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Seismicity of Turkey and Real-Time Seismology Applications in Determining Earthquake Hazard

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 96 - 111, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.52114/apjhad.1039670

Abstract

Turkey is between three major tectonic plates, is the most active area of the Mediterranean region in terms of earthquake activity. Relative motions between the African, Arabian and Eurasian plates account for most of the tectonic activity in the region. As a result, the Anatolian plate has a high danger for seismicity. This consists of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) and SE Anatolian Thrust Zone which form the borders of the Anatolian Plate and important active fault segments throughout Western Anatolia. All these active faults cause a short time intervals intensive damages in Turkey earthquakes. In order to investigate and to real-time monitor the seismic activity and seismotectonic of Turkey and its vicinity, The Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) of Bogaziçi University and AFAD operates seismic stations countrywide. Observatory has been supplying mainly 3 kind of seismological data: phase readings, waveform and catalogue to the earth scientists in Turkey. Earth science studies have an important contribution to the emergence of earthquake hazard. The evaluation of the data receiving from the seismic stations contributes to the determination of earthquake hazard in detail, and to contribute to the minimization of the risks of the earthquake by developing earthquake catalogues. Also, all of the earthquake parameters after the earthquake, automatically distributed and mapped. After an important earthquake, KOERI and AFAD is quickly sent information from the smartphones to the society and the decision-making institutions carrying out disaster studies.

