Essential Oils and Phenolic Compounds, Antiradical and Antioxidant Activities of Distillation Products in Oil-bearing Rose Rosa damascena Mill.

Abstract

Oil-bearing rose Rosa damascena Mill. is one of the most strongly scented rose species, producing a high-value aromatic oil, which is used in the fragrance and cosmetic industries. In this research, developing the usage of natural and healthy products of oil-bearing rose and evaluating waste of distillation products were aimed. From this point of view, the main target in the study was to determine the essential oil and phenolic compounds, antiradical and antioxidant activities of rose oil and rose water as basic products, and also residue water as a waste product obtained in the distillation process of fresh oil-bearing flowers. Oil-bearing rose flowers were collected early in the morning hours of the days during the harvesting and processing season May and June from the research garden of the Rose and Rose Products Research Application Center GULAR at Süleyman Demirel University and then rose oil, rose water and residue water were obtained from the fresh rose flowers by using Clevenger type hydro-distillation apparatus. Essential oil compounds were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry GC/MS . After phenolic extractions in the distillation products, total phenolics, flavanol and flavonol contents were analysed by spectrophotometric methods and phenolic compounds were determined by high performance liquid chromatography HPLC . Antioxidant capacity was assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant power FRAP method, and antiradical activity was made by 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl DPPH method. Appreciation of the total results, citronellol in rose oil 35.27% and phenylethyl alcohol in rose water and residue water 60.71% and 90.32%, respectively were the main essential oil compounds. Rose oil had a rich content phenolics. On the other hand rose water contained more phenolic compounds according to the residue water. Antiradical and antioxidant activity were found high in the distillation products of oil-bearing rose. Rose oil and residue water among the distillation products had a higher antiradical and antioxidant activity when compared with rose water. As a conclusion, the results indicate that residue water as a large scale waste product during the hydro-distillation, can be evaluated for natural antioxidant sources to obtain economical gain

Keywords

• Oil rose,Distillation products,Phenolic compounds,Antiradical and antioxidant activity

Yağ Gülü Rosa damascena Mill. ’nde Distilasyon Ürünlerinin Uçucu Yağ ve Fenolik Madde İçerikleri ile Antiradikal ve Antioksidan Aktiviteleri

Abstract

Yağ gülü Rosa damascena Mill. , sahip olduğu yüksek kalitedeki aromatik bileşenler nedeniyle parfüm ve kozmetik endüstrisinde değerlendirilen en önemli kokulu gül türüdür. Yağ gülünde doğal ve sağlıklı ürün çeşitliliğinin artırılması, kullanım alanlarının genişletilmesi ve damıtma atıklarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülen bu araştırmada, taze yağ gülü çiçeklerinin damıtılma sürecinde elde edilen gül yağı ve gül suyu gibi temel ve posa suyu gibi atık damıtma ürünlerinin uçucu yağ ve fenolik madde içerikleri ile antiradikal ve antioksidan aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Gül ve Gül Ürünleri Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezine GÜLAR ait yağ gülü Rosa damascena Mill. araştırma bahçesinden gül toplama ve damıtma sezonunda Mayıs ve Haziran sabah erken saatlerde toplanan taze yağ gülü çiçekleri Clevenger hidro-distilasyon cihazında damıtılarak gül yağı, gül suyu ve posa suyu elde edilmiş ve bu ürünlerde uçucu yağ bileşenleri gaz kromatografisi/kütle spektrometresi GC/MS kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca elde edilen bu distilasyon ürünlerinde fenolik madde ekstraksiyonları da yapılarak, toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavanol ve toplam flavonol içerikleri spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle, fenolik bileşik içerikleri de yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi HPLC ile belirlenmiştir. Ekstraktların antioksidan ve antiradikal aktivitelerini belirlemek için de sırasıyla demir indirgeme gücü FRAP yöntemi ile 1,1-difenil-2-pikril-hidrazil DPPH yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, gül yağında sitronellol % 35.27 , gül suyu ve posa suyunda ise feniletil alkolün sırasıyla % 60.71 ve % 90.32 en önemli uçucu yağ bileşeni olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fenolik madde içerikleri bakımından bir değerlendirme yapıldığında ise gül yağının zengin bir içeriğe sahip olduğu, posa suyunun da gül suyuna göre daha fazla fenolik bileşik içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak gül ürünlerinin yüksek antiradikal ve antioksidan aktiviteye sahip olduğu, ancak distilasyon ürünleri arasında gül yağı ve posa suyunun gül suyuna göre daha yüksek antiradikal ve antioksidan etkiler gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda özellikle distilasyon sürecinde atık ürün olarak elde edilen posa suyunun doğal antioksidan kaynağı olarak ekonomiye kazandırılabileceği öngörülmüştür

Keywords

• Yağ gülü,Distilasyon ürünleri,Fenolik bileşikler,Antiradikal ve antioksidan aktivite

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