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Effect of Row Spacing on Yield, Yield Components and Crude Oil of Autumn and Spring Sowed Mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) in Eight Locations of Turkey

Year 2018, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 471 - 487, 05.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.490966

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of autumn and spring sowing and row spacings (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm) on yield, yield components and crude oil percentage of mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) at eight locations lying in different ecological zones (Ankara, Aydın, Erzurum, Eskişehir, Isparta, Şanlıurfa, Tekirdağ and Tokat) during 2013-14 and 2014-15 growing seasons. The experiment was designed according to the “Split Plots on Randomized Complete Block” with four replications. Autumn and spring sowing were main plots, row spacings were sub-plots in each location. The results showed that, autumn and spring sowing and row spacing significantly affected yield, yield components and crude oil yield across locations. In general, increasing row spacing reduced seed yield and crude oil percentage. The plants from autumn sowing increased crude oil yield compared to the plants from spring sowing. The maximum seed yield and crude oil yield (2525.5 and 695.3 kg ha-1, respectively) was obtained from Tokat during autumn sowing at 50 cm row spacing. It was determined that autumn sowing was more suitable for Aydın, Tekirdağ, Tokat and Şanlıurfa locations. Autumn sowing could also be possible at Ankara, Eskişehir and Isparta locations if plants enter to winter at the right time (8-10 leaves rosette stage). Agronomic performances of mustard at Erzurum was not promising. For autumn and spring sowing, the most suitable row spacing must be 20-30 cm in Ankara, Aydın, Erzurum, Eskişehir, Isparta, Tekirdağ and Şanlıurfa; 50 cm in Tokat in autumn sowing. 