References

  • 1. Cambaz, M. D., Özer, M., Güneş, Y., Ergün, T., Öğütcü, Z., Altuncu‐Poyraz, S., … & Özener, H. (2021). Evolution of the Kandilli observatory and earthquake research institute (KOERI) seismic network and the data center facilities as a primary node of EIDA. Seismological Society of America, 92(3), 1571-1580.
  • 2. Duman, T. Y., Çan, T., Emre, Ö., Kadirioğlu, F. T., Baştürk, N. B., Kılıç, T., ... & Kurt, A. İ. (2018). Seismotectonic database of Turkey. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3277-3316.
  • 3. Ansari, K., Corumluoglu, O., & Sharma, S. K. (2017). Numerical simulation of crustal strain in Turkey from continuous GNSS measurements in the interval 2009–2017. Journal of Geodetic Science, 7(1), 113-129.
  • 4. D. KALAFAT (2021) Kuşadası’nın Deprem ve Tsunami Potansiyeli ORTA EGE BÖLGESİNİN SİSMOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ, Kuşadası Belediyesi Deprem Ve Kentsel Dönüşüm Çalıştayı, 8 Aralık 2021, Kuşadası-Aydın.
  • 5. Kalafat D, M. N. Toksöz (2017). An overview of the seismic activity and gaps in the Marmara Sea Area, JpGU AGU Joint Meeting 2017 Japan Geoscience Union, Presentation Number: SSS13-P12, 20-25 Mayıs 2017 Makuhari Messe International Conference Hall, Makuhari-Tokyo, Japan.
  • 6. Kalafat, D. , M. N. Toksoz (2015). A Catalogue of Source Parameters of Moderate and Strong Earthquakes for Turkey and its Surrounding Area (1938-2015), 2015 AGU Fall Meeting, Abstract ID: 65134, S11A-2736.
  • 7. Taymaz, T., Tan, O., & Yolsal, S. (2004). Active tectonics of Turkey and surroundings: Seismic risk in the Marmara Sea region. In Proc. 1st International Workshop on Active Monitoring in the Earth Geophysics (IWAM04), Mizunami, Japan, Extended Abstract Book (pp. 110-115).
  • 8. Duman, T. Y., & Emre, Ö. (2013). The East Anatolian Fault: geometry, segmentation and jog characteristics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 372(1), 495-529.
  • 9. Ambraseys, N. N., & Jackson, J. A. (1998). Faulting associated with historical and recent earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Geophysical Journal International, 133(2), 390-406.
  • 10. Tan, O., Pabuçcu, Z., Tapırdamaz, M. C., İnan, S., Ergintav, S., Eyidoğan, H., ... & Kuluöztürk, F. (2011). Aftershock study and seismotectonic implications of the 8 March 2010 Kovancılar (Elazığ, Turkey) earthquake (MW= 6.1). Geophysical Research Letters, 38(11).
  • 11. Kalafat, D., K. Kekovalı, P. Deniz, Y. Güneş, A. Pınar, G. Horasan (2008). 31 Temmuz-1 Ağustos 2005 ve 20-27 Aralık 2007 Afşar-Bala (Ankara) Deprem Dizisi, DAYK2008, T.C. Sakarya Üniversitesi Doğal Afetler ve Yerbilimleri Kulübü, 1. Ulusal Doğal Afetler ve Yerbilimleri Sempozyumu, Bildiriler Kitabı (in Turkish), s. 21-30, 19-22 Mart 2008, Adapazarı.
  • 12. Kadirioğlu, F. T., Kartal, R. F., Kılıç, T., Kalafat, D., Duman, T. Y., Azak, T. E., ... & Emre, Ö. (2018). An improved earthquake catalogue (M≥ 4.0) for Turkey and its near vicinity (1900–2012). Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3317-3338
  • 13. Gutenberg B, Richter CF (1954) Seismicity of the earth and associated phenomena, 2nd edn. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
  • 14. Alsan E, Tezuc¸an L, Bath M (1975) An earthquake catalogue for Turkey for the interval 1913–1970. Kandilli Observatory Seismological Department Çengelköy-İstanbul, Turkey and Seismological Institute Box 517, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
  • 15. Ayhan E, Alsan E, Sancaklı N, Üçer SB (1981) Turkey and surrounding earthquake catalogue 1881–1980. Bogazici University Publications, Istanbul
  • 16. Ambraseys NN, Finkel CF (1987) Seismicity of Turkey and neighbouring regions, 1899–1915. Ann Geophys 5B(6):701–726
  • 17. Ambraseys NN, Jackson JA (1998) Faulting associated with historical and recent earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Geophys J Int 133:390–406
  • 18. Kalafat D, Günes¸ Y, Kekovalı K, Kara M, Deniz P, Yılmazer M (2011) A revised and extended earthquake catalogue for Turkey since 1900 (M C 4.0). Bogazici University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Istanbul
  • 19. Kadirioğlu, F. T., Kartal, R. F., Kılıç, T., Kalafat, D., Duman, T. Y., Azak, T. E., ... & Emre, Ö. (2018). An improved earthquake catalogue (M≥ 4.0) for Turkey and its near vicinity (1900–2012). Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3317-3338.
  • 20. Erdik, M., & Öner, S. (1982). A rational approach for the probabilistic assessment of the seismic risk associated with the North Anatolian Fault. In Multidisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Prediction (pp. 115-127). Vieweg+ Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden.
  • 21. Erdik, M., Biro, Y. A., Onur, T., Sesetyan, K., & Birgoren, G. (1999). Assessment of earthquake hazard in Turkey and neighboring. Annals of Geophysics, 42(6).
  • 22. Kayabali, K. (2002). Modeling of seismic hazard for Turkey using the recent neotectonic data. Engineering Geology, 63(3-4), 221-232.
  • 23. D. Kalafat (2019). Contribution of Seismic Network for Earthquake Risk Identification and Community Resilience: A Case Study in Turkey, The 6th International Symposium on Engineering and Natural Sciences, ISEANS-0010, November 19-22, 2019 Bangkok, Thailand.
  • 24. Woessner J, Danciu L, Giardini D, Crowley H, Cotton F, Grünthal G, Valensise G, Arvidsson R, Basili R, Demircioglu MN, Hiemer S, Meletti C, Musson RW, Rovida AN, Sesetyan K, Stucchi M, the SHARE consortium (2015) The 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model: key components and results. Bull Earthq Eng. doi:10.1007/s10518-015-9795-1
  • 25. Tepeugur,E.,Kuru,T.,Apak,A.,Kökbudak,D.,Tekin,K.,Ateş,E.,Sezer,S.,Kaplan,M.,Eravcı,B.,Yalçın,D.,Baykal,M.,Çetin,C., Şahin,C.(2017). AFAD Kuvvetli Yer Hareketi Gözlem Sistemlerine İlişkin Son Gelişmeler. 4. Uluslararası Deprem Mühendisliği ve Sismoloji Konferansı 11-13 Ekim 2017 – ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ – ESKİŞEHİR
  • 26. Wald, D. J., C. B. Worden, V. Quitoriano, and K. L. Pankow (2006). ShakeMap® Manual, Technical Manual, Users Guide and Software Guide; http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2005/12A01/pdf/508TM12-A1.pdf.
Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 96 - 111, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.52114/apjhad.1039670

