Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar

Murat Demir

doi:10.17474/artvinofd.2007753

TR EN

Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de orman alanı, ağaç serveti ve yıllık odunsu hacim artımındaki değişimler ile ormanların karbon yutağı işlevi arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Belge incelemesine dayalı betimsel ve karşılaştırmalı araştırmada T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı ormancılık istatistikleri, Türkiye’nin Ulusal Sera Gazı Envanteri, politika belgeleri, uluslararası kuruluş raporları ve akademik çalışmalar birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, orman alanı, ağaç serveti ve yıllık hacim artımı uzun dönemde yükselmesine karşılık orman arazilerinin yıllık net sera gazı uzaklaştırımının 2017’de 65.3 milyon ton CO₂ eş değerinden 2021’de 33.4 milyon tona gerilediğini; 2023’te 55.3 milyon tona yükselmesine rağmen 2017 düzeyine ulaşamadığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu değişim, odun üretimi, olağanüstü hasılat, büyük orman yangınları, kuraklık, zararlı organizmalar ve arazi kullanım baskılarıyla birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Madencilik, enerji ve ulaşım izinleri de doğrudan alan kullanımı ve parçalanma yoluyla ormanların ekolojik bütünlüğünü etkileyebilmektedir. Çalışmada ayrıca 7584 sayılı Kanun’la düzenlenen karbon yutak ormanları değerlendirilmiştir. Yeni ağaçlandırmalar net sera gazı uzaklaştırımına katkı sağlayabilse de doğal ormanların uzun yıllarda oluşan karbon stoklarını ve çok yönlü ekolojik işlevlerini kısa sürede karşılayamaz. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’nin orman politikasında toplam orman alanının net sera gazı uzaklaştırımı, üretim, doğal zararlar, orman yapısı ve parçalanmayla birlikte izlenmesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Türkiye’s Forests and Climate Change: Carbon Sink Function and Ecological Pressures

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between changes in forest area, growing stock, and annual wood volume increment and the carbon sink function of forests in Türkiye. Using a descriptive and comparative research design based on document analysis, the study evaluated forestry statistics published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Türkiye’s National Greenhouse Gas Inventory, policy documents, reports from international organizations, and academic studies. The findings indicate that, despite long-term increases in forest area, growing stock, and annual increment, the annual net GHG removals of forest land declined from 65.3 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent in 2017 to 33.4 million tonnes in 2021. Although net GHG removals recovered to 55.3 million tonnes in 2023, they remained below the 2017 level. Wood production, salvage logging, large forest fires, drought, harmful organisms, and land-use pressures were discussed as relevant factors associated with this change. Permits for mining, energy, and transportation projects may also affect the ecological integrity of forests through direct land use and fragmentation. The study further assessed the carbon sink forests introduced under Law No. 7584. Although new afforestation may contribute to net GHG removals, it cannot rapidly replace carbon stocks accumulated over long periods or the multiple ecological functions of natural forests. The study concludes that Türkiye’s forest policy should not rely on total forest area alone but should monitor it alongside net GHG removals, wood production, natural disturbances, forest structure, and fragmentation.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Forest Ecosystems

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Murat Demir ^*
0009-0008-5077-0915
Türkiye

Publication Date

October 19, 2026

Submission Date

July 31, 2026

Acceptance Date

October 5, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 27 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.2007753

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA24XM44ZB

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Demir, M. (2026). Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.2007753

AMA

1.Demir M. Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar. ACUJFF. 2026;27(4):1-18. doi:10.17474/artvinofd.2007753

Chicago

Demir, Murat. 2026. “Türkiye Ormanları Ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi Ve Ekolojik Baskılar”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 27 (4): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.2007753.

EndNote

Demir M (October 1, 2026) Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 27 4 1–18.

IEEE

[1]M. Demir, “Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar”, ACUJFF, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 1–18, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.17474/artvinofd.2007753.

ISNAD

Demir, Murat. “Türkiye Ormanları Ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi Ve Ekolojik Baskılar”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 27/4 (October 1, 2026): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.2007753.

JAMA

1.Demir M. Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar. ACUJFF. 2026;27:1–18.

MLA

Demir, Murat. “Türkiye Ormanları Ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi Ve Ekolojik Baskılar”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 27, no. 4, Oct. 2026, pp. 1-18, doi:10.17474/artvinofd.2007753.

Vancouver

1.Murat Demir. Türkiye Ormanları ve İklim Değişikliği: Karbon Yutağı İşlevi ve Ekolojik Baskılar. ACUJFF. 2026 Oct. 1;27(4):1-18. doi:10.17474/artvinofd.2007753

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Eyüboğlu, A.K. (1979). Fidan (Çeviri: Cleary, B.D., Greaves, R.D., & Owston, P.W., 1978). Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2, 31-69.

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Yılmaz, E., Abbak, A., Kırış, R., & Sayın, M. A. (2015). Social dimension of forest management planning (Project Report). Proje Sonuç Raporu, Proje No: 20.5315/2014-2015). T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Başkanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Doğu Akdeniz Ormancılık Araştırma Müdürlüğü, Tarsus.

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Eyüboğlu, A.K., Atasoy, H., & Küçük, M. (1992). Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde Doğu Kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) orijin denemelerinin 9 yıllık sonuçları. Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü, Teknik Bülten Sersisi, No:237, Ankara.

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Davis, C.T., & Kellogg, L.D. (2005). Measuring machine productivity with the MultiDAT Datalogger: A demonstration on three forest machines (USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSWGTR-194).

