Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Retraction: A Theoretical Review on Organizational Change and Resistance to Change

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 373 - 402, 15.12.2020

Abstract

There is a continuous change from past to present. The concept of change has been studied by many different disciplines to date. We can express the concept of change as differentiating something. Change is not just a phenomenon that exists in nature. At the same time, changes occur in organizations. The change in organizations is conceptualized as “organizational change”. The concept of organizational change can be defined as the transition to the desired state within a process, with the acceptance of new thoughts and behaviors in the organization's activities. Organizational change is realized through elements such as structure, strategies, system, culture and technologies of organizations. There are also many factors that push organizations to change. Another concept associated with organizational change is resistance to change. When it comes to change, it comes with resistance. The concept of resistance to change includes behaviors to prevent change. Methods such as communication and education, participation, facilitation and support, negotiation and agreement, manipulation and co-optation, explicit and implicit coercion use are used to overcome resistance to change. Thus, organizational change and resistance to change are two important concepts to be examined. A literature review was conducted on these topics. As a result, with the decision of organizational change, employees are resisted against change. The critical step in the success of organizational change lies in the manager's ability to successfully manage resistance to change. At this point, convincing employees to change and making them adopt the change can be said as other important steps.


This article was retracted on September 07, 2021.

References

  • Alava, J. V. A. (1999). Organizational change in the Union of Professional Engineers in Finland and the Union of Professional Social Workers in Finland. Doctor in Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, Lexington-Kentucky.
  • Al-Haddad, S., & Kotnour, T. (2015). Integrating the organizational change literature: a model for successful change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 28(2), 234-262.
  • Anderson, D., & Anderson, L. A. (2001). Beyond change management: Advanced strategies for today's transformational leaders. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Barbara, S., & Stephen, S. (2016). Organizational change. 5th edition. Pearson Education Limited.
  • Buchanan, D. A., & Huczynski, A. A. (2019). Organizational behaviour. UK: Pearson.
  • Burke, W. W. (2017). Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
  • Burnes, B. (2004). Kurt Lewin and the planned approach to change: a re‐appraisal. Journal of Management Studies, 41(6), 977-1002.
  • Cawsey, T. F., Deszca, G., & Ingols, C. (2015). Organizational change: An action-oriented toolkit. Sage Publications.
  • Chawla, A., & Kelloway, E. K. (2004). Predicting openness and commitment to change. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25(6), 485-498.
  • Coffey, R. E., Cook, C. W., & Hunsaker, P. L. (1994). Management and organizational behavior. Austen Press.
  • Daft, R. L. (2010). Organization theory and design. Tenth Edition. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.
  • Dent, E. B., & Goldberg, S. G. (1999). Challenging “resistance to change”. The Journal of applied behavioral science, 35(1), 25-41.
  • Dibella, A. J. (2007). Critical perceptions of organisational change. Journal of Change Management, 7(3-4), 231-242.
  • Eneroth, K., & Larsson, R. (1996). The human side of strategic change: Introducing a multifaceted approach. International Studies of Management & Organization, 26(1), 3-15.
  • Flamholtz, E. G., & Randle, Y. (2008). Leading strategic change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Genç, N. (2017). Yönetim ve Organizasyon: Çağdaş Sistemler ve Yaklaşımlar. 5. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Goldstein, J. (1988). A far-from-equilibrium systems approach to resistance to change. Organizational dynamics, 17(2), 16-26.
  • Greenwood, R., & Hinings, C. R. (1996). Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and the new institutionalism. Academy of management review, 21(4), 1022-1054.
  • Hayes, J. (2014). The theory and practice of change management. 4th Edition. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Hellriegel, D., Slocum, J. W., & Woodman, R. W. (2011). Organizational behavior. South-Western College Pub.
  • Iles, V., & Sutherland, K. (2001). Organisational change: A review for health care managers, professionals and researchers. London: NCCSDO.
  • Jones, G. R. (2013). Organizational theory, design, and change. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
  • Koçel, T. (2018). İşletme Yöneticiliği. 17. Baskı, İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Kotler, G. (1992). Approaches to change. Training & Development, 46(3), 41-43.
  • Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 59-67.
  • Kotter, J. P., & Schlesinger, L. A. (2008). Choosing strategies for change. Harvard Business Review, 106-114.
  • Kritsonis, A. (2005). Comparison of change theories. International Journal of Scholarly Academic Intellectual Diversity, 8(1), 1-7.
  • Levy, A. (1986). Second-order planned change: Definition and conceptualization. Organizational dynamics, 15(1), 5-23.
  • Lewis, L. (2011). Organizational change: Creating Change Through Strategic Communication. John Wiley & Sons.
  • McMillan, E. (2008). Complexity, management and the dynamics of change: Challenges for practice. Routledge.
  • Mdletye, M. A., Coetzee, J., & Ukpere, W. I. (2014). Exploring the triggers of transformational change in the South African Department of Correctional Services. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(10), 596-596.
  • Nadler, D. A., & Tushman, M. L. (1989). Organizational frame bending: Principles for managing reorientation. Academy of Management Perspectives, 3(3), 194-204.
  • Oreg, S. (2006). Personality, context, and resistance to organizational change. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 15(1), 73-101.
  • Özdemir, S., & Cemaloğlu, N. (2017). Örgütsel davranış ve yönetimi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Palmer, I., Dunford, R., & Akin, G. (2017). Managing organizational change. 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational behavior. Pearson Education Limited.
  • Robbins, S. P., Decenzo, D. A., & Coulter, M. (2013). Yönetimin esasları – temel kavramlar ve uygulamalar. 8.Baskı, Ankara: Nobel yayıncılık.
  • Sahni, A. (1987). Approaches to organizational change and development.
  • Tokat, B. (2012). Örgütlerde değişim ve değişimin yönetimi. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Uyguç, N. (2019). Etkili değişim yönetimi. 1. Baskı, Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Varoğlu, K., Basım, N., Sözen, H. C., Yeloğlu, O., Sağsan, M., & Şeşen, H. (2014). Örgütsel değişim ve öğrenme. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Waddell, D., & Sohal, A. S. (1998). Resistance: a constructive tool for change management. Management Decision, 36(8), 543–548.
  • Weick, K. E., & Quinn, R. E. (1999). Organizational change and development. Annual Review of Psychology, 50(1), 361-386.

