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Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Some Iraqi Common Wheat Varieties

Year 2007, Volume: 13 Issue: 03, 285 - 292, 01.08.2007

Abstract

Some common wheat varieties such as Temmuz 2, Iraq, Eliz 66, İba 99 Musaddak, İba 99 Müseccel which are important as genetic material and in agriculture of Iraq were used in this study. Experiment was carried out at the biotechnology laboratories of Department of Field Crops, Agriculture Faculty of Ankara University; the aim of this research was to determine the callus induction and plant regeneration for these varieties under in vitro conditions. For this purpose 8 ml/l 2,4-D was used for callus induction and 20 g/l agar was used for plant regeneration as MS. Parameters such as callus induction, callus weight, regeneration capacity, culture efficiency and number of regenerated plant were measured in this study. According to obtained result; callus induction was % 88.75 Eliz 66 – % 98.75 İba 99 Musaddak , callus weight was 0.7025 g Temmuz 2 – 7.2179 g Eliz 66 , regeneration capacity was % 86.75 Eliz 66 – % 98. 99 Musaddak , cluture efficiency was % 77.50 Eliz 66 – % 97.50 İba 99 Musaddak and number of regenerated plants was 3.500 İba 99 Musaddak – 16.26 Temmuz 2 . In addition, when investigated relationships among traits; there was significant relationship between callus weight and number of regenerated plants r = 0.674** . And also, regeneration capacity was effected as significantly by callus weight r = 0.900** . Callus induction and regeneration capacity or their potential of the production process of trans genetic plant were investigated of some Iraqi common wheat varieties which are resistant / tolarent to the drought, salt and some abiotic stress factors in this research; and also, it was determined Irak variety is most favorable for this kind of studies

References

  • Abd-el maksoud, M. M. and Z. Bedo. 1993. Genotypes and genotype x medium interaction in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Cereal Research Communications 21 (1):17–24.
  • Bahieldin, A., W. E. Dwre and R. Qu. 2000. Concentration effects of dicamba on shoot regeneration in wheat. Plant Breeding 119: 437–439.
  • Benkirane, H., K. Sabounji, A. Chlyah and H. Chlyah. 2000. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from fragments of immature inflorescences and coleoptiles of durum wheat. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 61: 107-113.
  • Bered, F., M. J. C. D. Sereno, F. De Carvalho, C. E .Lange, C. L. Handel and A. L. C. Dornelles. 1998. Plant regeneration from embrygenic and organogenic cali in oat. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira 33 (11): 1827– 1833.
  • Bommineni, V. R. and P. P. Jauhar. 1996. Regeration of plantlets through isolated scutellum culture of durum wheat. Plant Science 116: 197-203. Özgen, M., M. Türet, S. Alt ınok and C. Sancak. 1997. Efficent
  • callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryo culture of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Plant Cell Reports 18: 331–335.
  • Bregitzer, P., W. R. Bushnell, H. W. Rines and D. A. Somers. 1991. Callus formation and plant regeneration from somatic embryos of oat (Avena sativa L.). Plant Cell Reports 10: 243–246.
  • Bürün, B. 1996. Buğdaygillerde in vitro kültürler. Yüzüncü yıl Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 6(4): 18–95.
  • Delporte, F., O. Mostade and J. M. Jacqumin. 2001. Plant regeneration through callus initiation from thin mature embryo fragments of wheat. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 67: 73-80.
  • Düzgüneş, O., T. Kesici ve F. Gürbüz. 1983. İstatistik Metodları Ι. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları. 861. Ders Kitabı, 229, Ankara.
  • Haliloğlu, K. 2002. Wheat immature embryo culture for embryogenic callus induction. Online Journal of Biological Sciences 2: 520–521.
  • Hatipoğlu, R., İ. Genç ve T. Yağabasanlar. 1994. Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Islahında Anter Kültüründe Yararlanma Olanakları Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi Bitki Islahı Bildirileri (II): 254–256, Bornova, İzmir.
  • Keresa, S., M. Baric, H. Sarcevic and S. Marchetti. 2004. Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos and immature inflorescences of eight caotina winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Die bodenkultur- austria Journal of Agricultural Research Inhalte / Contents, 45. band / heft 3.
  • Kün, E. 1988. Serin İklim Tahılları. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları: 1032. 322 s., Ankara.
  • Lashermes, P., G. Engin and G. O. Ferrara. 1991. Anther culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum) adapted to dry areas of West Asia and North Africa. J. Genet. Breed. 45: 33–38.
  • Maddock, S. E., V. A. Lancaster, R. Risiott and J. Franklin. 1983. Plant regeneration from cultured İmmature embryos and inflorececes of 25 cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J.Exp. Bot., 34 (144): 915–926.
  • Özgen, M., M. Türet, S. Özcan and C. Sancak. 1996. Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos of winter durum wheat genotypes. Plant Breeding 115: 455–458.
  • Özgen, M., M. Türet, S. Altınok and C. Sancak. 1998. Efficient callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryo culture of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 331-335.
  • Özgen, M., M. Türet and M. Avci. 2001. Cytoplasmic effects on the tissue culture response of callus from winter wheat mature embryos. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 64: 81-84.
  • Purnhauser, L., P. Medgyesy, M. Czako, P. J. Dix and L. Marton. 1987. Stimulation of shoot regeneration in Triticum aestivum and Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv. tissue cultures using the ethylene inhibitor AgNo3. Plant Cell., 6: 1-4.
  • Sayar, M. T., M. A. Birsin, H. Ulukan and M. Özgen 1999. Effect of seed size on the tissue culture response of callus from mature embryos of wheat species. Wheat Information Service 89: 1–6.
  • Şehirali, S. ve M. Özgen, 1998. Bitki ıslahı, Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları:1059, Ders kitabı: 310, Ankara Üniv. Basımevi, Ankara 261 s.
  • Şimşek, S. 2004. Yulafta (Avena sativa L.) tohum iriliğinin bitki rejenerasyonuna etkisi. Ankara Üniv. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara 45 s.
  • Tahiliani, S. and S. L. Kothari. 2004. Increased copper content of the medium ımproves plant regeneration from ımmature embryo derived callus of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 13: 85–88.
  • Tuberosa, R., S. Rauaglia and C. Lucchese. 1998. Callus induction and plan regeneration in Italian cultivars of bread wheat. Agriculture in Mediterrian., 18: 361–365.
  • Viertel, K. and D. Hess. 1996. Shoot tips of wheat as an altenative source for regenerable embryogenic callus cultures. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 44: 183-188.
  • Vnuchkova, V. A., I. I. Maryakima and G. I. Eisner. 1993. Effect of acetone in the culture medium on the regeneration efficiency and on the resistance to root of regenerants of various plant species. Plant Cell Rep., 12: 577-580.
  • Xiayi, K., C. Chunhong, Y. FAng, L. Baojian and C. Jiawang. 1997. Factors influencing tissue culture of mature wheat embryo. Plant Breeding Abstracts 67. 1–140.
  • Zale, J. M., H. B. Wier, K. K Kidwell and C. M. Steber. 2003. Cllus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of a diverse set of wheat genotypes. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 76: 277-281.