Keskin, S. (1989). Kokulu ardıç (J. foetidissima Willd.) ve boylu ardıç (J. Excelsa Bieb.) çeliklerinin köklendirilmesi üzerine çalışmalar (Teknik Rapor No:36-39). Ankara: Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü.

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The Artvin Çoruh University Journal of Forestry is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that has adopted a "Continuous Publication" model as of 2026.
The journal prioritizes original research articles in the fields of Forest Engineering, Landscape Architecture, Forest Industrial Engineering, Natural Sciences, and Physical Sciences, and publishes a limited number of review articles.
Manuscript submission begins when the author(s) upload their work via DergiPark.
Author(s) are required to submit a signed Copyright Form during submission. Manuscripts without a copyright form will not be considered for evaluation. (Click here to access the Copyright Form
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All submissions are subject to a preliminary check before peer review. During this process, the manuscript is evaluated for suitability with the journal's aims, scope, methodology, and writing standards. Manuscripts deemed unsuitable are rejected.
Manuscripts that pass the preliminary check are sent to two (2) independent reviewers to initiate the peer review process.
Authors may withdraw their manuscript only during the preliminary check phase.
Authors are fully responsible for citation accuracy and reference verification in accepted manuscripts.
The journal reserves the right to make formatting and language corrections to submitted manuscripts.
Publication processes are conducted to ensure that manuscripts are evaluated, improved, and published in a fair, reputable, and rigorous manner.

Article Correction Policy

The Artvin Çoruh University Journal of Forestry Faculty reserves the right to correct published articles in order to rectify identified errors, complete missing information, or make necessary updates to preserve the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. Corrections may include, but are not limited to, the correction of factual errors, revisions to figures or tables, updates to author information, modifications to author contribution statements, or other post-publication amendments.

Requests for corrections to published articles may be submitted by authors, editors, or readers. All requests shall be evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board based on the supporting documentation and justification provided.

The Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board shall determine whether a correction is warranted, the scope of the correction, and the manner in which it will be published, in accordance with the journal's publication policies and principles of publication ethics. When appropriate, corrections will be published as a separate correction notice linked to the electronic version of the original article. The nature of the changes and the date of the correction shall be clearly indicated.

To preserve the integrity of the scholarly record, the Journal may publish a corrected version of the article and make the corresponding correction notice available by linking it to the original publication.

Article Retraction Policy

The Artvin Çoruh University Journal of Forestry Faculty may retract a published article when necessary to safeguard the reliability and integrity of the scholarly record. Retraction decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board following an investigation conducted in accordance with internationally accepted publication ethics principles.

Retraction may be considered under, but is not limited to, the following circumstances:
Fabrication, falsification of data, or serious methodological errors that render the research findings unreliable;
Plagiarism or other forms of research and publication misconduct;
Duplicate publication or simultaneous submission/publication of substantially the same work;
The article's scientific conclusions rely substantially on unreliable or retracted publications, thereby significantly compromising the validity of the work;
The published article contains serious errors identified after publication that invalidate or substantially undermine the reliability of the findings;

Circumstances in which correction is insufficient to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

Before a retraction decision is made, the corresponding author and, where deemed necessary, the co-authors shall be invited to provide a written explanation. The Editorial Board may also obtain opinions from independent experts and, where appropriate, communicate with relevant institutions during the investigation.

If an article is retracted, its DOI and bibliographic metadata shall be retained. Whenever possible, the electronic version of the article shall remain accessible, with each page clearly marked as "Retracted," and a separate Retraction Notice shall be published and permanently linked to the original article.

The Retraction Notice shall clearly state the reason(s) for the retraction, the date of the retraction, and that the decision was made by the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board.

Retraction decisions are made on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the specific circumstances of each case. In reaching its decision, the Editorial Board shall consider publication ethics principles, the integrity of the scholarly record, and any explanations or evidence provided by the relevant parties.

Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools
The following principles must be observed when using artificial intelligence (AI) tools in manuscripts submitted to the Artvin Çoruh University Journal of Forestry:
AI tools may be used only as supportive aids in manuscript preparation (e.g., improving grammar and expression). AI cannot replace the authors’ critical thinking, academic responsibility, or original scientific contribution.
If AI tools are used in manuscript preparation, this usage must be declared transparently in the manuscript, in the Acknowledgments section.
AI cannot be used to write the abstract, introduction, literature review, or discussion sections. Its use must be limited and supportive.
It is strictly prohibited to generate fake, unverifiable, or non-existent references using AI. All cited sources must be accurate, complete, and verifiable, in accordance with academic ethics and standards.
Authors must verify and approve all references. Where available, all sources must include a DOI number.
The AI usage statement must include the following information:
    The AI system or tool(s) used,
    The sections of the manuscript where AI-generated or AI-assisted content appears,
    The level of contribution of AI in the content creation process.
Failure to disclose AI use or violation of these rules may result in the manuscript being rejected without peer review or withdrawn at any stage of the publication process.

DOI Numbers
If a cited source has a DOI, it must be included in the reference list. When writing a DOI, the "doi:" prefix should not be used; the DOI should be provided as an active link in the format "http…". If a source does not have a DOI, the URL where the publication is accessible should be included in the reference.

Scientific Publication Coordinator

Elanur ADAR YAZAR

Natural Resource Management, Ecological Applications, Climate Change-Impact and Adaptation, Environmental Engineering, Waste Management, Reduction, Reuse and Recycling, Clean Production Technologies, Soil Pollution and Control, Renewable Energy Resources , Wastewater Treatment Processes