Abstract

References

  • 1. Cambaz, M. D., Özer, M., Güneş, Y., Ergün, T., Öğütcü, Z., Altuncu‐Poyraz, S., … & Özener, H. (2021). Evolution of the Kandilli observatory and earthquake research institute (KOERI) seismic network and the data center facilities as a primary node of EIDA. Seismological Society of America, 92(3), 1571-1580.
  • 2. Duman, T. Y., Çan, T., Emre, Ö., Kadirioğlu, F. T., Baştürk, N. B., Kılıç, T., ... & Kurt, A. İ. (2018). Seismotectonic database of Turkey. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3277-3316.
  • 3. Ansari, K., Corumluoglu, O., & Sharma, S. K. (2017). Numerical simulation of crustal strain in Turkey from continuous GNSS measurements in the interval 2009–2017. Journal of Geodetic Science, 7(1), 113-129.
  • 4. D. KALAFAT (2021) Kuşadası’nın Deprem ve Tsunami Potansiyeli ORTA EGE BÖLGESİNİN SİSMOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ, Kuşadası Belediyesi Deprem Ve Kentsel Dönüşüm Çalıştayı, 8 Aralık 2021, Kuşadası-Aydın.
  • 5. Kalafat D, M. N. Toksöz (2017). An overview of the seismic activity and gaps in the Marmara Sea Area, JpGU AGU Joint Meeting 2017 Japan Geoscience Union, Presentation Number: SSS13-P12, 20-25 Mayıs 2017 Makuhari Messe International Conference Hall, Makuhari-Tokyo, Japan.
  • 6. Kalafat, D. , M. N. Toksoz (2015). A Catalogue of Source Parameters of Moderate and Strong Earthquakes for Turkey and its Surrounding Area (1938-2015), 2015 AGU Fall Meeting, Abstract ID: 65134, S11A-2736.
  • 7. Taymaz, T., Tan, O., & Yolsal, S. (2004). Active tectonics of Turkey and surroundings: Seismic risk in the Marmara Sea region. In Proc. 1st International Workshop on Active Monitoring in the Earth Geophysics (IWAM04), Mizunami, Japan, Extended Abstract Book (pp. 110-115).
  • 8. Duman, T. Y., & Emre, Ö. (2013). The East Anatolian Fault: geometry, segmentation and jog characteristics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 372(1), 495-529.
  • 9. Ambraseys, N. N., & Jackson, J. A. (1998). Faulting associated with historical and recent earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Geophysical Journal International, 133(2), 390-406.
  • 10. Tan, O., Pabuçcu, Z., Tapırdamaz, M. C., İnan, S., Ergintav, S., Eyidoğan, H., ... & Kuluöztürk, F. (2011). Aftershock study and seismotectonic implications of the 8 March 2010 Kovancılar (Elazığ, Turkey) earthquake (MW= 6.1). Geophysical Research Letters, 38(11).
  • 11. Kalafat, D., K. Kekovalı, P. Deniz, Y. Güneş, A. Pınar, G. Horasan (2008). 31 Temmuz-1 Ağustos 2005 ve 20-27 Aralık 2007 Afşar-Bala (Ankara) Deprem Dizisi, DAYK2008, T.C. Sakarya Üniversitesi Doğal Afetler ve Yerbilimleri Kulübü, 1. Ulusal Doğal Afetler ve Yerbilimleri Sempozyumu, Bildiriler Kitabı (in Turkish), s. 21-30, 19-22 Mart 2008, Adapazarı.
  • 12. Kadirioğlu, F. T., Kartal, R. F., Kılıç, T., Kalafat, D., Duman, T. Y., Azak, T. E., ... & Emre, Ö. (2018). An improved earthquake catalogue (M≥ 4.0) for Turkey and its near vicinity (1900–2012). Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3317-3338
  • 13. Gutenberg B, Richter CF (1954) Seismicity of the earth and associated phenomena, 2nd edn. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
  • 14. Alsan E, Tezuc¸an L, Bath M (1975) An earthquake catalogue for Turkey for the interval 1913–1970. Kandilli Observatory Seismological Department Çengelköy-İstanbul, Turkey and Seismological Institute Box 517, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
