Tedarik Zincirinde Kaos: Bir Literatür Taraması

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 449 - 466, 28.09.2019

Neslihan Açıkgöz Gültekin Çağıl

https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.562192

Abstract

Tedarik zinciri ,ürün veya hizmetin  tedarikçiden başlayıp son  müşteriye ulaşana  kadar ki süreçte birçok varlık ve etmen
arasındaki etkileşimlerin bütününden oluşan 
dinamik bir sistemdir. Zamanla artan müşteri sayıları ve bağlantılarıyla
değişen ilişkiler bu dinamik sistemi daha karmaşık hale getirmektedir. Giderek
büyüyen bu sistem karmaşıklığı öngürülemez sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Bu
karmaşıklığın nedeni olarak gözlenebilen ya da gözlenemeyen birçok faktör
gösterilebilir. Rekabet ortamının arttığı 
global dünyada firmalar bu karmaşıklığı çözmenin en iyi yolu olarak
tedarik zincirinin her halkasının kusursuz işlemesi  olarak görmektedir. Halkanın içerisinde
etkisi yok denecek kadar küçük olduğu düşünülüp 
göz ardı edilen bir kısım faktörlerin etkilerinin büyük olduğu, yapılan
analizlerle ortaya konmuştur. Zincirin 
herhangi bir yerindeki küçük bir aksaklık ise tedarik zincirinde
önlenemez bir kaosa yol açabilmektedir. Öngörülemezlik nedeniyle başlangıç
koşullarında yapılan ufak bir değişiklik veya bir hata tedarik zinciri sistemi
yönetiminin sonuçlarında beklenmedik büyük dalgalanmalara ve güçlüklere sebep
olacaktır. Literatürde yapılan bazı çalışmalara göre tedarik zinciri
sistemi,  kaos kuramının temeli olan
kelebek etkisine en iyi örneklerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, tedarik zinciri
yönetimi konusunda sistemdeki  kaotik
durumların ortaya konması, bundan kaçınmak için yapılabilecek çalışmalar ve
kaos kontrolü gibi  tedarik zinciri
sistemi içerisinde kaos kuramının varlığı ile ilgili makaleler, bildiriler ve
doktora seviyesindeki tezleri araştırmak ve bu ilişkiyi inceleyen
araştırmacılara kolaylık sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda kaos
kuramının karar verme rolü, tedarik zincirinin kaotik niteliklerinin
irdelenmesi, matematiksel model oluşturma ile kaotik yapısının incelenmesi,
kaos kontrol ve senkronizasyon konuları üzerinde durulduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Kaos, Tedarik Zinciri

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