Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 195 - 203, 04.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.630466

Abstract

Supporting Institution

Atatürk üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

FBA-2017-6188

References

  • Altan A, Yağcı S, Maskan M & Göğüş F (2006). Arpanın ürün bazında değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye 9. Gıda Kongresi, 24-26 Mayıs 2006, Bolu, s. 495-498
  • American Association of Cereal Chemist (2010). Approved methods of the AACC. St. Paul, MN, USA. Aslan D, Ordu B & Zencirci N, (2016a). Einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) tolerates cold stress better than bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during germination. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 25(2): 182-192
  • Aslan D Zencirci N, Etöz M, Ordu B & Bataw S (2016b). Bread wheat responds salt stress better than einkorn wheat does during germination. Turk J Agric For 40: 783-794.
  • Balouchi H R, Sarvestani Z T & Sanavy S A M M (2005). Agronomic factors on selected hulles barley genotypes. Journal of Agronomy 4(4): 333-339.
  • Borghi B, Castagna R, Corbellini M, Heun M & Salamini F (1996). Breadmaking quality of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum). Cereal Chem 73(29): 208-214.
  • Bogale A & Tesfaye K (2011). Relationships between kernel ash content, water use efficiency and yield in durum wheat under water deficit induced at different growth stages. African J. Basic Appl. Science 3(3): 80-86.
  • Brandolini A, Hidalgo A & Moscaritolo S (2008). Chemical composition and pasting properties of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) whole meal flour. Journal of Cereal Science 47: 599-609.
  • Chatzav M, Peleg Z, Ozturk L, Yazici A, Fahima T, Cakmak I & Saranga Y (2010). Genetic diversity for grain nutrients in wild emmer wheat: potential for wheat improvement. Annals of Botany 105: 1211-1220.
  • Çağlar Ö, Öztürk A & Bulut S (2006). Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinin Erzurum Ovası Koşullarına Adaptasyonu. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 37(1): 1-7.
  • Dickin E, Steele K, Edwards-Jones G & Wright D (2012). Agronomic diversity of naked barley (Hordeum vulgare L.):a potential resource for breeding new food barley for Europe. Euphytica 184: 85-99.
  • Feng K, Cui L, Lv S, Bian J, Wang M, Song W & Nie X (2018). Comprehensive evaluating of wild and cultivated emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) genotypes response to salt stress. Plant Growth Regul 84: 261–273.
  • Frederick J R & Camberato J J (1995). Water and nitrojen effects on winter in the Southeastern Coastal Plain : II. Physiological respons. Agronomy Journal 87: 521-526.
  • Geisslitza S, Wieser H, Scherfa K.A & Koehler P (2018). Gluten protein composition and aggregation properties as predictors for bread volume of common wheat, spelt, durum wheat, emmer and einkorn. Journal of Cereal Science 74: 19-27.
  • Gomez-Macpherson H & Richards R A (1995). Effects of sowing time on yield and agronomic characteristics of wheat in south-eastern Australia. Aust J. Agric. Research 46(7): 1381-1399.
  • Guarda G, Padovan S & Delogu G (2004). Grain yield, nitrogen-use efficiency and baking quality of old and modern Italian bread-wheat cultivars grown at different nitrogen levels. European Journal of Agronomy 21(2): 181-192.
  • Hafsi M, Mechmeche W, Bouamama L, Djekoune A, Zaharieva M & Monneveux P (2000). Flag leaf senescence, as evaluated by numerical image analysis, and its relationship with yield under drought in durum wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 185(4): 275-280.
  • Helm C V & Francisco A D (2004). Chemıcal Characterızatıon Of Brazılıan Hulless Barley Varıetıes, Flour Fractıonatıon,And Proteın Concentratıon. Sci. Agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.) Nov./Dec, 61(6): 593-597.
  • Jaradat A A (2011). Ecogeography, genetic diversity, and breeding value of wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides). AJCS 5(9): 1072-1086.
  • Kaplan M, Akar T, Kamalak A & Bulut S (2014). Use of diploid and tetraploid hulled wheat genotypes for animal feeding. Turk J Agric For 38: 838-846.
  • Karagöz A & Zencirci N (2005). Variation in wheat (Triticum spp.) landraces from different altitudes of three regions of Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 52: 775-785.
  • Karimi M M &Siddique K H M (1991). Crop growth and relative growth rates of old and modern wheat cultivars. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42(1): 13-20.
  • Kinner M, Nitschko S, Sommeregger J, Petrasch A, Linsberger-Martin, G, Grausgruber H, Berghofer E & Siebenhandl-Ehn S (2011). Naked barley optimized recipe for pure barley bread with sufficient beta-glucan according to the EFSA health claims. Journal of Cereal Science 53: 225-230.
