Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources

Bengü Temizel

doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1767743

Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources

Abstract

The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts obtained using different solvents (hexane, acetone and methanol) from two freshwater green microalgae species Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp., commonly found in Türkiye. In addition to antioxidant and antimicrobial assays, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), chlorophyll (Chl a and b) and total carotenoid levels were quantitatively determined. A qualitative phytochemical screening was also conducted to detect the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids and glycosides. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging and CUPRAC reducing power assays. The three solvents of different polarity, methanol extract was the most efficient and had the highest extraction efficiency (17%). The hexane extract of Scenedesmus sp. showed the highest DPPH scavenging activity (lowest IC₅₀), while the methanol extract of Chlorella sp. exhibited the strongest reducing power in the CUPRAC assay. Antimicrobial activity, evaluated using the disc diffusion method, revealed that the acetone and methanol extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity, particularly against E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Candida albicans. The highest TPC values were observed in the methanol extracts: 55.95 mg GAE/g for Chlorella sp. and 70.24 mg GAE/g for Scenedesmus sp. Similarly, the methanol extract of Chlorella sp. exhibited the highest TFC (73.41 mg QE/g), while Scenedesmus sp. showed a lower flavonoid content (16.16 mg QE/g). Chlorophyll levels were relatively similar across all solvent extracts. These findings highlight the potential of Chlorella and Scenedesmus species as valuable sources of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents, with solvent type significantly influencing their bioactive compound profiles and biological activities.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Giresun University

Project Number

No project.

Ethical Statement

Not applicable

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Hydrobiology, Freshwater Ecology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Bengü Temizel ^*
0000-0002-5217-3013
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 24, 2026

Submission Date

August 18, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 2, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 32 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1767743

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA88AJ26HT

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Temizel, B. (2026). Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32(2), 336-346. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1767743

AMA

1.Temizel B. Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources. J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili. 2026;32(2):336-346. doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1767743

Chicago

Temizel, Bengü. 2026. “Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella Sp. And Scenedesmus Sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources”. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 32 (2): 336-46. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1767743.

EndNote

Temizel B (March 1, 2026) Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 32 2 336–346.

IEEE

[1]B. Temizel, “Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources”, J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 336–346, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.15832/ankutbd.1767743.

ISNAD

Temizel, Bengü. “Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella Sp. And Scenedesmus Sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources”. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 32/2 (March 1, 2026): 336-346. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1767743.

JAMA

1.Temizel B. Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources. J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili. 2026;32:336–346.

MLA

Temizel, Bengü. “Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella Sp. And Scenedesmus Sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources”. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 32, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 336-4, doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1767743.

Vancouver

1.Bengü Temizel. Solvent-Dependent Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Extracts from Freshwater Sources. J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili. 2026 Mar. 1;32(2):336-4. doi:10.15832/ankutbd.1767743