Abstract
Massive quantities of energy and electricity will be needed to meet the needs and demands of the ever increasing population. However, no single energy source is sufficient to meet the required base load. Therefore, a combination of energy sources among which nuclear energy will continue to have an important share will be necessary. Instead of uranium (U), which is the most widely exploited and most disputed NE fuel, a much greener fuel -Thorium (Th)- may be used. Th with the great advantages it offers can be a promising fuel, but more effective, efficient and facile methods of analysis and monitoring should be developed. In this study, such an analysis method is developed via green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles and GA method (GAM). PVA -a bio-compatible polymer- was employed as support material for immobilization of Thorin -1-(2-Arsonophenylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt- which is a successful complexing agent for the REE's and a highly selective and sensitive organo-analytical reagent for Th4+. Thorin was immobilized on PVA via physical immobilization method. This binding provided a very strong bond which allowed the continuous employment of the sorbent over a one year period with negligible leaching of the ligand. The sorbent was employed in preconcentration of Th from its aqueous solutions at trace levels and was sensitively, selectively and accurately detected by UV-VIS photometer. Exploitation of GAC provided a facile, eco-friendly, highly selective, sensitive, accurate and on-line method of analysis and monitoring of Th. Thereby, one of the big obstacles in the way of the wide-spread employment of Th as NE fuel may overcome.
Keywords
References
- US Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Jan. 2004
- D’Aprano, A.; B., Sesta; A., Capalbi; M., Lammarino; V., Mauro.Transport properties and ion pair formation of lithium, sodium and potassium ions cryptated by [222] in methanol and acetonitrile, J of ElectroanalChem,1996, 403, 21 (1-2): 257-260.
- Laxic S, Vukovic Z, Ion exchange of strontium on synthetic hydroxyapatite, J. of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chem. Articles, 1991, 149 (1): 161-168.
- Sherrington DC, Hodge P, Synthesis and Separations Using Functional Polymers, Toronto: John Wiley&Sons, 1988.
- Yeh, H, Eichinger BE; Andersen NH, Metal- acetylacetonate chelate crosslinkedgelsJournal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Ed., 1982, 20 (9): 2575–2602
- Anastas PT, Warner JC, Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
- StrunkJr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan; 1979.
Abstract
Massive quantities of energy and electricity will be needed to meet the needs and demands of the ever increasing population. However, no single energy source is sufficient to meet the required base load. Therefore, a combination of energy sources among which nuclear energy will continue to have an important share will be necessary. Instead of uranium (U), which is the most widely exploited and most disputed NE fuel, a much greener fuel -Thorium (Th)- may be used. Th with the great advantages it offers can be a promising fuel, but more effective, efficient and facile methods of analysis and monitoring should be developed. In this study, such an analysis method is developed via green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles and GA method (GAM). PVA -a bio-compatible polymer- was employed as support material for immobilization of Thorin -1-(2-Arsonophenylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt- which is a successful complexing agent for the REE’s and a highly selective and sensitive organoanalytical reagent for Th4+. Thorin was immobilized on PVA via physical immobilization method. This binding provided a very strong bond which allowed the continuous employment of the sorbent over a one year period with negligible leaching of the ligand. The sorbent was employed in preconcentration of Th from its aqueous solutions at trace levels and was sensitively, selectively and accurately detected by UV-VIS photometer. Exploitation of GAC provided a facile, eco-friendly, highly selective, sensitive, accurate and on-line method of analysis and monitoring of Th. Thereby, one of the big obstacles in the way of the wide-spread employment of Th as NE fuel may overcome.
Keywords
References
- US Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Jan. 2004
- D’Aprano, A.; B., Sesta; A., Capalbi; M., Lammarino; V., Mauro.Transport properties and ion pair formation of lithium, sodium and potassium ions cryptated by [222] in methanol and acetonitrile, J of ElectroanalChem,1996, 403, 21 (1-2): 257-260.
- Laxic S, Vukovic Z, Ion exchange of strontium on synthetic hydroxyapatite, J. of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chem. Articles, 1991, 149 (1): 161-168.
- Sherrington DC, Hodge P, Synthesis and Separations Using Functional Polymers, Toronto: John Wiley&Sons, 1988.
- Yeh, H, Eichinger BE; Andersen NH, Metal- acetylacetonate chelate crosslinkedgelsJournal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Ed., 1982, 20 (9): 2575–2602
- Anastas PT, Warner JC, Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
- StrunkJr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan; 1979.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 1, 2014 |
| Submission Date | November 14, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2014 Volume: 2 Issue: 2 |