  • Konvalina P, Capouchova I, Stehno Z & Moudry J (2010). Agronomic characteristics of the spring forms of the wheat landraces (einkorn, emmer, spelt, intermediate bread wheat) grown in organic farming. J. Agrobiol 27(1): 9–17.
  • Konvalina P, Capouchova I & Stehno Z (2012). Agronomically important traits of emmer wheat. Plant Soil Environ 58(8): 341-346.
  • Konvalina P, Capouchová I & Stehno Z (2013). Baking quality of hulled wheat species in organic farming. Nutrition and Food Engineering 7(6): 370-373.
  • Köten M, Ünsal A S & Atlı A (2013). Arpanın insan gıdası olarak değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 1(2): 51-55.
  • Kucek L K, Dyck E, Russell J, Clark L, Hamelman J, Burns-Leader S, Senders S, Jones J, Benscher D, Davis M, Roth G, Zwinger S, Sorrells M E & Dawson J C (2017). Evaluation of wheat and emmer varieties for artisanal baking, pasta making, and sensory quality. Journal of Cereal Science 74: 19-27.
  • Lachman J, Orsak M, Pivec V & Jiru K (2012a). Antioxidant activity of grain of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer (Triticum dicoccum Schuebl [Schrank]) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Plant Soil Environ 58(1): 15-21.
  • Lachman J, Musilova J, Kotikova Z, Hejtmankova K, Orsak M & Pribyl J (2012b). Spring, einkorn and emmer wheat species – potential rich sources of free ferulic acid and other phenolic compounds. Plant Soil Environ 58(8): 347-353.
  • Longin C F H & Würschum T (2016). Back to the future - Tapping into ancient grains for food diversity. Trend Plant Science 21: 731-737.
  • Morgounov A, Keser M, Kan M, Küçükçongar M, Özdemir F, Gummadov N, Muminjanov H, Zuev E & Qualset C O (2016). Wheat landraces currently grown in Turkey: distribution, diversity, and use. Crop Science 56: 3112-3124.
  • Ottekin A, Akar T, Tosun H, Ozan A N & Demir Z (1996). Kavuzsuz arpanın tarımsal ve teknolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. IV. Ulusal Nükleer Tarım ve Hayvancılık Kongresi, 25-27 Eylül 1996, Bursa, s.103-108.
  • Ozturk A & Aydin F (2004). Effect of Water Stress at Various Growth Stages on Some Quality Characteristics of Winter Wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 190(2): 93-99.
  • Ozturk A, Çağlar Ö & Bulut S (2006). Growth and Yield Response of Facultative Wheat to Winter Sowing, Freezing Sowing and Spring Sowing at Different Seeding Rates. J. Agronomy & Crop Science 192: 10-16.
  • Öztürk A (1999a). Ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinde kurağa dayanıklılık. Turk J. Agric. For. 23(Ek sayı 5): 1237-1247. Öztürk A (1999b). Kuraklığın kışlık buğdayın gelişmesi ve verimine etkisi. Turk J. Agric. For. 23(5): 531-540.
  • Öztürk A, Çağlar Ö & Tufan (2001). Bazı Arpa Çeşitlerinin Erzurum Koşullarına Adaptasyonu. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 32(2): 109-115.
  • Panozzo J F & Eagles H A (2000). Cultivar and environmental effects on qualty characters in wheat. II. Protein. Aust. J. Agric. Research 51: 629-636.
  • Salantur A, Öztürk A, Akten Ş, Şahin F & Dönmez M F (2006). Growth and yield response of spring wheat Triticum aestivum L to inoculation with rhizobacteria. Plant Soil Environ 3: 111-118.
  • Sterna V, Zute S, Jansone I & Kantane I (2017). Chemical composition of covered and naked spring barley varieties and their potential for food production. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Science 67( 2): 151-158.
  • Taketa S, Kikuchi S, Awayama T, Yamamoto S, Ichii M & Kawasaki S (2004). Monophyletic origin of naked barley inferred from molecular analyses of a marker closely linked to the naked caryopsis gene (nud). Theor Appl Genet 108: 1236-1242.
  • Tobiasz-Salach R, Jankowska D, Bobrecka-Jamro D & Buczek J (2012). Graın yıeld and chemıcal composıtıon of new, naked lınes of barley grown ın condıtıons of subcarpathıan regıon. Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura 11(1): 99-111.
  • Troccoli A & Codianni P (2005). Appropriate seeding rate for einkorn, emmer, and spelt grown under rainfed condition in southern Italy. Europ J Agron 22: 293-300.
  • Wiegand C L & Cuellar J A (1981). Duration of Grain Filling and Kernel Weight of Wheat as Affected by Temparature 1. Crop Science 21(1): 95-101.
  • Yan W, Yao H, Nie S & Li Y (2016). Mineral analysis of hulless barley grown in different areas and its β-glucan concentrates. Cogent Food and Agriculture 2: 1-8. Zaharieva M & Monneveux P (2014). Cultivated einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum): the long life of a founder crop of agriculture. Genet Resour Crop Evol 1-31.
  • Zeng X Q (2015). Genetic variability in agronomic traits of a germplasm collection of hulless barley. Genetics and Molecular Research 14(4): 18356-18369.

