Yarı Nemli İklimde Farklı Gelişme Dönemlerinde Uygulanan Tam ve Kısıntılı Sulamanın Soya Fasulyesinin Verim ve Kalitesine Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yarı nemli iklim koşulları altında iki yıl süreyle soya fasulyesinin farklı gelişme dönemlerinde uygulanan tam ve kısıntılı sulamaya verim ve kalite tepkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme konularının oluşturulmasında soya fasulyesi bitkisinin dört kritik gelişme dönemi vejetatif; V, çiçeklenme; Ç, bakla oluşumu; B ve tane gelişimi; T dönemleri dikkate alınmıştır. Buna göre, 13 farklı sulama konusu 1 tam ve 12 kısıntılı sulama ve susuz konu olmak üzere 14 deneme konusu oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre; kısıntılı sulama, soya fasulyesi tane verimi, yağ oranı, protein oranı ve belirli agronomik parametreler üzerine önemli düzeyde etki göstermiştir. En yüksek tane verimi 4004 kg ha-1 tam sulama konusundan VÇBT konusu, her 7 günde bir 0-90 cm derinliğindeki mevcut nemi tarla kapasitesine tamamlayacak miktarda sulama suyu uygulanması , en düşük tane verimi 1974 kg ha-1 , tam sulama konusu ile karşılaştırıldığında % 50.6 azalma ile susuz konudan elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, en düşük yağ oranı % 19.1 ve en yüksek protein oranı % 33.6 susuz konuda ölçülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, VÇBT konusunun yarı-nemli iklim koşulları altında en yüksek tane verimine ulaşmak için en iyi seçim olabileceği, ancak su ücreti yüksek ve/veya su kıt olduğunda, sulama programlarının tekrar ele alınmasının gerektiği, böyle koşullarda, vejetatif gelişme döneminde su kısıntısına yönelik bir sulama programının uygulanabileceği belirlenmiştir

Keywords

• Kısıntılı sulama
• Soya fasulyesi
• Tane verimi
• Verim bileşenleri
• Yağ oranı
• Protein oranı

Yield and Quality Response of Soybean to Full and Deficit Irrigation at Different Growth Stages under Sub-Humid Climatic Conditions

Abstract

This study investigated the yield and quality response of soybean [Glycine max L. Merr.] to full and deficit irrigation applied at different growth stages under sub-humid climate conditions over a two-year period. A rain-fed non-irrigated treatment and 13 different irrigation treatments 1 full and 12 deficit irrigations were applied to soybeans at four critical development stages: vegetative V , flowering F , pod formation P and seed enlargement S . Deficit irrigation had a significant effect on seed yield, crude oil content, crude protein content and various agronomic parameters. The highest seed yield 4004 kg ha-1 was obtained with full irrigation based on the replenishment of 100% of soil water depletion from a soil depth of 90 cm at 7-day intervals throughout the development period and the lowest 1974 kg ha-1 with the rain-fed treatment, with a 50.6% difference in average yield between full irrigation VFPS and rain-fed treatments. The rain-fed treatment also resulted in the lowest crude oil content 19.1% and the highest crude protein content 33.6% . As a result, it may be concluded that while VFPS treatment may be the best choice for maximum yield under local conditions, irrigation schedules should be reconsidered when water cost is high and/or water is scarce; in such cases, an irrigation schedule that includes water deficit at the vegetative development stage can be applied

Keywords

• Deficit irrigation
• Soybean
• Seed yield
• Yield components
• Crude oil content
• Crude protein content

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