Abstract

The Lean Management Approach (LMA) is a philosophy based on eliminating elements that do not add value to the production process and reducing waste. Leadership is needed for the lean management philosophy to be successful for businesses. Ignoring the leadership element in the lean management philosophy may cause this approach to not fully achieve the expected benefit. In this respect, it is seen that there is an increasing need on lean leadership. In this sense, the aim of this research is to make a literature review about lean leadership and to concretize what lean leadership concept means. As a result of the study, it was observed that lean leadership activities were widely used in the improvement of processes in the health and production sectors. In this respect, it is thought that health institutions and other enterprises should take lean leadership in process designs and accordingly, they should direct their business activities.

Keywords

• Lean
• Lean Management
• Lean Leadership
• Manufacturing Sector
• Health Care Sector

Yalın Yönetim Bakış Açısıyla Yalın Liderlik

Öz

Yalın Yönetim Yaklaşımı (YYY), üretim sürecine değer katmayan unsurların ortadan kaldırılması ve israfın azaltılması temeline dayanan bir felsefedir. Yalın yönetim felsefesinin işletmeler açısından başarılı olması için liderliğe ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yalın yönetim felsefesinde liderlik unsurunun göz ardı edilmesi bu yaklaşımın tam anlamıyla beklenen yararı sağlayamamasına neden olabilmektedir. Bu açıdan yalın liderliğe ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu anlamda, bu araştırmanın amacı, yalın liderlik ile ilgili bir literatür incelemesi yapılarak yalın liderlik kavramının ne ifade ettiğinin somutlaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmanın sonucunda yalın liderlik faaliyetlerinin sağlık ve üretim sektörlerinde süreçlerin iyileştirilmesinde yaygın bir şekilde kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Bu açıdan sağlık kurumlarının ve diğer işletmelerin süreç tasarımlarında yalın liderliği dikkate almaları ve buna göre işletme faaliyetlerine yön verilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yalın
• Yalın Yönetim
• Yalın Liderlik
• Üretim Sektörü
• Sağlık Sektörü

References

1. Abdullah, F. (2003). Lean Manufacturing Tools and Techniques in the Process Industry with a Focus on Steel. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh School of Engineering, Doctoral Thesis, USA.
2. Achanga, P., Shehab, E., Roy, R. & Nelder, G. (2006), Critical success factors for lean implementation within SMEs. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 17(4), 460-471.
3. Aij, K. H., & Teunissen, M. (2017). Lean leadership attributes: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of health organization and management, 31(7/8), 713-729.
4. Aij, K. H., Visse, M., & Widdershoven, G. A. (2015). Lean leadership: an ethnographic study. Leadership in Health Services, 28(2), 119-134.
5. Alagaraja, M. (2014). A conceptual model of organizations as learning-performance systems integrative review of lean implementation literatüre. Human Resource Development Review, 13(2), 207-233.
6. Antonakis, J., Cianciolo, A.T., & Sternberg, R.J. (2004). The Nature of Leadership. SAGE Publications: London.
7. Antony, J., & Banuelas, R. (2002). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of Six Sigma program. Measuring Business Excellence, 6(4), 20-27, https://doi.org/10.1108/13683040210451679.
8. Arnheiter, E.D., & Maleyeff, J. (2005). The İntegration of Lean Management and Six Sigma. The TQM Magazine, 17(1), 5-18, https://doi.org/10.1108/09544780510573020.