Agronomic Performance of the Alternative Cereal Species in the Highest Plain of Turkey

Year 2021, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 195 - 203, 04.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.630466

Abstract

Due to their important nutrition and health potential, the interest in einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) and emmer (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) wheat, as well as naked barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum) species is increasing. The study examined the agricultural properties related to three einkorn wheats, three emmer wheats and two naked barleys, one bread wheat and one hulled barley in spring sowing under irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Depending on irrigated and rain-fed agriculture conditions, the vegetative period of genotypes varied between 59.3-71.7 and 58.2-71.0 days, grain filling period varied between 29.8-38.0 and 26.7-33.8 days, plant height varied between 79.6-105.2 and 79.1-99.0 cm, the number of spike per square-meter varied between 533.3-682.5 and 457.5-573.3, the number of grains per spike varied between 16.1-22.6 and 13.6-20.0, the 1000-kernel weight varied between 31.2-54.6 g and 28.0-47.6 g, the grain yield varied between 2410-4099 kg ha-1 and 1716-2660 kg ha-1, and the crude protein content varied between 10.1-13.5% and 10.4-14.8%, respectively. The highest grain yield was obtained from Tokak 157/37 barley cultivar, while the highest crude protein contents were obtained from einkorn genotypes. The number of spike per square-meter, the number of grains per spike, the 1000 kernel weight and the grain yield decreased by 14.6%, 9.4%, 8.7%, and 26.2% respectively, while the crude protein content increased by 8.2% under rain-fed agriculture conditions. It was determined that Özen and Yalın barley varieties could not be an alternative to Tokak 157/37 barley cultivar due to low grain yield and protein content. Einkorn cv. Çatalyazı and emmer wheat cv. Çağlayan in irrigated conditions, and all the einkorn and emmer genotypes in rain-fed conditions were superior to Kırik wheat genotype in terms of grain yield. The genotypes of the einkorn had a significantly higher grain protein content compared to the Kırik and emmer genotypes. It is possible to note that Çatalyazı and Çağlayan genotypes are promising cereals in Erzurum region