References

  • Ahmad M, Sadia H, Zafar M, Sultana S, Khan M A & Khan Z (2012). The production and quality assessment of mustard oil biodiesel: A cultivated potential oil seed crop. Energy Sources A: Recovery. Utilization and Environmental Effects 34(16): 1480-1490
  • Amirnia R, Ghiyasi M & Tajbakhsh M (2012). Farklı gelişme yüksekliklerin hardal otunun (Sinapis arvensis L.) bazı özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Tarım Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi 5(2): 144-147
  • Angadi S V, Cutforth H W, McConkey B G & Gan Y (2003). Early seeding improves the sustainability of canola and mustard production on the Canadian semiarid prairie. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84(3): 705-711
  • Arif M, Shehzad M A & Mushtaq S (2012). Inter and intra row spacing effects on growth, seed yield and oil contents of White Mustard (Sinapis alba L.) under rainfed conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 49(1): 21-25
  • Baydar H & Yüce S (1996). Kışlık ekimde yazlık ve kışlık kolza (Brassica napus L.) çeşitlerinin büyüme ve gelişme özellikleri, kuru madde birikimleri ve kalite özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Doğa Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi 20(3): 237-242
  • Cheema M A, Saleem M & Asghar-Malik M (2001). Effect of row spacing and nitrogen management of agronomic traits and oil quality of canola (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 38(3-4): 15-18
  • Christensen J V & Drabble J C (1984). Effect of row spacing and seeding rate rapessed yield in Northwest Alberta. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64: 1011-1013
  • Christensen J V, Legge W G, Depauw R M, Hennig A M F, McKenzie J S, Siemens B & Thomos J B (1985). Effect of seeding date, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of rapeseed in Northwest Alberta. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65: 275-284
  • Demirel N & Cranshaw W (2006). Evaluation of relative host plant preferences of western black flea beetle, phyllotreta pusilla horn (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), for various canolas and mustards in greenhouse and field in Colorado. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9(2): 186-190
  • Farsak H (2009). Kanola (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) çeşitlerinde sıra arası uzaklığının verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkisi. Yüksek lisans tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Basılmamış), Aydın, Turkey
  • Heidari S, Khademi K, Nazarian F & Ghalavand A (2003). Study of row spacing effects on yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus) cultivars in Khorramabad. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 9(2): 151-156
  • Hocking P J, Kırkegaard J A, Angus J F, Gibson A H & Koet E A (1997). Comporison of canola, Indian mustard and linola in two contrasting environments: I. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on dry-matter production, seed yield and seed quality. Field Crop Research 49(2-3): 107-125
  • İlisulu K (1973). Yağ Bitkileri ve Islahı, Çağlayan Kitapevi: 366, İstanbul İptaş S & Kolsarıcı Ö (1988). Yabancı kökenli yağlık ve yemlik kolza (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) çeşitlerinin tarımsal özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Ankara Ünviversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı 39(1-2): 267-277
  • Jankowski K J & Budzyn’ski W S (2003). Energy potential of oilseed crops. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities-Agronomy 6(2): 1-8
  • Jham G N, Moser B R, Shah S N, Holser R A, Ghingra O D, Vaughn S F, Berhow M, Winkler-Moser J K, Isbell T A, Holloway R K, Walter E L, Natalino R, Anderson J C & Stelly D M (2009). Wild brazilian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) seed oil methyl esters as biodiesel fuel. Journal of the American Oil Chemistsé Society 86 (9): 917-926
  • Johnson B L, Zakaria A K M & Hanson B K (2003). Row spacing interaction on spring canola performance in the North Great Plains. Agronomy Journal 95(3): 703-708
  • Kaur P & Sidhu M S (2006). Effect of sowing date, nitrogen level and row spacing on oil quality of ethiopian mustard. Environment and Ecology 24(4): 1112-1114
  • Kayaçetin F, Öğüt H, Oğuz H, Subaşı İ & Deveci H (2016). Determination of the effect of row spacing, and fall and spring sowing on composition of fatty acid and biodiesel fuel characteristics of mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.). Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola Journal 21(11): 54-69
  • Kazemeini S A, Edalat M, Shekoofa A & Hamidi R (2010). Effect of nitrogen and plant density on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Applied Science 10(14): 1461-1465
  • Keiwanrad S & Zandi P (2014). Efffect of nitrogen levels on growth, Yield and oil quality of Indian mustard grown under different plant densities. Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 1(157): 81-95
  • Khan F A, Javid H, Mohammad Z & Shah S M M (2011). Biodiesel production from mustard oil, coal ash using as catalyst. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research 8(5): 866-872