9. Balcı, B.R. (2011). Yalın Düşünce Ve Muhasebe. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 13(1), 39-58.
10. Banger, G., & Çalışır, G. (2011). Yalın İş Modeli İnovasyonu. Kongre Bildirisi, 7. KOBİ’ler ve Verimlilik Kongresi, 25-26 Ekim, İstanbul.
11. Behrouzi, F., & Wong, K.Y. (2011). Lean Peformance Evaluation of Manufacturing Systems: A Dynamic and Innovative Approach. Procedia Computer Science, 3, 388-395.
12. Bhasin, S. (2012). An appropriate change strategy for lean success. Management Decision, 50(3), 439-458.
13. Çilhoroz, Y., & Arslan, İ. (2018). Yalın Yönetim Yaklaşımı Ve Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Uygulamaları. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(32), 156-185.
14. D’Andreamatteo, A., Ianni, L., Lega, F., & Sargiacomo, M. (2015). Lean in healthcare: a comprehensive review. Health policy, 119(9), 1197-1209.
15. Dahlgaard-Park, S.M. (2000). From ancient philosophies to TQM and modern management theories. Thesis No. FiF-a 31, Sweden: Linko¨ping University
16. Dombrowski, U., & Mielke, T. (2013). Lean leadership–fundamental principles and their application. Procedia CIRP, 7, 569-574.
17. Dombrowski, U., & Mielke, T. (2014). Lean leadership–15 rules for a sustainable lean implementation. Procedia CIRP, 17, 565-570.
18. Emiliani, M.L. & Stec, D.J. (2004). Using value-stream maps to improve leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25(8), 622-645.
19. Emiliani, M.L. (2003). Linking leaders’ beliefs to their behaviors and competencies. Management Decision, 41(9), 893-910.
20. Emiliani, M.L. (2006). Origins of lean management in America The Role of Connecticut Businesses. Journal of Management History, 12(2), 167-184. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552520610654069.
21. Erdem, S., & Aksoy, K. (2009). Implementıng Lean Service Operations: A Case Study From Turkish Banking Industry. İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 171-198.
22. Fillingham, D. (2008). Lean healthcare: improving the patient’s experience. Chichester: Kingsham Press.
23. Fine, B. A., Golden, B., Hannam, R., & Morra, D. (2009). Leading Lean: A Canadian Healthcare Leader’s Guide. Healthcare Quarterly, 12(3), 32-41.
24. Found, P., & Harvey, R. (2007). Leading the lean enterprise. Engineering Management, 17(1), 40–43. doi:10.1049/em:20070110.
25. Fullerton, R.R., Kennedy, F.A., & Widener. (2014). Lean Manufacturing And Firm Performance: The Incrementalcontribution of Lean Management Accounting Practices. Journal of Operations Management, 32, 414-428.
26. Goodridge, D., Westhorp, G., Rotter, T., Dobson, R. and Bath, B. (2015), Lean and leadership practices: development of an initial realist program theory. BMC Health Services Research, 15(362), doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-1030-x.
27. Google Scholar. (2019). Yalın Liderlik. https://scholar.google.com.tr/scholar?start=10&q=yal%C4%B1n+liderlik&hl=tr&as_sdt=0,5. Erişim Tarihi: 19.04.2019.
28. Graban, M. (2018). Yalın Hastane: Kalite, Hasta Güvenliği ve Çalışan Memnuniyetini Artırmak (çev: Pınar Şengözer). İstanbul: Optimist Yayınları.
29. Hicks, B.J. (2007). Lean Information Management: Understanding And Eliminating Waste. International Journal Of Information Management, 27, 233–249.
30. Hodge, G.L., Ross, K.G., Joines, K.A., & Thoney, K. (2011). Adapting Lean Manufacturing Principles To The Textile Industry. Production Planning and Control, 22(3), 237-247, DOI: 10.1080/09537287.2010.498577.
31. Holden, R. J. (2011). Lean thinking in emergency departments: a critical review. Annals of emergency medicine, 57(3), 265-278.
32. Holmemo, M.D.Q. & Ingvaldsen, J.A. (2015). Bypassing the dinosaurs? – How middle managers become the missing link in lean implementation. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 27(11-12), 1332-1345.
33. Jackson, T., & Jones, K.R. (1996). Implementing a Lean Management System. USA: Productivity Press.
34. King, D.L., Ben-Tovim, D.I., & J. Bassham (2006). Redesigning emergency department patient flows: Application of Lean Thinking to health care. EMA - Emerg. Med. Australas, 18(4), 391–397.
35. Liker J.K. (2005). Droga Toyoty, Warszawa: MT Biznes.
36. Liker, J. K., & Trachilis, G. (2014). Developing lean leaders at all levels: A practical guide. Lean Leadership Institute Publ.
37. Liker, J.K. (2004). The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the World's Greatest Manufacturer. USA: McGraw-Hill.
38. Mann, D. (2009). The missing link: Lean leadership. Frontiers of health services management, 26(1), 15-26.
