Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 442 - 451, 04.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.559604

Abstract

References

  • Akbari M, Farajpour M, Aalifar M & Sadat Hosseini M (2018). Gamma irradiation affects the total phenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant properties in three different persian pistachio nuts. Natural product research, 32(3), 322-326.
  • Asefi N & Mozaffari M (2010). Effects of drying, packaging, and temperature on the quality of fried onion slices. Journal of food science, 75(5), S251-S254.
  • Ashtari M, Khademi O, Soufbaf M, Afsharmanesh H & Sarcheshmeh M A A (2019). Effect of gamma irradiation on antioxidants, microbiological properties and shelf life of pomegranate arils cv.‘Malas Savehʼ. Scientia Horticulturae, 244, 365-371.
  • Benkeblia N (2000). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, pyruvic acid and total phenolics variations in onion bulbs during long-term storage. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 33(2), 112-116.
  • Benkeblia N, Onodera S & Shiomi N (2003). Effect of temperature and storage time on fructosyltransferase activities (1-FFT and 6G-FFT) in onion bulb tissues. Acta Agric Scand (B), 53(4), 211-214.
  • Benkeblia N, Onodera S & Shiomi N (2004). Effect of gamma irradiation and temperature on fructans (fructo-oligosaccharides) of stored onion bulbs Allium cepa L. Food chemistry, 87(3), 377-382.
  • Böttcher C, Krähmer A, Stürtz M, Widder S & Schulz H (2018). Effect of cultivar and cultivation year on the metabolite profile of onion bulbs (Allium cepa l.). Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 66(12), 3229-3238.
  • Bradford M M (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72(1-2), 248-254.
  • Calado T, Venâncio A & Abrunhosa L (2014). Irradiation for mold and mycotoxin control: a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 13(5), 1049-1061.
  • Cheng G W & Breen P J (1991). Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and concentrations of anthocyanins and phenolics in developing strawberry fruit. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 116(5), 865-869.
  • Clark C J, Shaw M L, Wright K M & McCallum J A (2018). Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT‐MIR spectroscopy. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98(14), 5525-5533.
  • Daayf F, El Hadrami A, El-Bebany A F, Henriquez M A, Yao Z, Derksen H, . . . Adam L R (2012). Phenolic compounds in plant defense and pathogen counter-defense mechanisms. Recent advances in polyphenol research, 3(8), 191-208.
  • Darbyshire B & Henry R (1981). Differences in fructan content and synthesis in some Allium species. New phytologist, 87(2), 249-256.
  • Di Stefano V, Pitonzo R, Giuseppe A & CGA C G A (2014). Effect of gamma irradiation on aflatoxins and ochratoxin A reduction in almond samples. Journal of Food Research, 3(4).
  • El-Beltagi H S, Ahmed O K & El-Desouky W (2011). Effect of low doses γ-irradiation on oxidative stress and secondary metabolites production of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) callus culture. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 80(9), 968-976.
  • Fakhri Y, Khaneghah A M, Conti G O, Ferrante M, Khezri A, Darvishi A, . . . Keramati H (2018). Probabilistic risk assessment (Monte Carlo simulation method) of Pb and Cd in the onion bulb (Allium cepa) and soil of Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(31), 30894-30906.
  • FAO S (2017). Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database. Retrieved February, 27, 2017.
  • Fernandes Â, Barreira J C, Antonio A L, Oliveira M B P, Martins A & Ferreira I C (2016). Extended use of gamma irradiation in wild mushrooms conservation: validation of 2 kGy dose to preserve their chemical characteristics. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 67, 99-105.
  • Frazier M J, Kleinkopf G E, Brey R R & Olsen N L (2006). Potato sprout inhibition and tuber quality after treatment with high-energy ionizing radiation. American journal of potato research, 83(1), 31.
  • Gardiner M G & Cleland R (1974). Peroxidase changes during the cessation of elongation in Pisum sativum stems. Phytochemistry;(United States), 13.
  • He Q & Luo Y (2007). Enzymatic browning and its control in fresh-cut produce. Stewart Postharvest Review, 3(6), 1-7.
  • Hong M, Yoon Y, Kim D, Kim S, Kang S, Kim D, . . . Kim J (2018). Phenotypic and molecular responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to chronic gamma irradiation. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 20(1), 167-178.
  • Jeong R-D, Chu E-H, Lee G W, Cho C & Park H-J (2016). Inhibitory effect of gamma irradiation and its application for control of postharvest green mold decay of Satsuma mandarins. International journal of food microbiology, 234, 1-8.