Irak’ta Yetiştirilen Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinde Kallus Oluşumu ve Bitki Rejenerasyonu

Year 2007, Volume: 13 Issue: 03, 285 - 292, 01.08.2007

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Irak florasında genetik materyal olarak ve yetiştiricilik açısından önem taşıyan ekmeklik buğday çeşitleri Temmuz 2, Irak, Eliz 66, İba 99 Musaddak, İba 99 Müseccel materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, kullanılan çeşitlerde kallus ve rejenere bitkicik potansiyelinin in vitro koşullarında belirlenmesine çalışılmıştır. Kallus oluşumu için 8 ml/L 2,4-D içeren katı MS ortamı oranı ve bitki rejenerasyonu için 20 g/l sucroz ve 7 g/l agar içeren katı MS ortamı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, kallus oluşumu, kallus ağırlığı, rejenerasyon kapasitesi, kültür etkisi ve rejeneratif bitki sayısı parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; kallus oluşumu % 88.75 Eliz 66 – % 98.75 İba 99 Musaddak , kallus ağırlığı 0.7025 g Temmuz 2 7.2179 g Eliz 66 , rejenerasyon kapasitesi % 86.75 Eliz 66 – % 98.75 İba 99 Musaddak , kültür etkisi % 77.50 Eliz 66 – % 97.50 İba 99 Musaddak bitki sayısı ise de 3.500 İba 99 Musaddak – 16.26 Temmuz 2 arasında belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, karakterler arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde; kallus ağırlığının yüksek olması bitki sayısını arttırmıştır r = 0.674** . Artan kallus ağırlığı, rejenerasyon yeteneğinin yüksek olmasını r = 0.900** sağlamıştır. Irak’ta geliştirilip tescil edilen ve yaygın olarak yetiştirilen kuraklık, tuzluluk gibi bazı abiyotik stres faktörlerine dayanıklı / toleranslı bazı ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerinde kallus oluşumu ve rejenerasyon yetenekleri; bir başka deyişle bu çalışmada adı geçen buğday çeşitlerinin doğrudan gen aktarma yöntemlerinde kullanılabilme potansiyelleri belirlenmiş, bunlardan Irak çeşidinin bu tip çalışmalarda en uygun çeşit olduğu belirlenmiştir