GERİ ÇEKİLDİ: ÖRGÜTSEL DEĞİŞİM VE DEĞİŞİME DİRENÇ ÜZERİNE TEORİK BİR İNCELEME

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 373 - 402, 15.12.2020

Abstract

Geçmişten günümüze doğru sürekli bir değişim yaşanmaktadır. Değişim kavramı günümüze değin pek çok farklı disiplin tarafından incelenmiştir. Değişim kavramını bir şeyi farklılaştırma olarak ifade edebiliriz. Değişim sadece tabiatta var olan bir olgu değildir. Aynı zamanda örgütlerde de değişim gerçekleşmektedir. Örgütlerde gerçekleşen değişim “örgütsel değişim” olarak kavramsallaştırılmaktadır. Örgütsel değişim kavramı, örgütün faaliyetlerinde yeni düşüncelerin ve davranışların kabul edilmesiyle birlikte bir süreç dahilinde istenilen duruma geçiş olarak tanımlanabilir. Örgütsel değişim; örgütlerin yapısı, stratejileri, sistemi, kültürü, teknolojileri gibi unsurlar üzerinden gerçekleştirilmektedir. Ayrıca örgütleri değişime iten birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Örgütsel değişim ile ilişkisi olan diğer kavram ise değişime direnç olmaktadır. Değişim söz konusu olduğunda beraberinde dirençte ortaya çıkmaktadır. Değişime direnç kavramı, değişimin engellenmesine yönelik davranışları kapsamaktadır. Değişime direncin üstesinde gelmek için iletişim ve eğitim, katılım, kolaylaştırma ve destek, pazarlık ve anlaşma, manipülasyon ve kooptasyon, açık ve kapalı zor kullanma gibi yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Böylelikle örgütsel değişim ve değişime direnç irdelenmesi gereken önemli iki kavram olmaktadır. Bu konular ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, örgütsel değişim kararının verilmesiyle birlikte çalışanlar tarafından değişime karşı direnç gösterilmektedir. Örgütsel değişimin başarılı olmasında kritik adım, yöneticinin değişime karşı direnci başarılı bir şekilde yönetebilmesinde yatmaktadır. Bu noktada çalışanları değişime ikna etme ve değişimi benimsemelerini sağlama önemli diğer adımlar olarak söylenebilir.


Bu makale 07-09-2021 tarihinde geri çekildi.  https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/arhuss/issue/66971/1046657 