  • Kolsarıcı Ö & Başalma D (1988). Yabancı kökenli yazlık kolza çeşitlerinin tohum verimi ve yağ verimi ile bin tohum ağırlığının saptanması. Ankara Ünversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı 39(1-2): 255-265
  • Kondra Z P (1975). Effects of row spacing and seedling rate on rapeseed. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 55: 339-341
  • Kondra Z P, Campbell D C & King R J (1983). Temperature effects on germination of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. and B. Campestris L.). Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63: 1063-1067
  • Kumar S D & Singh R D (2003). Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) seed yield as influenced by seeding date, spacing and N levels. Journal of Applied Biology 13(1-2): 139-146
  • Mamun F, Ali M H, Chowdhury I F, Hasanuzzaman M & Matin M A (2014). Performance of rapeseed and mustard varieties grown under different plant density. Scientia Agriculturae 8(2): 70-75
  • Mendham N J & Salisbury P A (1995). Physiology: Crop development, growth and yield. In D Kimber & D I McGregor (Eds), Brassica oilseeds: Production and utilization. CAB International, Slough, UK, pp. 11-64
  • Misra B K & Rana N S (1992). Response of yellow sarson (Brassica napus var. glauca) to row spacing and nitrogen fertilization under late-sown conditions. Indian Journal of Agronomy 37(4): 847-848
  • Morrison M J, McVetty P B E & Scarth R (1990). Effect of row spacing and seeding rates on summer rape in Southern Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70(1): 127-137
  • Öğütçü Z (1979). Orta Anadolu Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Kolza (Brassica napus ssp. Oleifera (Metzg. Sinks.) Çeşitlerinin Verim ve Kaliteye İlişkin Karakterleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 717, Bilimsel Araştırmalar ve İncelemeler: 417
  • Öztürk Ö (2000). Bazı kışlık kolza çeşitlerinde farklı ekim zamanı ve sıra arası uygulamalarının verim, verim unsurları ve kalite üzerine etkileri. Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Basılmamış), Konya, Turkey
  • Patel R H, Sharma V & Usadadia V P (2004). Vishal sharma usadadia V P, influence of irrigation schdule, spacing and nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Research on Crops 5(23): 290-293
  • Potter T D, Kay J R & Ludwig I R (1999). Effect of row spacing and sowing rate on canola cultivars with varying early vigour. International Rapeseed Congress, 26-29 September, Canberra, Australia
  • Pyare R, Prasad K, Dixit V, Khan N & Sonker T C (2008). Effect of row spacings and sulphur on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss). Journal Plant Archives 8(2): 633-635
  • Sangeetha C G & Siddaramaiah A L (2007). Epidemiological studies of white rust, downy mildew and Alternaria blight of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (Linn) Czern. and Coss). African Journal of Agricultural Research 2(7): 305-308
  • Saran G & Giri G (1987). Influence of dates of sowing on Brassica species under semi-arid rainfed conditions of north-west India. Journal of Agricultural Science 109(3): 561-566
  • Schuster W & Taghizadeh A (1981). On the yield structure of some spring rape varieties. Uber Die Ertragsstruktur Einiger Sommerrepssorten Bayerischess, Landwirtschaftliches Jahrbuck, 58(2): 212-216
  • Shafii B, Mahler K A, Price W J & Auld D L (1992). Genotype x environment interaction on winter rapeseed yield and oil content. Crop Science 32(4): 922-927
  • Shekhawat K, Rathore S S, Premi O P, Kandpal B K & Chauhan J S (2012). Advances in agronomic management of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czernj. Cosson): An Overview. International Journal of Agronomy ID:408284
  • Shrief S A, Shabana R, Ibrahim A F & Geisler G (1990). Variation in seed yield and quality characters of four spring oil rapeseed cultivars as influenced by population arrengements and densities. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 165(2-3): 103-109
  • Sra S S (1978). Ertragsstruktur und qualitatsmerkmale von winter und sommer rapssorten zur kornnutzung auf ökologisch differenzierten. Standorten, Dissertation, Giessen
  • Thurling N (1974). Morphological determinants of yield in rapeseed (Brassica campestris and Brassica napus). II. Yield components. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 25(5): 711-721
  • Walton G, Pi S & Bowden B (1999). Environmental impact on canola yield and oil. 10th International Rapeseed Congress, 26-29 September 1999, pp.136143
  • Wu X, Chen B, Lu G, Wang H, Xu K, Guizhan G & Song Y (2011). Genetic diversity in oil and vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea) landraces revealed by SRAP markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 56(7): 1011-1022
  • Zukalova H, Vasak J & Preiningerova J (1988). The effect of planting areas and agronomic practices on the oil content of winter rape (Brassica napus) in relation to agronomic techiques and growing regions. Field Crop Abstract 041-08198
Year 2018, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 471 - 487, 05.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.490966

