Ṭaḥāwī is the author of the first concise fiqh book that summarizes the views of Ḥanafī school imāms. In this book, he reported the views of Abū Ḥanīfa, Abū Yūsuf and Muḥammad S̲h̲aybānī and was described as the person who knew the views of the predecessor in this regard. Jaṣṣāṣ also commented on Ṭaḥāwī's related book and he stated that Ṭaḥāwī was a reliable scholar in conveying the views of Ḥanafī imāms in his book. However, Jaṣṣāṣ objects to some of the views attributed to Ḥanafī imāms by Ṭaḥāwī and expresses that he was wrong by expressing that they are not true, meaningless and wrong. It is noteworthy that there are differences in the views attributed to the imāms of the sect in the works of two scholars who played a very important role in the transfer of the usūl and furūʿ views of the sect to the next periods within the Ḥanafī sect. At the same time, the question of which of these views are included in fiqh books written in later periods is also of particular importance. In this study, in the context of the work of S̲h̲arḥ Muh̲taṣar al-Ṭaḥāwī, the objections made by Jaṣṣāṣ to Ṭaḥāwī about the basic ʿibādāt will be evaluated and it will be tried to determine which views are included in the fiqh books in the following periods. Although Jaṣṣāṣ attributes Ṭaḥāwī to mistakes in many places, his objections at the point of basic ʿibādāt are discussed in this study. In this context, he said that the narration of Jaṣṣāṣ Ṭaḥāwī was not correct, which means that the imām should replace someone when his ablution is broken or he cannot perform the prayer. In many fiqh books written in the following period, it was accepted that the opinion of Jaṣṣāṣ -though not mentioned- was valid. Jaṣṣāṣ states that the opinion of Ṭaḥāwī about the witnessing of the ramaḍān hilāl is also not correct. Ṭaḥāwī says that the testimony of the only unfair person will be valid, but Jaṣṣāṣ does not accept it. It has been seen that the opinion conveyed by Jaṣṣāṣ on this issue is included in the fiqh books written in the following periods as the view of the Ḥanafī school. Jaṣṣāṣ did not find true what Ṭaḥāwī said about the young child's entry into iḥrām. For, according to what Jaṣṣāṣ states, the view of the sect is that the child's iḥrām is not valid. Likewise, Jaṣṣāṣ criticizes the information given by Ṭaḥāwī about what to do if a person who fasts and completes his fasting instead of the hedy sacrifice in tamattuʻ and ḳirān pilgrimage after the days that can be sacrificed. While it should be stated that the fast of this person is accepted as valid and that he does not have the responsibility of the sacrifice of the hady, it is not correct according to Jaṣṣāṣ that Ṭaḥāwī uses absolute expressions to include this person. Jaṣṣāṣ said that what Ṭaḥāwī said about the saʿy to be made between al-Ṣafā and al-Marwa was wrong. However, it was understood from the way that Jaṣṣāṣ explained the subject that he thought that there was no error in the information given by Ṭaḥāwī. Despite this, Jaṣṣāṣ's attribution of error to Ṭaḥāwī is due to Ṭaḥāwī's misrepresentation of the issue.
Tahâvî, Hanefî mezhep imamlarının görüşlerini özetleyen ilk muhtasar fıkıh kitabının yazarıdır. Bu kitabında Ebû Hanîfe, Ebû Yûsuf ve Muhammed Şeybânî’nin görüşlerini nakletmiş ve bu hususta selefin görüşlerini en iyi bilen kimse olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Cessâs da Tahâvî’nin ilgili kitabını şerh etmiş ve kitabında Tahâvî’nin Hanefî mezhebi imamlarının görüşlerini nakletme hususunda güvenilir bir âlim olduğunu belirtmiştir. Bununla birlikte Cessâs, Tahâvî tarafından Hanefî imamlara nispet edilen bazı görüşlere itiraz ederek genellikle “ليس بسديد” (doğru değil), “لا معنى” (anlamsız/anlamı yok) ve “غلط” (yanlış/hata) ifadeleriyle onun hata ettiğini ifade etmektedir. Hanefî mezhebi içerisinde mezhebin usûl ve fürû görüşlerinin sonraki dönemlere aktarılmasında çok önemli rolü olan iki âlimin eserlerinde mezhep imamlarına nispet edilen görüşlerde farklılık olması dikkat çekicidir. Aynı zamanda bu görüşlerden hangilerinin sonraki dönemlerde yazılan fıkıh kitaplarında yer aldığı sorusu da ayrı önemi haizdir. Bu çalışmada Şerhu Muhtasari’t-Tahâvî eseri bağlamında Cessâs’ın temel ibadetlerle ilgili Tahâvî’ye yaptığı itirazlar değerlendirilerek sonraki dönemlerde fıkıh kitaplarında hangi görüşlere yer verildiği tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Religious Studies |
Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 28, 2020 |
Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 |