The Relationship of Acamprosate and Small Intestine in Alcoholic Rats

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 30.06.2022

Hande Küsen Faik Özdengül

https://doi.org/10.53569/apjhls.1117575

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Objective: Acamprosate, which is used to reduce alcohol use relapse in alcohol use disorder; It was aimed to evaluate its side effects and its effectiveness in the small intestine.
Materials and Methods: The related study was carried out on 20.9.2021-25.10.2021. In the study, 32 Wistar Albino female rats were used. Saline at a concentration of 10 mg/kg/g was given to the control group. The alcohol group received 10 mg/kg/g ethanol diluted with 10 mg/kg/g saline. Acamprosate group received 200 mg/kg/g acamprosate diluted with 10 mg/kg/g saline. In the total group, 10 mg/kg/g ethanol was diluted with 10 mg/kg/g saline before being combined with 200 mg/kg/g acamprosate. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms on the 21st day were studied. The small intestinal tissues were hung in the isolated organ wash on the 22nd day.
Results: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome results from both the alcohol and total groups were significant (p<0.001). Small intestine contractions in the alcohol, acamprosate, and total groups were substantially lower than in the control group (p<0.001). When the total group's small intestinal contractions were compared to the alcohol group's, a significant reduction (p<0.001) was detected.
Conclusion: It was understood that acamprosate affects the functioning of smooth muscles due to its activity on calcium channels. Acamprosate has been shown to reduce small intestinal contractions and motility. It was also discovered that this impact is stronger than alcohol's contraction-reducing effect.

Keywords

Alcohol, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use Disorders, Acamprosate, Small Intestine

Supporting Institution

Necmettin Erbakan University Scientific Research Projects (BAP)

Project Number

211318003

Thanks

We thank Necmettin Erbakan University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinator for their financial support.

References

• Referans Varol M. Alkol Raporu. İstanbul:Türkiye Yeşilay Cemiyeti, 2011:73-81.
• Referans Poznyak V, Rekve D. Global Status Report On Alcohol And Health 2018, World Health Organization, Switzerland, 2018: 38-123.
• Referans Gürbilek M, Aköz M, Duman M, et al. Kronik Etil Alkol Uygulamasının Serum Lipid Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi Ve Çeşitli Dokulardaki Histolojik Değişiklikler. Selçuk Tıp Dergisi 1997; 3(13): 176-182.
• Referans Köker G, Şahintürk Y, Çekin A. Alkolik Karaciğer Hastalıkları. Güncel Gastroenteroloji Dergisi 2015; 19(2): 104-11.
• Referans Persson J, Berg N, Jölund K, et al. Morphologic Changes İn The Small Intestıne After Chronic Alcohol Consumption. Scandinavian Journal Of Gastroenterology 1990; 25(2): 173-84.
• Referans Persson J. Alcohol And The Small Intestıne. Scandınavıan Journal Of Gastroenterology, 1991; 26(1):3-15.
• Referans Bhonchal S, Nain C, Prasad K, et al. Functional And Morphological Alterations İn Small İntestine Mucosa Of Chronic Alcoholics. Journal Of Gastroenterology And Hepatology 2008; 23(7): 43-48.
• Referans Bagyázanski M, Krecsmarik M, Winter B, et al. Chronic Alcohol Consumption Affects Gastrointestinal Motility and Reduces the Proportion of Neuronal NOS- İmmunoreactive Myenteric Neurons in the Murine Jejenum. The Anatomical Record 2010; 293: 1536-42.
• Referans Yılmaz K, Altındiş M. Alkol ve Gastrointestinal Mikrobiyota. Journal Of Halal Life Style 2019; 1: 18-22.
• Referans Boothby L, Doering P. Acamprosate For The Treatment Of Alcohol Dependence. Clinical Therapeutics 2005; 27(6) 695-714.
• Referans Kennedy W, Leloux M, Kutscher E, et al. Acamprosate. Expert Opinion On Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 2010; 6: 363-80.
• Referans Polsker G. Acamprosate: A Review of Its Use İn Alcohol Dependence. Adis Drug Evaluation 2015; 75: 1255-68.
• Referans Witkiewitz K, Saville K, Hamreus K. Acamprosate For Treatment Of Alcohol Dependence: Mechanism, Efficacy and Clinical Utility. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management 2012; 8: 45-53.
• Referans Evren C. Alkol Aşermesi ve Akamprosat. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2012; 25: 189-97.
• Referans Mann K, Kiefer F, Spanagel R, et al. Acamprosate: Recent Findings And Future Research Directions. Alcoholism Clinical & Experimental Research 2008; 32(7): 1105-10.
• Referans Shwartz T, Siddiqui U, Roza S, et al. Acamprosate Calcium As Augmentation Therapy For Anxiety Disorders. SAGE Journals 2010; 1930-32.
• Referans Wang S,Chen Y, Chen S, et al. Alcohol Addiction Gut Microbiota and Alcoholism Treatment: A Review. Internatıonal Journal Of Molecular Sciences 2020; 21(17): 1-11.
• Referans Saivin S, Hulot T, Chabac S, et al. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Acamprosate. Clinical Pharmacocinetics 1998; 35: 331-45.
• Referans Preedy V, Peters T. Changes İn Protein RNA and DNA an Rates of Protein Synsthesis in Muscle-Containing Tissues of the Mature Rat in Response to Ethanol Feeding: a Comparative Study of Heart, Small İntestine and Gastrocnemius Muscle. Alcohol and Alcoholism 1990; 25: 489-98.
• Referans Bode C. Alcohol’s Role in Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders. Alcohol Health and Research World 1997;21: 76-83.
• Referans Özpoyraz N., Taman L., Şentürk A. Alkol ve Madde Kullanım Bozuklukları. Galenos Dergisi 1998; 2: 58-66.
• Referans Karakuş B, Özdengül F, Görmüş ZI, et al. Bağımlılık Fizyopatolojisine Genel Bakış. KTO Karatay Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021; 2(3): 158–166.
• Referans Eşel E, Dinç K. Alkol Bağımlılığının Nörobiyolojisi ve Tedaviye Yansımaları. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2017; 28(1): 51-60.
• Referans Yenigün M. Alcohol Consumption And Medicine. The Medical Bulletin Of Haseki 2006; 44(3):1-10.
• Referans Uğurlu T, Şengül B, Şengül C. Bağımlılık Psikofarmakolojisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar Dergisi 2012; 4(1): 37-50.
• Referans Serrano P, Granero L, Algarra R, et al. Study of Acamprosate Absorption in Rat Small İntestine. Alcohol and Alcolism 2000; 35: 224-330.
• Referans Chau P. Acamprosate's ethanol intake-reducing effect is associated with its ability to increase dopamine. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 2018; 175, 101-107.
• Referans Pan J, Jin R, Shen M, et al. Acamprosate Protects Aganists Adjuvant Induced Arthritis İn Rats Via Blocking The ERK/MAPDK and NF-KB Signaling Pathway. Inflammation Journal 2018; 41: 1194-99.