  • Jeong R D, Jeong M A & Park M R (2017). Gamma irradiation‐induced disease resistance of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia “Niitaka”) against Penicillium expansum. Journal of Phytopathology, 165(9), 626-633.
  • Jones H A & Mann L K (1964). Onions and their allies. Soil Science, 98(1), 68.
  • Kader A A (1986). Potential applications of ionizing radiation in postharvest handling of fresh fruits and vegetables. Food Technol, 40(6), 117-121.
  • Kar M & Mishra D (1976). Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant physiology, 57(2), 315-319.
  • Khan Q U, Mohammadzai I, Shah Z, Khattak T N, Noreen H & Hassan W (2018). Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Nutrients and Shelf Life of Peach (Prunus persica L.) Stored at Ambient Temperature. The Open Conference Proceedings Journal, 9(1).
  • Lee H, Kim J, Baek M, Yoo J & Kwon S (2003). Effects of low dose gamma irradiation on physiological activities of radish (Raphanus sativus) during early growth and reduction of ultraviolet-B stress. Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science.
  • Ling A P K, Chia J Y, Hussein S & Harun A R (2008). Physiological responses of Citrus sinensis to gamma irradiation. World Appl. Sci. J, 5(1), 12-19.
  • Livak K J & Schmittgen T D (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT method. methods, 25(4), 402-408.
  • MacAdam J W, Nelson C J & Sharp R E (1992). Peroxidase activity in the leaf elongation zone of tall fescue: I. Spatial distribution of ionically bound peroxidase activity in genotypes differing in length of the elongation zone. Plant physiology, 99(3), 872-878.
  • Mai F & Glomb M A (2013). Isolation of phenolic compounds from iceberg lettuce and impact on enzymatic browning. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 61(11), 2868-2874.
  • Moussa H (2011). Low dose of gamma irradiation enhanced drought tolerance in soybean. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 59(1), 1-12.
  • Moussa H R (2008). Gamma irradiation effects on antioxidant enzymes and G6PDH activities in Vicia faba plants. Journal of New Seeds, 9(1), 89-99. Nissen P (1985). Dose responses of auxins. Physiologia Plantarum, 65(4), 357-374.
  • Nouri J & Toofanian F (2001). Extension of storage of onions and potatoes by gamma irradiation. Pak J Biol Sci, 4(10), 1275-1278.
  • Pereira E, Barros L, Dueñas M, Antonio A L, Santos-Buelga C & Ferreira I C (2015). Gamma irradiation improves the extractability of phenolic compounds in Ginkgo biloba L. Industrial Crops and Products, 74, 144-149.
  • Pereira E, Pimenta A I, Calhelha R C, Antonio A L, Verde S C, Barros L, . . . Ferreira I C (2016). Effects of gamma irradiation on cytotoxicity and phenolic compounds of Thymus vulgaris L. and Mentha x piperita L. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 71, 370-377.
  • Rutherford P & Whittle R (1984). Methods of predicting the long-term storage of onions. Journal of horticultural science, 59(4), 537-543.
  • Sabiu S, Madende M, Ajao A A-n, Aladodo R A, Nurain I O & Ahmad J B (2019). The Genus Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Alloideae): Features, Phytoconstituents, and Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Potential of Allium cepa and Allium sativum Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Diabetes (pp. 137-154): Elsevier.
  • Steele J H (2000). Food irradiation: a public health opportunity. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4(2), 62-66.
  • Tripathi J & Variyar P (2016). Gamma irradiation inhibits browning in ready-to-cook (RTC) ash gourd (Benincasa hispida) during storage. Innovative food science & emerging technologies, 33, 260-267.
  • Wang J, Jiang J, Wang J, Wang Z, Yang X & Jia L (2019). The influence of gamma irradiation on the storage quality of bamboo shoots. Radiation Physics and Chemistry.
  • Wang X, Ma R, Cao Q, Shan Z & Jiao Z (2018). Enhanced tolerance to salt stress in highland barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) by gamma irradiation pretreatment. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 40(9), 174.
  • Wickens T D & Keppel G (2004). Design and analysis: A researcher's handbook: Pearson Prentice-Hall.
  • Xia J & Wishart D S (2016). Using MetaboAnalyst 3.0 for comprehensive metabolomics data analysis. Current protocols in bioinformatics, 55(1), 14.10. 11-14.10. 91.
  • Zarbakhsh S & Rastegar S (2019). Influence of postharvest gamma irradiation on the antioxidant system, microbial and shelf life quality of three cultivars of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 247, 275-286.