References

  • Alava, J. V. A. (1999). Organizational change in the Union of Professional Engineers in Finland and the Union of Professional Social Workers in Finland. Doctor in Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, Lexington-Kentucky.
  • Al-Haddad, S., & Kotnour, T. (2015). Integrating the organizational change literature: a model for successful change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 28(2), 234-262.
  • Anderson, D., & Anderson, L. A. (2001). Beyond change management: Advanced strategies for today's transformational leaders. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Barbara, S., & Stephen, S. (2016). Organizational change. 5th edition. Pearson Education Limited.
  • Buchanan, D. A., & Huczynski, A. A. (2019). Organizational behaviour. UK: Pearson.
  • Burke, W. W. (2017). Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
  • Burnes, B. (2004). Kurt Lewin and the planned approach to change: a re‐appraisal. Journal of Management Studies, 41(6), 977-1002.
  • Cawsey, T. F., Deszca, G., & Ingols, C. (2015). Organizational change: An action-oriented toolkit. Sage Publications.
  • Chawla, A., & Kelloway, E. K. (2004). Predicting openness and commitment to change. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25(6), 485-498.
  • Coffey, R. E., Cook, C. W., & Hunsaker, P. L. (1994). Management and organizational behavior. Austen Press.
  • Daft, R. L. (2010). Organization theory and design. Tenth Edition. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.
  • Dent, E. B., & Goldberg, S. G. (1999). Challenging “resistance to change”. The Journal of applied behavioral science, 35(1), 25-41.
  • Dibella, A. J. (2007). Critical perceptions of organisational change. Journal of Change Management, 7(3-4), 231-242.
  • Eneroth, K., & Larsson, R. (1996). The human side of strategic change: Introducing a multifaceted approach. International Studies of Management & Organization, 26(1), 3-15.
  • Flamholtz, E. G., & Randle, Y. (2008). Leading strategic change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Genç, N. (2017). Yönetim ve Organizasyon: Çağdaş Sistemler ve Yaklaşımlar. 5. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Goldstein, J. (1988). A far-from-equilibrium systems approach to resistance to change. Organizational dynamics, 17(2), 16-26.
  • Greenwood, R., & Hinings, C. R. (1996). Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and the new institutionalism. Academy of management review, 21(4), 1022-1054.
  • Hayes, J. (2014). The theory and practice of change management. 4th Edition. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Hellriegel, D., Slocum, J. W., & Woodman, R. W. (2011). Organizational behavior. South-Western College Pub.
  • Iles, V., & Sutherland, K. (2001). Organisational change: A review for health care managers, professionals and researchers. London: NCCSDO.
  • Jones, G. R. (2013). Organizational theory, design, and change. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
  • Koçel, T. (2018). İşletme Yöneticiliği. 17. Baskı, İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Kotler, G. (1992). Approaches to change. Training & Development, 46(3), 41-43.
  • Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 59-67.
  • Kotter, J. P., & Schlesinger, L. A. (2008). Choosing strategies for change. Harvard Business Review, 106-114.
  • Kritsonis, A. (2005). Comparison of change theories. International Journal of Scholarly Academic Intellectual Diversity, 8(1), 1-7.
  • Levy, A. (1986). Second-order planned change: Definition and conceptualization. Organizational dynamics, 15(1), 5-23.
  • Lewis, L. (2011). Organizational change: Creating Change Through Strategic Communication. John Wiley & Sons.
  • McMillan, E. (2008). Complexity, management and the dynamics of change: Challenges for practice. Routledge.
  • Mdletye, M. A., Coetzee, J., & Ukpere, W. I. (2014). Exploring the triggers of transformational change in the South African Department of Correctional Services. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(10), 596-596.
  • Nadler, D. A., & Tushman, M. L. (1989). Organizational frame bending: Principles for managing reorientation. Academy of Management Perspectives, 3(3), 194-204.
  • Oreg, S. (2006). Personality, context, and resistance to organizational change. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 15(1), 73-101.
  • Özdemir, S., & Cemaloğlu, N. (2017). Örgütsel davranış ve yönetimi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Palmer, I., Dunford, R., & Akin, G. (2017). Managing organizational change. 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational behavior. Pearson Education Limited.
  • Robbins, S. P., Decenzo, D. A., & Coulter, M. (2013). Yönetimin esasları – temel kavramlar ve uygulamalar. 8.Baskı, Ankara: Nobel yayıncılık.
  • Sahni, A. (1987). Approaches to organizational change and development.
  • Tokat, B. (2012). Örgütlerde değişim ve değişimin yönetimi. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Uyguç, N. (2019). Etkili değişim yönetimi. 1. Baskı, Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Varoğlu, K., Basım, N., Sözen, H. C., Yeloğlu, O., Sağsan, M., & Şeşen, H. (2014). Örgütsel değişim ve öğrenme. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Waddell, D., & Sohal, A. S. (1998). Resistance: a constructive tool for change management. Management Decision, 36(8), 543–548.
  • Weick, K. E., & Quinn, R. E. (1999). Organizational change and development. Annual Review of Psychology, 50(1), 361-386.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Utku Tevfik Güleç This is me

Publication Date December 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Güleç, U. T. (2020). GERİ ÇEKİLDİ: ÖRGÜTSEL DEĞİŞİM VE DEĞİŞİME DİRENÇ ÜZERİNE TEORİK BİR İNCELEME. Academic Review of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 373-402.

 13582    13584    13587      13590      13594     13595     13598


   13969      14099       17154