Abstract

References

  • Ahmad M, Sadia H, Zafar M, Sultana S, Khan M A & Khan Z (2012). The production and quality assessment of mustard oil biodiesel: A cultivated potential oil seed crop. Energy Sources A: Recovery. Utilization and Environmental Effects 34(16): 1480-1490
  • Amirnia R, Ghiyasi M & Tajbakhsh M (2012). Farklı gelişme yüksekliklerin hardal otunun (Sinapis arvensis L.) bazı özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Tarım Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi 5(2): 144-147
  • Angadi S V, Cutforth H W, McConkey B G & Gan Y (2003). Early seeding improves the sustainability of canola and mustard production on the Canadian semiarid prairie. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84(3): 705-711
  • Arif M, Shehzad M A & Mushtaq S (2012). Inter and intra row spacing effects on growth, seed yield and oil contents of White Mustard (Sinapis alba L.) under rainfed conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 49(1): 21-25
  • Baydar H & Yüce S (1996). Kışlık ekimde yazlık ve kışlık kolza (Brassica napus L.) çeşitlerinin büyüme ve gelişme özellikleri, kuru madde birikimleri ve kalite özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Doğa Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi 20(3): 237-242
  • Cheema M A, Saleem M & Asghar-Malik M (2001). Effect of row spacing and nitrogen management of agronomic traits and oil quality of canola (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 38(3-4): 15-18
  • Christensen J V & Drabble J C (1984). Effect of row spacing and seeding rate rapessed yield in Northwest Alberta. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64: 1011-1013
  • Christensen J V, Legge W G, Depauw R M, Hennig A M F, McKenzie J S, Siemens B & Thomos J B (1985). Effect of seeding date, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of rapeseed in Northwest Alberta. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65: 275-284
  • Demirel N & Cranshaw W (2006). Evaluation of relative host plant preferences of western black flea beetle, phyllotreta pusilla horn (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), for various canolas and mustards in greenhouse and field in Colorado. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9(2): 186-190
  • Farsak H (2009). Kanola (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) çeşitlerinde sıra arası uzaklığının verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkisi. Yüksek lisans tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Basılmamış), Aydın, Turkey
  • Heidari S, Khademi K, Nazarian F & Ghalavand A (2003). Study of row spacing effects on yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus) cultivars in Khorramabad. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 9(2): 151-156
  • Hocking P J, Kırkegaard J A, Angus J F, Gibson A H & Koet E A (1997). Comporison of canola, Indian mustard and linola in two contrasting environments: I. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on dry-matter production, seed yield and seed quality. Field Crop Research 49(2-3): 107-125
  • İlisulu K (1973). Yağ Bitkileri ve Islahı, Çağlayan Kitapevi: 366, İstanbul İptaş S & Kolsarıcı Ö (1988). Yabancı kökenli yağlık ve yemlik kolza (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) çeşitlerinin tarımsal özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Ankara Ünviversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı 39(1-2): 267-277
  • Jankowski K J & Budzyn’ski W S (2003). Energy potential of oilseed crops. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities-Agronomy 6(2): 1-8
  • Jham G N, Moser B R, Shah S N, Holser R A, Ghingra O D, Vaughn S F, Berhow M, Winkler-Moser J K, Isbell T A, Holloway R K, Walter E L, Natalino R, Anderson J C & Stelly D M (2009). Wild brazilian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) seed oil methyl esters as biodiesel fuel. Journal of the American Oil Chemistsé Society 86 (9): 917-926
  • Johnson B L, Zakaria A K M & Hanson B K (2003). Row spacing interaction on spring canola performance in the North Great Plains. Agronomy Journal 95(3): 703-708
  • Kaur P & Sidhu M S (2006). Effect of sowing date, nitrogen level and row spacing on oil quality of ethiopian mustard. Environment and Ecology 24(4): 1112-1114
  • Kayaçetin F, Öğüt H, Oğuz H, Subaşı İ & Deveci H (2016). Determination of the effect of row spacing, and fall and spring sowing on composition of fatty acid and biodiesel fuel characteristics of mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.). Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola Journal 21(11): 54-69
  • Kazemeini S A, Edalat M, Shekoofa A & Hamidi R (2010). Effect of nitrogen and plant density on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Applied Science 10(14): 1461-1465
  • Keiwanrad S & Zandi P (2014). Efffect of nitrogen levels on growth, Yield and oil quality of Indian mustard grown under different plant densities. Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 1(157): 81-95
  • Khan F A, Javid H, Mohammad Z & Shah S M M (2011). Biodiesel production from mustard oil, coal ash using as catalyst. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research 8(5): 866-872
  • Kolsarıcı Ö & Başalma D (1988). Yabancı kökenli yazlık kolza çeşitlerinin tohum verimi ve yağ verimi ile bin tohum ağırlığının saptanması. Ankara Ünversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı 39(1-2): 255-265
  • Kondra Z P (1975). Effects of row spacing and seedling rate on rapeseed. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 55: 339-341