  • 15. Ayhan E, Alsan E, Sancaklı N, Üçer SB (1981) Turkey and surrounding earthquake catalogue 1881–1980. Bogazici University Publications, Istanbul
  • 16. Ambraseys NN, Finkel CF (1987) Seismicity of Turkey and neighbouring regions, 1899–1915. Ann Geophys 5B(6):701–726
  • 17. Ambraseys NN, Jackson JA (1998) Faulting associated with historical and recent earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Geophys J Int 133:390–406
  • 18. Kalafat D, Günes¸ Y, Kekovalı K, Kara M, Deniz P, Yılmazer M (2011) A revised and extended earthquake catalogue for Turkey since 1900 (M C 4.0). Bogazici University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Istanbul
  • 19. Kadirioğlu, F. T., Kartal, R. F., Kılıç, T., Kalafat, D., Duman, T. Y., Azak, T. E., ... & Emre, Ö. (2018). An improved earthquake catalogue (M≥ 4.0) for Turkey and its near vicinity (1900–2012). Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3317-3338.
  • 20. Erdik, M., & Öner, S. (1982). A rational approach for the probabilistic assessment of the seismic risk associated with the North Anatolian Fault. In Multidisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Prediction (pp. 115-127). Vieweg+ Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden.
  • 21. Erdik, M., Biro, Y. A., Onur, T., Sesetyan, K., & Birgoren, G. (1999). Assessment of earthquake hazard in Turkey and neighboring. Annals of Geophysics, 42(6).
  • 22. Kayabali, K. (2002). Modeling of seismic hazard for Turkey using the recent neotectonic data. Engineering Geology, 63(3-4), 221-232.
  • 23. D. Kalafat (2019). Contribution of Seismic Network for Earthquake Risk Identification and Community Resilience: A Case Study in Turkey, The 6th International Symposium on Engineering and Natural Sciences, ISEANS-0010, November 19-22, 2019 Bangkok, Thailand.
  • 24. Woessner J, Danciu L, Giardini D, Crowley H, Cotton F, Grünthal G, Valensise G, Arvidsson R, Basili R, Demircioglu MN, Hiemer S, Meletti C, Musson RW, Rovida AN, Sesetyan K, Stucchi M, the SHARE consortium (2015) The 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model: key components and results. Bull Earthq Eng. doi:10.1007/s10518-015-9795-1
  • 25. Tepeugur,E.,Kuru,T.,Apak,A.,Kökbudak,D.,Tekin,K.,Ateş,E.,Sezer,S.,Kaplan,M.,Eravcı,B.,Yalçın,D.,Baykal,M.,Çetin,C., Şahin,C.(2017). AFAD Kuvvetli Yer Hareketi Gözlem Sistemlerine İlişkin Son Gelişmeler. 4. Uluslararası Deprem Mühendisliği ve Sismoloji Konferansı 11-13 Ekim 2017 – ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ – ESKİŞEHİR
  • 26. Wald, D. J., C. B. Worden, V. Quitoriano, and K. L. Pankow (2006). ShakeMap® Manual, Technical Manual, Users Guide and Software Guide; http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2005/12A01/pdf/508TM12-A1.pdf.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Review Articles
Authors

Dogan Kalafat 0000-0002-4888-3311

A. Can Zülfikar 0000-0001-6610-3334

Seyhan Okuyan Akcan 0000-0001-6824-8182

Publication Date December 29, 2021
Submission Date December 21, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE D. Kalafat, A. C. Zülfikar, and S. Okuyan Akcan, “Seismicity of Turkey and Real-Time Seismology Applications in Determining Earthquake Hazard”, APJHAD, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 96–111, 2021, doi: 10.52114/apjhad.1039670.
Academic Platform Journal of Natural Hazards and Disaster Management (APJHAD)