The Late Spring Frost Hardiness of Some Apple Varieties at Various Stages of Flower Buds

Abstract

In this study, survival rates of pistils of seven apple Malus x domestica Borkh. varieties at various stages from tight cluster to full bloom on trees were determined after frost that occurred on the morning at 3:00-8:00 of April 17, 2004when the temperature dropped to –4 to –6 oC in the orchard. The survival rates of pistils of varieties ranged between 36.7 and 96.5% at tight cluster, 6.2 and 86.0 % at first pink and, 0.2 and 52.0 % at full pink stages after frost injury. ‘Starkspur Golden Delicious’ 18.0 % , ‘Granny Smith’ 33.0 % and ‘Canada Reinette’ 36.7 % were the least damaged apple varieties at various flower buds stages from tight cluster to first bloom on trees after frost

Keywords

• Apple,Malus x domestica borkh.,late spring frost

Bazı Elma Çeşitlerinin Çiçek Tomurcuklarının Farklı Safhalarında İlkbahar Geç Donuna Dayanıklılığı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, meyve bahçesinde 17 Nisan 2004 sabahı 3:00-8:00 saatleri arasında meydana gelen ve sıcaklığın –4 ile –6 oC’e düştüğü dondan sonra 7 elma Malus x domestica Borkh. çeşidinin açılmamış tomurcuk safhasından çiçek safhasına kadar farklı gelişme safhalarındaki çiçek tomurcuklarında dişi organların canlılık oranları belirlenmiştir. Dondan sonra dişi organlardaki canlılık oranları, açılmamış tomurcuklarda % 36.7 ve 96.5, pembe ucun göründüğü tomurcuklarda % 6.2 ve 86. 0, pembe tomurcuklarda ise % 0.2 ve 52.0 arasında değişmiştir. Açılmamış tomurcuk safhasından çiçek safhasına kadar farklı gelişme safhalarındaki çiçek tomurcuklarında ‘Starkspur Golden Delicious’ % 18.0 , ‘Granny Smith’ % 33.0 ve ‘Canada Reinette’ % 36.7 dondan sora en az zarar gören çeşitler olmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elma,Malus x domestica borkh.,ilkbahar geç donları

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