Physiological Responses of Gamma-Irradiated Onion Bulbs during Storage

Year 2020, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 442 - 451, 04.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.559604

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of gamma radiation on some physiological characters of onion genotypes and the expression of PAL gene in the best interaction of gamma irradiation dose and onion genotype treatment. To this aim, four onion genotypes (White-Qom, White-Neyshabour, Red-Ridge-Lump, and Red-Ray-Corrugated) irradiated at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 Gy. After four months of storage (at 10-15 °C and 70% relative humidity), the effects of gamma rays on the dry matter (DM), protein content, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) were investigated. In addition, the expression of PAL gene in the best interaction of gamma irradiation dose and onion genotype treatment was assessed. The result indicated that POD activity was increased by most of the gamma irradiation levels; however, the protein content and PAL activity were decreased. Moreover, dry matter content was found to be highly genotype-dependent. A linear regression (R2= 0.82) between PAL activity and gamma irradiation levels, was observed. PAL activity decreased with increasing in gamma irradiation level, while the expression rate of PAL gene was not significantly changed between irradiated and non-irradiated control, indicating that the radiation might not have direct effects on the gene regulatory elements. These results suggest that gamma irradiation could reduce the PAL activity possibly by controlling abiotic stress sources such as fungal and bacterial stresses.

References

  • Akbari M, Farajpour M, Aalifar M & Sadat Hosseini M (2018). Gamma irradiation affects the total phenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant properties in three different persian pistachio nuts. Natural product research, 32(3), 322-326.
  • Asefi N & Mozaffari M (2010). Effects of drying, packaging, and temperature on the quality of fried onion slices. Journal of food science, 75(5), S251-S254.
  • Ashtari M, Khademi O, Soufbaf M, Afsharmanesh H & Sarcheshmeh M A A (2019). Effect of gamma irradiation on antioxidants, microbiological properties and shelf life of pomegranate arils cv.‘Malas Savehʼ. Scientia Horticulturae, 244, 365-371.
  • Benkeblia N (2000). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, pyruvic acid and total phenolics variations in onion bulbs during long-term storage. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 33(2), 112-116.
  • Benkeblia N, Onodera S & Shiomi N (2003). Effect of temperature and storage time on fructosyltransferase activities (1-FFT and 6G-FFT) in onion bulb tissues. Acta Agric Scand (B), 53(4), 211-214.
  • Benkeblia N, Onodera S & Shiomi N (2004). Effect of gamma irradiation and temperature on fructans (fructo-oligosaccharides) of stored onion bulbs Allium cepa L. Food chemistry, 87(3), 377-382.
  • Böttcher C, Krähmer A, Stürtz M, Widder S & Schulz H (2018). Effect of cultivar and cultivation year on the metabolite profile of onion bulbs (Allium cepa l.). Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 66(12), 3229-3238.
  • Bradford M M (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72(1-2), 248-254.
  • Calado T, Venâncio A & Abrunhosa L (2014). Irradiation for mold and mycotoxin control: a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 13(5), 1049-1061.
  • Cheng G W & Breen P J (1991). Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and concentrations of anthocyanins and phenolics in developing strawberry fruit. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 116(5), 865-869.
  • Clark C J, Shaw M L, Wright K M & McCallum J A (2018). Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT‐MIR spectroscopy. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98(14), 5525-5533.
