Sosyal Sağlık Bileşeni Olarak Sosyal Destek ve Ailenin Rolü

Abstract

Toplumsal ilişkilerin ve etkileşimlerin sürdürülmesinde yapı taşı olarak nitelendirilen aile, bir aracı kurum olarak vazifesini sürdürmektedir. Çalışma sosyal sorunlarla baş etme kapasitelerini kullanarak toplumsal iyilik halinin sağlanmasında ve/veya sosyal sağlığın korunmasında ailenin etkin aktör olarak konumunu belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. O nedenle sosyal sağlığın bileşeni olan sosyal desteğin aile kurumundaki değerine dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışma söylem analizi yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sosyal sağlık ve sosyal destek alanındaki literatür çalışmaları incelenmiş ve aile bağlamında ilişki düzeyi ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmada, bireylerin tam bir iyilik halinin sağlanması, baş etme kapasitelerinin güçlendirilmesi ve sosyal işlevselliklerinin kazanımında rol üstlenen sosyal sağlık için sosyal desteğin etkin bir araç olduğu ortaya konmaktadır. Aile ve üyelerince sunulan sosyal destek ise sosyal sağlığa en etkin katkının adresidir.

Keywords

• Sosyal Sağlık
• Aile
• Sosyal Destek
• Sorunlarla Başetme

Social Support as A Social Health Component and The Role of The Family

Abstract

Described as a building block in maintaining social relations and interactions, the family continues to serve as an intermediary institution. The study aims to determine the position of the family as an active actor in ensuring social well-being and / or protection of social health by using their capacities to deal with social problems. Therefore, that draws attention to the value of social support, which is a component of social health, in the family institution. The research was carried out by discourse analysis method. Literature studies in the field of social health and social support were examined and the level of relationship in the family context was revealed. The study reveals that social support is an effective tool for social health, which plays a role in achieving the full well-being of individuals, strengthening their coping capacities and gaining social functionality. Social support also offered by family and members is the address of the most effective contribution to social health.

Keywords

• Social Health
• Family
• Social Support
• Coping with Problems

References

1. Abachizadeh, K., Omidnia, S., Memaryan, N., Nasehi, AA., Rasouli, M., Tayefi, B. & Nikfarjam, A. (2013). Determining dimensions of Iranians’ individual social health: A qualitative approach. Iranian J Publ Health, 42(1), 88-92.
2. Asnani, V., Pandey, U. D., & Sawhney, M. (2004). Social support and occupational health of working women. Journal of Health Management, 6(2), 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/097206340400600204
3. Brooks, A. T., Andrade, R. E., Middleton, K. R., & Wallen, G. R. (2014). Social support: A key variable for health promotion and chronic disease management in Hispanic patients with rheumatic diseases. Clinical Medicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders, 7, https://doi.org/10.4137/CMAMD.S13849
4. Carlson, B. E., McNutt, L.-A., Choi, D. Y., & Rose, I. M. (2002). Intimate partner abuse and mental health. Violence Against Women, 8(6), 720-745. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778010222183251
5. Cohen, S. (2004). Social relationships and health. American Psychologist, 59(8), 676-684. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.8.676
6. Deatrick, J. A. (2017). Where is “family” in the social determinants of health? Implications for family nursing practice, research, education, and policy. Journal of Family Nursing, 23(4), 423-433. https://doi.org/10.1177/1074840717735287
7. Florian, V., & Krulik, T. (1991). Loneliness and social support of mothers of chronically ill children. Social Science & Medicine, 32(11), 1291-1296. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(91)90045-E
8. Gottlieb, B. H., & Bergen, A. E. (2010). Social support concepts and measures. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 69(5), 511-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.10.001

9. Haavio-Mannila, E. (1976). Social linkages used by migrant and nonmigrant families in solving health, work and economic problems. Acta Sociologica, 19(4), 325–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/000169937601900403
10. Illich, I. (2011). Sağlığın gaspı. (S. Sertabiboğlu, Çev.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
11. Jakab, Z. (2011, October), Designing the road to better health and well-being in Europe. 14th European Health Forum Gastein, Austria. (Erişim: 02.12.2019), http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/152184/RD_Dastein_speech_wellbeing_07Oct.pdf
12. Larkin, M. (2011). Social aspects of health, illness and healthcare. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
13. Lindström, M. (2008). Social capital and health-related behaviors. I. Kawachi, S. V. Subramanian & D. Kim (Ed.), Social capital and health içinde (ss. 215-238). New York: Springer.
14. Marmot, M. & Wilkinson, R. (2006). Social determinants of health. New York: Oxford University Press.
15. Minkler, M. (1986). The social component of health. American Journal of Health Promotion, 1(2), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-1.2.33
16. Oliver, M. (1996). Understanding disability: From theory to practice. London: Macmillan Education.
17. Reinhardt, J. P. (1996). The importance of friendship and family support in adaptation to chronic vision impairment. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 51B(5), P268-P278. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/51B.5.P268
18. Smith, J. R. P. (1982). Social health concepts for family practice. Social Casework, 63(6), 363-369. https://doi.org/10.1177/104438948206300606
19. Stamnes, J. H. (2000). Social support, social network and health: Presentation of findings, and integration of accumulated knowledge in the the clinical field. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research, 20(4), 23-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/010740830002000405
20. Thanakwang, K. & Soonthorndhada, K. (2011). Mechanisms by which social support networks influence healthy aging among Thai community-dwelling elderly. Journal of Aging and Health, 23(8), 1352-1378. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264311418503
21. Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145-161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510395592
22. Uchino, B. N., Uno, D. & Holt-Lunstad, J. (1999). Social support, physiological processes, and health. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8(5), 145-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00034
23. WHO. (1948). (Erişim: 03.01.2019), https://www.unh.edu/health-services/ohep/social-wellness
24. Wilkinson, R. & Marmot, M. (Ed.). (2003). Social determinants of health: The solid facts. Copenhagen: World Health Organization.