Effects of Sowing Date, Cultivar and Chitosan on Quality and Quantity of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Oil

Abstract

The effects of cultivars and sowing date along with chitosan application on oil yield, yield components and fatty acids of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), were investigated. Five cultivars (RGS003, Sarigol, Zafar, Dalgan, and Julius) were sown in three sowing dates (October 7, 17, and 27), for two years (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). A factorial split-plot experiment was conducted in a complete randomized blocks design with three replications, where the sowing dates and the two levels of chitosan (0 {control} and 0.2% concentrations) were allotted to main plots and the cultivars were allotted to subplots. ANOVA revealed a significant (P<0.01) effects of the three studied factors on studied characters. Sarigol cultivar had the highest amount of seed yield (4447 kg ha-1), seed oil (45.51%) and biological yield (15672 kg ha-1). These characters had the highest values in the first sowing date. Application of chitosan solution increased the amount of seed yield from 3916 to 4233 (kg ha-1), seed oil from 44.83 to 45.24% and biological yield from 13628 to 14797 (kg ha-1). Delayed sowing dates, increased the linolenic and erucic acids and decreased the palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids. The results of the present study indicated that early sowing date and chitosan application had positive effects on the quantity and quality of rapeseed oil. Cluster analysis divided the cultivars into two main clusters. The PCA revealed that the three first PC confirmed about 96% of the total variance among the studied cultivars.

Keywords

• Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.),seed oil,biological yield,year

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