  • Daayf F, El Hadrami A, El-Bebany A F, Henriquez M A, Yao Z, Derksen H, . . . Adam L R (2012). Phenolic compounds in plant defense and pathogen counter-defense mechanisms. Recent advances in polyphenol research, 3(8), 191-208.
  • Darbyshire B & Henry R (1981). Differences in fructan content and synthesis in some Allium species. New phytologist, 87(2), 249-256.
  • Di Stefano V, Pitonzo R, Giuseppe A & CGA C G A (2014). Effect of gamma irradiation on aflatoxins and ochratoxin A reduction in almond samples. Journal of Food Research, 3(4).
  • El-Beltagi H S, Ahmed O K & El-Desouky W (2011). Effect of low doses γ-irradiation on oxidative stress and secondary metabolites production of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) callus culture. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 80(9), 968-976.
  • Fakhri Y, Khaneghah A M, Conti G O, Ferrante M, Khezri A, Darvishi A, . . . Keramati H (2018). Probabilistic risk assessment (Monte Carlo simulation method) of Pb and Cd in the onion bulb (Allium cepa) and soil of Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(31), 30894-30906.
  • FAO S (2017). Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database. Retrieved February, 27, 2017.
  • Fernandes Â, Barreira J C, Antonio A L, Oliveira M B P, Martins A & Ferreira I C (2016). Extended use of gamma irradiation in wild mushrooms conservation: validation of 2 kGy dose to preserve their chemical characteristics. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 67, 99-105.
  • Frazier M J, Kleinkopf G E, Brey R R & Olsen N L (2006). Potato sprout inhibition and tuber quality after treatment with high-energy ionizing radiation. American journal of potato research, 83(1), 31.
  • Gardiner M G & Cleland R (1974). Peroxidase changes during the cessation of elongation in Pisum sativum stems. Phytochemistry;(United States), 13.
  • He Q & Luo Y (2007). Enzymatic browning and its control in fresh-cut produce. Stewart Postharvest Review, 3(6), 1-7.
  • Hong M, Yoon Y, Kim D, Kim S, Kang S, Kim D, . . . Kim J (2018). Phenotypic and molecular responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to chronic gamma irradiation. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 20(1), 167-178.
  • Jeong R-D, Chu E-H, Lee G W, Cho C & Park H-J (2016). Inhibitory effect of gamma irradiation and its application for control of postharvest green mold decay of Satsuma mandarins. International journal of food microbiology, 234, 1-8.
  • Jeong R D, Jeong M A & Park M R (2017). Gamma irradiation‐induced disease resistance of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia “Niitaka”) against Penicillium expansum. Journal of Phytopathology, 165(9), 626-633.
  • Jones H A & Mann L K (1964). Onions and their allies. Soil Science, 98(1), 68.
  • Kader A A (1986). Potential applications of ionizing radiation in postharvest handling of fresh fruits and vegetables. Food Technol, 40(6), 117-121.
  • Kar M & Mishra D (1976). Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant physiology, 57(2), 315-319.
  • Khan Q U, Mohammadzai I, Shah Z, Khattak T N, Noreen H & Hassan W (2018). Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Nutrients and Shelf Life of Peach (Prunus persica L.) Stored at Ambient Temperature. The Open Conference Proceedings Journal, 9(1).
  • Lee H, Kim J, Baek M, Yoo J & Kwon S (2003). Effects of low dose gamma irradiation on physiological activities of radish (Raphanus sativus) during early growth and reduction of ultraviolet-B stress. Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science.
  • Ling A P K, Chia J Y, Hussein S & Harun A R (2008). Physiological responses of Citrus sinensis to gamma irradiation. World Appl. Sci. J, 5(1), 12-19.
  • Livak K J & Schmittgen T D (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT method. methods, 25(4), 402-408.