Project Number

FBA-2017-6188

References

  • Altan A, Yağcı S, Maskan M & Göğüş F (2006). Arpanın ürün bazında değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye 9. Gıda Kongresi, 24-26 Mayıs 2006, Bolu, s. 495-498
  • American Association of Cereal Chemist (2010). Approved methods of the AACC. St. Paul, MN, USA. Aslan D, Ordu B & Zencirci N, (2016a). Einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) tolerates cold stress better than bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during germination. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 25(2): 182-192
  • Aslan D Zencirci N, Etöz M, Ordu B & Bataw S (2016b). Bread wheat responds salt stress better than einkorn wheat does during germination. Turk J Agric For 40: 783-794.
  • Balouchi H R, Sarvestani Z T & Sanavy S A M M (2005). Agronomic factors on selected hulles barley genotypes. Journal of Agronomy 4(4): 333-339.
  • Borghi B, Castagna R, Corbellini M, Heun M & Salamini F (1996). Breadmaking quality of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum). Cereal Chem 73(29): 208-214.
  • Bogale A & Tesfaye K (2011). Relationships between kernel ash content, water use efficiency and yield in durum wheat under water deficit induced at different growth stages. African J. Basic Appl. Science 3(3): 80-86.
  • Brandolini A, Hidalgo A & Moscaritolo S (2008). Chemical composition and pasting properties of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) whole meal flour. Journal of Cereal Science 47: 599-609.
  • Chatzav M, Peleg Z, Ozturk L, Yazici A, Fahima T, Cakmak I & Saranga Y (2010). Genetic diversity for grain nutrients in wild emmer wheat: potential for wheat improvement. Annals of Botany 105: 1211-1220.
  • Çağlar Ö, Öztürk A & Bulut S (2006). Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinin Erzurum Ovası Koşullarına Adaptasyonu. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 37(1): 1-7.
  • Dickin E, Steele K, Edwards-Jones G & Wright D (2012). Agronomic diversity of naked barley (Hordeum vulgare L.):a potential resource for breeding new food barley for Europe. Euphytica 184: 85-99.
  • Feng K, Cui L, Lv S, Bian J, Wang M, Song W & Nie X (2018). Comprehensive evaluating of wild and cultivated emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) genotypes response to salt stress. Plant Growth Regul 84: 261–273.
  • Frederick J R & Camberato J J (1995). Water and nitrojen effects on winter in the Southeastern Coastal Plain : II. Physiological respons. Agronomy Journal 87: 521-526.
  • Geisslitza S, Wieser H, Scherfa K.A & Koehler P (2018). Gluten protein composition and aggregation properties as predictors for bread volume of common wheat, spelt, durum wheat, emmer and einkorn. Journal of Cereal Science 74: 19-27.
  • Gomez-Macpherson H & Richards R A (1995). Effects of sowing time on yield and agronomic characteristics of wheat in south-eastern Australia. Aust J. Agric. Research 46(7): 1381-1399.
  • Guarda G, Padovan S & Delogu G (2004). Grain yield, nitrogen-use efficiency and baking quality of old and modern Italian bread-wheat cultivars grown at different nitrogen levels. European Journal of Agronomy 21(2): 181-192.
  • Hafsi M, Mechmeche W, Bouamama L, Djekoune A, Zaharieva M & Monneveux P (2000). Flag leaf senescence, as evaluated by numerical image analysis, and its relationship with yield under drought in durum wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 185(4): 275-280.
  • Helm C V & Francisco A D (2004). Chemıcal Characterızatıon Of Brazılıan Hulless Barley Varıetıes, Flour Fractıonatıon,And Proteın Concentratıon. Sci. Agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.) Nov./Dec, 61(6): 593-597.
  • Jaradat A A (2011). Ecogeography, genetic diversity, and breeding value of wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides). AJCS 5(9): 1072-1086.
  • Kaplan M, Akar T, Kamalak A & Bulut S (2014). Use of diploid and tetraploid hulled wheat genotypes for animal feeding. Turk J Agric For 38: 838-846.
  • Karagöz A & Zencirci N (2005). Variation in wheat (Triticum spp.) landraces from different altitudes of three regions of Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 52: 775-785.
  • Karimi M M &Siddique K H M (1991). Crop growth and relative growth rates of old and modern wheat cultivars. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42(1): 13-20.
  • Kinner M, Nitschko S, Sommeregger J, Petrasch A, Linsberger-Martin, G, Grausgruber H, Berghofer E & Siebenhandl-Ehn S (2011). Naked barley optimized recipe for pure barley bread with sufficient beta-glucan according to the EFSA health claims. Journal of Cereal Science 53: 225-230.
  • Konvalina P, Capouchova I, Stehno Z & Moudry J (2010). Agronomic characteristics of the spring forms of the wheat landraces (einkorn, emmer, spelt, intermediate bread wheat) grown in organic farming. J. Agrobiol 27(1): 9–17.
  • Konvalina P, Capouchova I & Stehno Z (2012). Agronomically important traits of emmer wheat. Plant Soil Environ 58(8): 341-346.