  • Kondra Z P, Campbell D C & King R J (1983). Temperature effects on germination of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. and B. Campestris L.). Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63: 1063-1067
  • Kumar S D & Singh R D (2003). Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) seed yield as influenced by seeding date, spacing and N levels. Journal of Applied Biology 13(1-2): 139-146
  • Mamun F, Ali M H, Chowdhury I F, Hasanuzzaman M & Matin M A (2014). Performance of rapeseed and mustard varieties grown under different plant density. Scientia Agriculturae 8(2): 70-75
  • Mendham N J & Salisbury P A (1995). Physiology: Crop development, growth and yield. In D Kimber & D I McGregor (Eds), Brassica oilseeds: Production and utilization. CAB International, Slough, UK, pp. 11-64
  • Misra B K & Rana N S (1992). Response of yellow sarson (Brassica napus var. glauca) to row spacing and nitrogen fertilization under late-sown conditions. Indian Journal of Agronomy 37(4): 847-848
  • Morrison M J, McVetty P B E & Scarth R (1990). Effect of row spacing and seeding rates on summer rape in Southern Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70(1): 127-137
  • Öğütçü Z (1979). Orta Anadolu Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Kolza (Brassica napus ssp. Oleifera (Metzg. Sinks.) Çeşitlerinin Verim ve Kaliteye İlişkin Karakterleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 717, Bilimsel Araştırmalar ve İncelemeler: 417
  • Öztürk Ö (2000). Bazı kışlık kolza çeşitlerinde farklı ekim zamanı ve sıra arası uygulamalarının verim, verim unsurları ve kalite üzerine etkileri. Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Basılmamış), Konya, Turkey
  • Patel R H, Sharma V & Usadadia V P (2004). Vishal sharma usadadia V P, influence of irrigation schdule, spacing and nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Research on Crops 5(23): 290-293
  • Potter T D, Kay J R & Ludwig I R (1999). Effect of row spacing and sowing rate on canola cultivars with varying early vigour. International Rapeseed Congress, 26-29 September, Canberra, Australia
  • Pyare R, Prasad K, Dixit V, Khan N & Sonker T C (2008). Effect of row spacings and sulphur on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss). Journal Plant Archives 8(2): 633-635
  • Sangeetha C G & Siddaramaiah A L (2007). Epidemiological studies of white rust, downy mildew and Alternaria blight of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (Linn) Czern. and Coss). African Journal of Agricultural Research 2(7): 305-308
  • Saran G & Giri G (1987). Influence of dates of sowing on Brassica species under semi-arid rainfed conditions of north-west India. Journal of Agricultural Science 109(3): 561-566
  • Schuster W & Taghizadeh A (1981). On the yield structure of some spring rape varieties. Uber Die Ertragsstruktur Einiger Sommerrepssorten Bayerischess, Landwirtschaftliches Jahrbuck, 58(2): 212-216
  • Shafii B, Mahler K A, Price W J & Auld D L (1992). Genotype x environment interaction on winter rapeseed yield and oil content. Crop Science 32(4): 922-927
  • Shekhawat K, Rathore S S, Premi O P, Kandpal B K & Chauhan J S (2012). Advances in agronomic management of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czernj. Cosson): An Overview. International Journal of Agronomy ID:408284
  • Shrief S A, Shabana R, Ibrahim A F & Geisler G (1990). Variation in seed yield and quality characters of four spring oil rapeseed cultivars as influenced by population arrengements and densities. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 165(2-3): 103-109
  • Sra S S (1978). Ertragsstruktur und qualitatsmerkmale von winter und sommer rapssorten zur kornnutzung auf ökologisch differenzierten. Standorten, Dissertation, Giessen
  • Thurling N (1974). Morphological determinants of yield in rapeseed (Brassica campestris and Brassica napus). II. Yield components. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 25(5): 711-721
  • Walton G, Pi S & Bowden B (1999). Environmental impact on canola yield and oil. 10th International Rapeseed Congress, 26-29 September 1999, pp.136143
  • Wu X, Chen B, Lu G, Wang H, Xu K, Guizhan G & Song Y (2011). Genetic diversity in oil and vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea) landraces revealed by SRAP markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 56(7): 1011-1022
  • Zukalova H, Vasak J & Preiningerova J (1988). The effect of planting areas and agronomic practices on the oil content of winter rape (Brassica napus) in relation to agronomic techiques and growing regions. Field Crop Abstract 041-08198
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Fatma Kayaçetin

Fadul Önemli This is me

Güngör Yılmaz This is me

Ahmet Kınay This is me

Halil Hatipoğlu This is me

Mehmet Niyazi Kıvılcım This is me

Nimet Kara This is me

Arzu Köse This is me

Fırat Sefaoğlu This is me

Publication Date December 5, 2018
Submission Date May 18, 2017
Acceptance Date November 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 24 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kayaçetin, F., Önemli, F., Yılmaz, G., Kınay, A., et al. (2018). Effect of Row Spacing on Yield, Yield Components and Crude Oil of Autumn and Spring Sowed Mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) in Eight Locations of Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24(4), 471-487. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.490966

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