Molecular Characterization of Some Selected Wild Olive Olea oleaster L. Ecotypes Grown in Turkey

Year 2009, Volume: 15 Issue: 01, 14 - 20, 01.01.2009

Mücahit Taha Ozkaya Erkan Ergülen Salih Ülger Nejat Özilbey

Abstract

The wild olive subspecies oleaster called “Karadelice” in Turkish is a small tree or bush of rather irregular growth, with thorny branches and oppositely positioned oblong pointed leaves, dark grayishgreen on the leaf surface and, in the early growth state, hoary on the lower surface with whitish scales. Generally, it is used as a dwarf rootstock; however, it has some grafting incompatibility with certain important olive cultivars. Some wild olive plants were selected from the village Kayadibi, 20 km distant from the city of İzmir in Turkey. This region is a very unique place for this type of wild olive. These ecotypes were differentiated by molecular markers using RAPD-PCR. Since they can be used as a dwarf rootstock, the correlations with some important olive cultivars were analyzed. For that reason Ayvalık cv, which is the most important olive cultivar for olive oil production was used primarily. Since Ayvalık cv and KD-8 are 97% similar, it was expected that they may have grafting compability. In the second part of the study, the comparison were done with Memecik and Tavşan Yüreği cultivars which are important olive oil and table olive cultivars, respectively. Since Memecik and Tavşan Yüreği were 100% similar therefore, it was considered that they may have more grafting compability with oleasters KD-3 and KD-8. Both studies were carried out to find similarities in 9 olive oleasters growing at Kayadibi of İzmir province which are said to have confused and low level morphologic variations in their features

Keywords

Wild olive, Olive, Oleaster, RAPD, ecotypes, Ayvalık, Memecik, Tavşan Yüreği, Karadelice

Türkiye’de Yetişen Bazı Seçilmiş Karadelice Olea oleaster L. Ekotiplerinin Moleküler Tanımlaması

Abstract

Karadelice olarak adlandırılan yabani zeytin, alt tür oleaster; düzensiz büyüme gösteren dikenli dallara sahip bodur ağaç veya çalı formundadır. Genç yapraklar, koyu grimsi-yeşil renkli üst ve açık renkli alt yüzeye sahip, sürgün üzerinde bir birine karşılıklı olarak dizilmiştir. Genellikle bodur anaç olarak kullanılmaktadır ancak bazı önemli zeytin çeşitleri ile aşı uyuşmazlığı bulunmaktadır. Karadelicelerin ender bulunduğu yerlerden biri olan İzmir’e 20km mesafedeki Kayadibi köyünden bazı karadeliceler seçilmiştir. Bu ekotiplerin RAPD-PCR tekniği ile moleküler tanımlamaları yapılmıştır. Bodur anaç olarak kullanılabilirliği nedeniyle bazı önemli zeytin çeşitleri ile ilişkileri de analiz edilmiştir. Bu nedenle öncelikle zeytinyağı üretimi için en önemli zeytin çeşidi olan Ayvalık çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Ayvalık çeşidinin KD-8 ekotipi ile %97 oranında benzerlik göstermesi anaç-çeşit aşı uyuşabilirliğini de gösterebilir. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmında karşılaştırma önemli bir yağlık zeytin çeşidi olan Memecik ile önemli bir sofralık zeytin çeşidi olan Tavşan Yüreği ile yapılmıştır. Memecik ve Tavşan Yüreği çeşitleri %100 benzerlik göstermiş olmaları, her ikisinin de KD-3 ve KD-8 ekotipleri ile aşı uyuşabilirliğini gösterebilir. Her iki çalışmada da Kayadibi-İzmir’de yetişen dokuz karadelice ekotipi içinde, en düşük seviyede morfolojik farklılık gösteren ve karıştırılanlarda genetik bazda benzerlik bulunmuştur

Keywords

Delice, Oleaster, Karadelice, RAPD, Zeytin, Yabani zeytin, Ayvalık, Memecik, Tavşan Yüreği

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