  • Konvalina P, Capouchová I & Stehno Z (2013). Baking quality of hulled wheat species in organic farming. Nutrition and Food Engineering 7(6): 370-373.
  • Köten M, Ünsal A S & Atlı A (2013). Arpanın insan gıdası olarak değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 1(2): 51-55.
  • Kucek L K, Dyck E, Russell J, Clark L, Hamelman J, Burns-Leader S, Senders S, Jones J, Benscher D, Davis M, Roth G, Zwinger S, Sorrells M E & Dawson J C (2017). Evaluation of wheat and emmer varieties for artisanal baking, pasta making, and sensory quality. Journal of Cereal Science 74: 19-27.
  • Lachman J, Orsak M, Pivec V & Jiru K (2012a). Antioxidant activity of grain of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer (Triticum dicoccum Schuebl [Schrank]) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Plant Soil Environ 58(1): 15-21.
  • Lachman J, Musilova J, Kotikova Z, Hejtmankova K, Orsak M & Pribyl J (2012b). Spring, einkorn and emmer wheat species – potential rich sources of free ferulic acid and other phenolic compounds. Plant Soil Environ 58(8): 347-353.
  • Longin C F H & Würschum T (2016). Back to the future - Tapping into ancient grains for food diversity. Trend Plant Science 21: 731-737.
  • Morgounov A, Keser M, Kan M, Küçükçongar M, Özdemir F, Gummadov N, Muminjanov H, Zuev E & Qualset C O (2016). Wheat landraces currently grown in Turkey: distribution, diversity, and use. Crop Science 56: 3112-3124.
  • Ottekin A, Akar T, Tosun H, Ozan A N & Demir Z (1996). Kavuzsuz arpanın tarımsal ve teknolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. IV. Ulusal Nükleer Tarım ve Hayvancılık Kongresi, 25-27 Eylül 1996, Bursa, s.103-108.
  • Ozturk A & Aydin F (2004). Effect of Water Stress at Various Growth Stages on Some Quality Characteristics of Winter Wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 190(2): 93-99.
  • Ozturk A, Çağlar Ö & Bulut S (2006). Growth and Yield Response of Facultative Wheat to Winter Sowing, Freezing Sowing and Spring Sowing at Different Seeding Rates. J. Agronomy & Crop Science 192: 10-16.
  • Öztürk A (1999a). Ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinde kurağa dayanıklılık. Turk J. Agric. For. 23(Ek sayı 5): 1237-1247. Öztürk A (1999b). Kuraklığın kışlık buğdayın gelişmesi ve verimine etkisi. Turk J. Agric. For. 23(5): 531-540.
  • Öztürk A, Çağlar Ö & Tufan (2001). Bazı Arpa Çeşitlerinin Erzurum Koşullarına Adaptasyonu. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 32(2): 109-115.
  • Panozzo J F & Eagles H A (2000). Cultivar and environmental effects on qualty characters in wheat. II. Protein. Aust. J. Agric. Research 51: 629-636.
  • Salantur A, Öztürk A, Akten Ş, Şahin F & Dönmez M F (2006). Growth and yield response of spring wheat Triticum aestivum L to inoculation with rhizobacteria. Plant Soil Environ 3: 111-118.
  • Sterna V, Zute S, Jansone I & Kantane I (2017). Chemical composition of covered and naked spring barley varieties and their potential for food production. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Science 67( 2): 151-158.
  • Taketa S, Kikuchi S, Awayama T, Yamamoto S, Ichii M & Kawasaki S (2004). Monophyletic origin of naked barley inferred from molecular analyses of a marker closely linked to the naked caryopsis gene (nud). Theor Appl Genet 108: 1236-1242.
  • Tobiasz-Salach R, Jankowska D, Bobrecka-Jamro D & Buczek J (2012). Graın yıeld and chemıcal composıtıon of new, naked lınes of barley grown ın condıtıons of subcarpathıan regıon. Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura 11(1): 99-111.
  • Troccoli A & Codianni P (2005). Appropriate seeding rate for einkorn, emmer, and spelt grown under rainfed condition in southern Italy. Europ J Agron 22: 293-300.
  • Wiegand C L & Cuellar J A (1981). Duration of Grain Filling and Kernel Weight of Wheat as Affected by Temparature 1. Crop Science 21(1): 95-101.
  • Yan W, Yao H, Nie S & Li Y (2016). Mineral analysis of hulless barley grown in different areas and its β-glucan concentrates. Cogent Food and Agriculture 2: 1-8. Zaharieva M & Monneveux P (2014). Cultivated einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum): the long life of a founder crop of agriculture. Genet Resour Crop Evol 1-31.
  • Zeng X Q (2015). Genetic variability in agronomic traits of a germplasm collection of hulless barley. Genetics and Molecular Research 14(4): 18356-18369.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ali Öztürk 0000-0001-7673-114X

Sevnur Akkuş Ekinci This is me 0000-0001-8574-4348

Selçuk Kodaz 0000-0002-4599-3574

Murat Aydın 0000-0003-1091-0609

Project Number FBA-2017-6188
Publication Date June 4, 2021
Submission Date October 7, 2019
Acceptance Date February 3, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 27 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Öztürk, A., Akkuş Ekinci, S., Kodaz, S., Aydın, M. (2021). Agronomic Performance of the Alternative Cereal Species in the Highest Plain of Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 27(2), 195-203. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.630466

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