Theoretical and Harmonic Analyses of David Popper's 15 Etudes for Two Cellos, Op. 76
Abstract
In this study, David Popper's book of 15 études, Op. 76, composed for two cellos, has been examined. The research was conducted using a qualitative model and carried out as a descriptive study. Document and literature review were used during the data collection process, and in the analysis section, topics such as tonality, modulation, the use of altered notes, and the use of degrees were discussed in detail. Harmonic formations used in the études and the preferred modulation variations were analyzed theoretically by examining the notes in terms of degrees. Popper generally preferred major scales in his works and used minor scales or transitions within major tonalities. It was determined that altered note transitions were frequently used in the études, contributing to a rich structure. The arithmetic mean of the pitch range usage in the études was found to be 29 semitones. While the narrowest pitch range width was 26 semitones, the widest was recorded as 40 semitones. The études frequently featured modulations, incorporating different tonalities and transitions.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
Music Education , Theories of Music
Journal Section
Book Review
Authors
Ali Kalkan
*
0000-0002-4973-2785
Türkiye
Publication Date
March 30, 2026
Submission Date
June 11, 2025
Acceptance Date
March 12, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Number: 56