  • MacAdam J W, Nelson C J & Sharp R E (1992). Peroxidase activity in the leaf elongation zone of tall fescue: I. Spatial distribution of ionically bound peroxidase activity in genotypes differing in length of the elongation zone. Plant physiology, 99(3), 872-878.
  • Mai F & Glomb M A (2013). Isolation of phenolic compounds from iceberg lettuce and impact on enzymatic browning. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 61(11), 2868-2874.
  • Moussa H (2011). Low dose of gamma irradiation enhanced drought tolerance in soybean. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 59(1), 1-12.
  • Moussa H R (2008). Gamma irradiation effects on antioxidant enzymes and G6PDH activities in Vicia faba plants. Journal of New Seeds, 9(1), 89-99. Nissen P (1985). Dose responses of auxins. Physiologia Plantarum, 65(4), 357-374.
  • Nouri J & Toofanian F (2001). Extension of storage of onions and potatoes by gamma irradiation. Pak J Biol Sci, 4(10), 1275-1278.
  • Pereira E, Barros L, Dueñas M, Antonio A L, Santos-Buelga C & Ferreira I C (2015). Gamma irradiation improves the extractability of phenolic compounds in Ginkgo biloba L. Industrial Crops and Products, 74, 144-149.
  • Pereira E, Pimenta A I, Calhelha R C, Antonio A L, Verde S C, Barros L, . . . Ferreira I C (2016). Effects of gamma irradiation on cytotoxicity and phenolic compounds of Thymus vulgaris L. and Mentha x piperita L. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 71, 370-377.
  • Rutherford P & Whittle R (1984). Methods of predicting the long-term storage of onions. Journal of horticultural science, 59(4), 537-543.
  • Sabiu S, Madende M, Ajao A A-n, Aladodo R A, Nurain I O & Ahmad J B (2019). The Genus Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Alloideae): Features, Phytoconstituents, and Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Potential of Allium cepa and Allium sativum Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Diabetes (pp. 137-154): Elsevier.
  • Steele J H (2000). Food irradiation: a public health opportunity. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4(2), 62-66.
  • Tripathi J & Variyar P (2016). Gamma irradiation inhibits browning in ready-to-cook (RTC) ash gourd (Benincasa hispida) during storage. Innovative food science & emerging technologies, 33, 260-267.
  • Wang J, Jiang J, Wang J, Wang Z, Yang X & Jia L (2019). The influence of gamma irradiation on the storage quality of bamboo shoots. Radiation Physics and Chemistry.
  • Wang X, Ma R, Cao Q, Shan Z & Jiao Z (2018). Enhanced tolerance to salt stress in highland barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) by gamma irradiation pretreatment. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 40(9), 174.
  • Wickens T D & Keppel G (2004). Design and analysis: A researcher's handbook: Pearson Prentice-Hall.
  • Xia J & Wishart D S (2016). Using MetaboAnalyst 3.0 for comprehensive metabolomics data analysis. Current protocols in bioinformatics, 55(1), 14.10. 11-14.10. 91.
  • Zarbakhsh S & Rastegar S (2019). Influence of postharvest gamma irradiation on the antioxidant system, microbial and shelf life quality of three cultivars of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 247, 275-286.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mehrdad Ahmadi 0000-0001-7226-8397

Publication Date December 4, 2020
Submission Date May 1, 2019
Acceptance Date August 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 26 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Ahmadi, M. (2020). Physiological Responses of Gamma-Irradiated Onion Bulbs during Storage. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(4), 442-451. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.559604

Journal of Agricultural Sciences is published open access journal. All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).