References

  • Abd-el maksoud, M. M. and Z. Bedo. 1993. Genotypes and genotype x medium interaction in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Cereal Research Communications 21 (1):17–24.
  • Bahieldin, A., W. E. Dwre and R. Qu. 2000. Concentration effects of dicamba on shoot regeneration in wheat. Plant Breeding 119: 437–439.
  • Benkirane, H., K. Sabounji, A. Chlyah and H. Chlyah. 2000. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from fragments of immature inflorescences and coleoptiles of durum wheat. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 61: 107-113.
  • Bered, F., M. J. C. D. Sereno, F. De Carvalho, C. E .Lange, C. L. Handel and A. L. C. Dornelles. 1998. Plant regeneration from embrygenic and organogenic cali in oat. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira 33 (11): 1827– 1833.
  • Bommineni, V. R. and P. P. Jauhar. 1996. Regeration of plantlets through isolated scutellum culture of durum wheat. Plant Science 116: 197-203. Özgen, M., M. Türet, S. Alt ınok and C. Sancak. 1997. Efficent
  • callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryo culture of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Plant Cell Reports 18: 331–335.
  • Bregitzer, P., W. R. Bushnell, H. W. Rines and D. A. Somers. 1991. Callus formation and plant regeneration from somatic embryos of oat (Avena sativa L.). Plant Cell Reports 10: 243–246.
  • Bürün, B. 1996. Buğdaygillerde in vitro kültürler. Yüzüncü yıl Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 6(4): 18–95.
  • Delporte, F., O. Mostade and J. M. Jacqumin. 2001. Plant regeneration through callus initiation from thin mature embryo fragments of wheat. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 67: 73-80.
  • Düzgüneş, O., T. Kesici ve F. Gürbüz. 1983. İstatistik Metodları Ι. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları. 861. Ders Kitabı, 229, Ankara.
  • Haliloğlu, K. 2002. Wheat immature embryo culture for embryogenic callus induction. Online Journal of Biological Sciences 2: 520–521.
  • Hatipoğlu, R., İ. Genç ve T. Yağabasanlar. 1994. Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Islahında Anter Kültüründe Yararlanma Olanakları Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi Bitki Islahı Bildirileri (II): 254–256, Bornova, İzmir.
  • Keresa, S., M. Baric, H. Sarcevic and S. Marchetti. 2004. Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos and immature inflorescences of eight caotina winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Die bodenkultur- austria Journal of Agricultural Research Inhalte / Contents, 45. band / heft 3.
  • Kün, E. 1988. Serin İklim Tahılları. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları: 1032. 322 s., Ankara.
  • Lashermes, P., G. Engin and G. O. Ferrara. 1991. Anther culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum) adapted to dry areas of West Asia and North Africa. J. Genet. Breed. 45: 33–38.
  • Maddock, S. E., V. A. Lancaster, R. Risiott and J. Franklin. 1983. Plant regeneration from cultured İmmature embryos and inflorececes of 25 cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J.Exp. Bot., 34 (144): 915–926.
  • Özgen, M., M. Türet, S. Özcan and C. Sancak. 1996. Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos of winter durum wheat genotypes. Plant Breeding 115: 455–458.
  • Özgen, M., M. Türet, S. Altınok and C. Sancak. 1998. Efficient callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryo culture of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 331-335.
  • Özgen, M., M. Türet and M. Avci. 2001. Cytoplasmic effects on the tissue culture response of callus from winter wheat mature embryos. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 64: 81-84.
  • Purnhauser, L., P. Medgyesy, M. Czako, P. J. Dix and L. Marton. 1987. Stimulation of shoot regeneration in Triticum aestivum and Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv. tissue cultures using the ethylene inhibitor AgNo3. Plant Cell., 6: 1-4.
  • Sayar, M. T., M. A. Birsin, H. Ulukan and M. Özgen 1999. Effect of seed size on the tissue culture response of callus from mature embryos of wheat species. Wheat Information Service 89: 1–6.
  • Şehirali, S. ve M. Özgen, 1998. Bitki ıslahı, Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları:1059, Ders kitabı: 310, Ankara Üniv. Basımevi, Ankara 261 s.
  • Şimşek, S. 2004. Yulafta (Avena sativa L.) tohum iriliğinin bitki rejenerasyonuna etkisi. Ankara Üniv. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara 45 s.
  • Tahiliani, S. and S. L. Kothari. 2004. Increased copper content of the medium ımproves plant regeneration from ımmature embryo derived callus of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 13: 85–88.
  • Tuberosa, R., S. Rauaglia and C. Lucchese. 1998. Callus induction and plan regeneration in Italian cultivars of bread wheat. Agriculture in Mediterrian., 18: 361–365.
  • Viertel, K. and D. Hess. 1996. Shoot tips of wheat as an altenative source for regenerable embryogenic callus cultures. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 44: 183-188.
  • Vnuchkova, V. A., I. I. Maryakima and G. I. Eisner. 1993. Effect of acetone in the culture medium on the regeneration efficiency and on the resistance to root of regenerants of various plant species. Plant Cell Rep., 12: 577-580.
  • Xiayi, K., C. Chunhong, Y. FAng, L. Baojian and C. Jiawang. 1997. Factors influencing tissue culture of mature wheat embryo. Plant Breeding Abstracts 67. 1–140.
  • Zale, J. M., H. B. Wier, K. K Kidwell and C. M. Steber. 2003. Cllus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of a diverse set of wheat genotypes. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 76: 277-281.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hüseyin Ahmet This is me

M. Sait Adak This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2007
Published in Issue Year 2007 Volume: 13 Issue: 03

Cite

APA Ahmet, H., & Adak, M. S. (2007). Irak’ta Yetiştirilen Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinde Kallus Oluşumu ve Bitki Rejenerasyonu. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 13(03), 285-292.

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