Patlıcanda Akar Acari Biyolojik Çeşitliliği ve Baskın Türlerin Popülasyon Dalgalanması

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin farklı ekolojilerine sahip Bursa ve Ankara illerinde patlıcanlarda 2009-2011 yıllarında akar tür çeşitliliği ve baskın akar türlerinin popülasyon dalgalanmasını saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmada saptanan 32 tür içinden bitki zararlısı Tetranychus urticae Koch Acari: Tetranychidae ve avcı Neoseiulus californicus McGregor Acari: Phytoseiidae baskın türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Acari takımı içinde Phytoseiidae 11 türle en zengin familya olmasına rağmen, sadece beş türe sahip Tetranychidae familyası tüm örneklerin % 85’ini oluşturmuştur. Kozmopolit bitki zararlısı tür T. urticae ile avcı tür Neopronematus rapidus Kuznetsov Acari: Iolinidae her iki ilde de saptanırken, diğer türlerin varlığı iller arasında farklılık göstermiştir. Typhlodromus Anthoseius pysllakisi Swirski & Ragusa Phytoseiidae , N. rapidus ve Zygoribatula frisiae Oudemans Acari: Oribatidae türleri ise Türkiye faunası için ilk kayıt olmuştur. Her iki ilde de akar tür çeşitliliğini artıran grup avcı akarlar olmuştur. Bursa’da 2010 yılında patlıcanlar üzerinde bitki zararlısı akar T. urticae’nin populasyon yoğunluğu Haziran başında artmaya başlamış ve Temmuz, Ağustos, Eylül ve Ekim başlarında dört tepe noktası oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci yılında Haziran başındaki yoğun yağışlar nedeniyle erginler Haziran ortasında çıkmaya başlamış ve Temmuz ve Ağustos başı ve sonunda 3 tepe noktası meydana getirmiştir. Ankara’da ise T. urticae’nın 2010 yılında Ağustos, Eylül ve Ekim başında belirgin olarak üç tepe noktası oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Genellikle T. urticae ve avcı akarlar aynı dönemlerde görülmüş olup, özellikle avcı türlerden N. californicus bu zararlının populasyonuna belirgin olarak sayısal tepki oluşturmuştur. Phytoseiid popülasyonları Ağustos başından Ekim başına kadar artış göstermiştir

Keywords

• Zararlı akarlar
• Avcı akarlar
• Popülasyon
• Biyoçeşitlilik
• Patlıcan

The Mite Acari Biodiversity and Population Fluctuation of Predominat Species in Eggplant

Abstract

A study was carried out in order to determine the mite species-diversity and population fluctuations on eggplant in two provinces Bursa and Ankara which were located in different ecological areas of Turkey during 2009-2011. Among thirthy two species, predominant pest and predator species were Tetranychus urticae Koch Acari: Tetranychidae and Neoseiulus californicus McGregor Acari: Phytoseiidae on eggplant. Although Phytoseiidae had the greatest richness with eleven species, five species of Tetranychidae had formed 85% of mite species. Although the cosmopolite pest species, T. urticae, and predatory species Neopronematus rapidus Kuznetsov Acari: Ionilidae were found the shared, the mite species diversity between provinces was very different. Typhlodromus Anthoseius psyllakisi Swirskii & Ragusa Phytoseiidae , N. rapidus and Zygoribatula frisiae Oudemans Acari: Oribatidae were found as the first record for Turkey’s fauna. The group increasing mite diversity was predatory mites in both provinces. The population density of T. urticae on eggplant began to increase in early June and occured four peaks in early July, August, September and October of 2010 in Bursa. Whereas, in 2011, the mites emerged in mide June and peaked three times in early July, early and late August due to intense rainfall in early June. In Ankara, spider mite populations were occurred three peaks in early August, September and October of 2010 year. Tetranychus urticae and predatory mites were observed similar time period with those on eggplant and especially N. californicus existed in a stronger clear numerical response to T. urticae population. Phytoseiids on eggplant fields emerged in early August and increased until early October

Keywords

• Plant parasitic mites
• Predatory mites
• Population
• Bio-diversity
• Eggplant

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