39. Marodin, G.A. and Saurin, T.A. (2015), Classification and relationships between risks that affect lean production implementation: a study in Southern Brazil. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 26(1), 57-79.
40. Melton, T. (2005). The benefits of lean manufacturing: what lean thinking has to offer the process industries. Chemical engineering research and design, 83(6), 662-673.
41. Michalska, J., & Szewieczek, D. (2007). The 5S Methodology as a Tool for Improving the Organization. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, 24(2), 211-214.
42. Mulders, K. (2016). Embracing Lean leadership: an empirical study on the interaction between Lean leadership principles and a successful Lean implementation at the team-level of analysis. Master thesis, Tilburg:.Tilburg University,
43. Nordin, N., Deros, B. M., Wahab, D. A., & Rahman, M. N. A. (2012). A framework for organisational change management in lean manufacturing implementation. International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 12(1), 101-117.
44. Novis, D.A. (2008). Reducing Errors in the Clinical Laboratory: A Lean Production System Approach. Labmedicine, 39(9), 521-529.
45. Özkol, A. E. (2004). Yalın Düşünce Ve İsrafın Tekdüzen Muhasebe Sistemi Çerçevesinde Kaydı: Bir Yaklaşım Ve Örnek Uygulama. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 119-138.
46. Poksinska, B., Swartling, D. and Drotz, E. (2013), The daily work of lean leaders – lessons from manufacturing and healthcare. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 24(7-8), 886-898. PubMed. (2019). Lean Leadership. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=%22lean+leadership%22. Erişim Tarihi: 19.04.2019.
47. Radnor, Z. J. (2010). Review of Business Process Improvement Methodologies in Public Services. UK: AIM Research.
48. Radnor, Z., & Johnston, R. (2013). Lean in UK Government: Internal Efficiency or Customer Service?. Production Planning & Control, 24(10-11), 903-915, DOI: 10.1080/09537287.2012.666899.
49. Radnor, Z.J., Holweg, M., & Waring, J. (2012). Lean in healthcare: The unfilled promise?. Social Science & Medicine, 74, 364-371.
50. Rossiter, D.E. (2004). Leadership Skills. New York: Ferguson.
51. Schonberger, R. (1982). Japanese Manufacturing Techniques: Nine Hidden Lessons in Simplicity. New York: Simon and Schuster.
52. Seidel, A., Saurin, T. A., Marodin, G. A., & Ribeiro, J. L. D. (2017). Lean leadership competencies: a multi-method study. Management Decision, 55(10), 2163-2180.
53. Spear, S.J. (2005). Fixing health care from the inside, today. Harv. Bus. Rev., 83(9), 78.
54. Sugimori, Y., Kusunoki, K., Cho, F. and Uchikawa, S. (1977), Toyota production system and kanban system materialization of just-in-time and respect-for-human system. The International Journal of Production Research, 15(6), 553-564.
55. Thompson, D.N., Wolf, G.A., & S. J. Spear. (2003). Driving improvement in patient care: lessons from Toyota. J. Nurs. Adm., 33(11), 585–595.
56. Toussaint, J. S., & Berry, L. L. (2013). The promise of Lean in health care. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 88(1), 74-82.
57. Trenkner, M. (2016). Implementation of lean leadership. Management, 20(2), 129-142.
58. Tsao, C.C.Y., & Beikmann, B. (2012). Improve healthcare design development. Conference Paper, 20th Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, IGLC 2012; San Diego, CA; United States; 17 July 2012 through 22 July 2012.
59. Uğurluoğlu, Ö. (2010). Kendi Kendine Liderlik Stratejileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 175-191.
60. Web of Science. (2019). Lean Leadership. https://apps.webofknowledge.com/Search.do?product=WOS&SID=E6G9AjyAZsrtlEDLJB4&search_mode=GeneralSearch&prID=97dae7e5-3565-4150-bdfe-2e1bc33b07a1. Erişim Tarihi: 19.04.2019.
61. Woehrle, S.L., & Abou-Shady, L (2010). Using Dynamic Value Stream Mapping And Lean Accounting Box Scores To Support Lean Implementation. American Journal of Business Education, 3(8), 67-75.
62. Womack, J. P., Womack, J. P., Jones, D. T., & Roos, D. (1990). Machine that changed the world. Simon and Schuster.
63. Womack, J.P., & Jones, D.T. (2003). Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation. USA: Free Press.
64. Yan, Z., Wang, J., & Fan, J. (2014). Machine-cell and Part-family Formation in Cellular Manufacturing Using a Two-phase Clustering Algorithm. Proceedings of the 19th World Congress The International Federation of Automatic Control. August 24-29, Cape Town, South Africa, 2605-2610.
65. Young, T., Brailsford, S., Connell, C., Davies, R., Harper, P., & Klein, J.H. (2004). Using industrial processes to improve patient care. BMJ, 328(7432), 162–164.
66. Yukl, G. A. (2001). Leadership in organizations. National College for School Leadership.