Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization

Hakan Kartal; Naif Geboloğlu

doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1723011

Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization

Abstract

This study was conducted in 2020-2021 in the field conditions of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University. The study, effects of different compost (tomato-apple-grape) applications on yield, quality, soil properties of tomato plants, and second crop spinach cultivation were examined under field conditions. The experiment was carried out according to randomised blocks design with 3 replications. In this study, 18 different treatments including control (with/without fertilizer) [(T0) Control (no fertilizer); (T1) Control + NPK; (T2) 10 t/ha Tomato compost; (T3) 20 t/ha Tomato compost; (T4) 10 t/ha Apple compost; (T5) 20 t/ha Apple compost; (T6) 10 t/ha Grape compost; (T7) 20 t/ha Grape compost; (T8) 10 t/ha Farmyard manure; (T9) 20 t/ha Farmyard manure; (T10) 10 t/ha Tomato compost + NPK; (T11) 20 t/ha Tomato compost + NPK; (T12) 10 t/ha Apple compost + NPK; (T13) 20 t/ha Apple compost + NPK; (T14) 10 t/ha Grape compost + NPK; (T15) 20 t/ha Grape compost + NPK; (T16) 10 t/ha Farmyard manure + NPK and (T17) 20 t/ha Farmyard manure + NPK] were applied. At the end of the study, compost treatments provided a significant yield increase compared to the control treatment. Especially tomato, and grape compost applied at the same dose provided more increase in yield compared to farmyard manure. NPK fertilizer application, together with compost or farmyard manure, also increased yield. In spinach cultivation in the same plots after tomato harvest, the highest biomass was obtained from the plots with farmyard manure, and grape compost application. When spinach was grown without any fertilisation after farmyard manure, and compost application, 555.76% increase in biomass was obtained in farmyard manure application compared to control, and 376.25% increase compared to NPK fertilisation, 541.53% increase was obtained in compost application compared to control, and 366.62% increase was obtained compared to NPK fertilisation. The use of compost in tomato, and second crop spinach cultivation under field conditions provided a significant yield increase in both tomato, and spinach. At the same time, it was found that using compost and farmyard manure increased the soil's organic matter content and levels of some macronutrients, but only had a limited effect on the soil's pH value. Examining the quality characteristics of tomato fruit revealed that the applications had a positive effect on important parameters such as soluble dry matter content. These results demonstrate that composting not only increases yield, but also has a lasting positive effect on the cultivation of subsequent crops by improving soil fertility and product quality.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Commission with project number 2021/28.

Project Number

2021/28

Ethical Statement

The present study does not necessitate the approval of an ethics committee.

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Zhou W, Wen S, Zhang Y, Gregory A S, Xu M, Shah S A A, Zhang W, Wu Hand & Hartley L P (2022). Long-term fertilization enhances soil carbon stability by increasing the ratio of passive carbon: evidence from four typical croplands. Plant and Soil, 478: 579–595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05488-0

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Vegetable Growing and Treatment

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Hakan Kartal ^*
0000-0002-3870-1588
Türkiye

Naif Geboloğlu
0000-0003-2495-7088
Türkiye

Publication Date

July 28, 2026

Submission Date

June 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 6, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 32 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1723011

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA86PS45DF

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Kartal, H., & Geboloğlu, N. (2026). Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32(3), 611-627. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1723011

AMA

1.Kartal H, Geboloğlu N. Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization. J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili. 2026;32(3):611-627. doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1723011

Chicago

Kartal, Hakan, and Naif Geboloğlu. 2026. “Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization”. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 32 (3): 611-27. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1723011.

EndNote

Kartal H, Geboloğlu N (July 1, 2026) Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 32 3 611–627.

IEEE

[1]H. Kartal and N. Geboloğlu, “Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization”, J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 611–627, July 2026, doi: 10.15832/ankutbd.1723011.

ISNAD

Kartal, Hakan - Geboloğlu, Naif. “Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization”. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 32/3 (July 1, 2026): 611-627. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1723011.

JAMA

1.Kartal H, Geboloğlu N. Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization. J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili. 2026;32:611–627.

MLA

Kartal, Hakan, and Naif Geboloğlu. “Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization”. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 32, no. 3, July 2026, pp. 611-27, doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1723011.

Vancouver

1.Hakan Kartal, Naif Geboloğlu. Testing Soil Fertility, Tomato Yield and Quality, and Residual Spinach Performance under Integrated Fruit-Waste Compost, Manure and NPK Fertilization. J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili. 2026 Jul. 1;32(3):611-27. doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1723011