğin nasıl çözüleceğine ilişkin konular tartışmaların genellikle merkezinde yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada amaç OECD ülkelerinde gelir dağılımını etkileyen faktörleri ortaya koymaktır. İlk başta OECD’de gelir dağılımını analiz eden çalışmalar ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra ise OECD ülkelerinde gini katsayısı, işgücüne katılım oranı, reel emek gelirlerindeki değişim, P80/P20 oranı gibi veriler yorumlanmıştır. Verilerin yorumlanmasından sonra OECD ülkelerinde gelir dağılımının belirleyenleri üzerine ekonometrik bir analiz uygulanmıştır.  Analiz sonucunda   yaş bağımlılık oranı, ekonomik küreselleşme ve finansallaşma gibi faktörlerin eşitsizliği artırdığı, emek gelirlerinin milli gelir içindeki payı ve sivil haklardaki artışın ise adaletli dağılıma olanak sağladığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gelir Dağılımı,Küreselleşme,Finansallaşma,Ücret

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