ABD’nin Ortadoğu’ya Jeopolitik Yöneliminde İsrail’in Çok Boyutlu İşlevselliği

Öz

Bu çalışma Siyasal Siyonizm ile Batı’nın jeopolitik yönelimleri arasında bir ilişkisellik olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Ancak başlangıçta benzerlik şeklinde betimlenebilecek olan bu ilişkide zamanla Siyasal Siyonizm’in Batı’nın jeopolitik yönelimleri doğrultusunda bir işlevsellik kazandığını yani ilkinin ikincisinin ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda şekillendiğini belirtmek gerekmektedir. II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında ise Batı’nın jeopolitik yönelimlerindeki öncü aktörün ABD olması ve Siyasal Siyonizm’in amacına ulaşmasıyla İsrail’in kurulması, Ortadoğu bölgesi nezdinde Siyasal Siyonizm ve ABD’nin jeopolitik yönelimleri arasında bir ilişkiselliğin doğmasını sağlamıştır. Bu noktalardan hareketle çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Siyasal Siyonizm’in ortaya çıkışı, Batı’nın jeopolitik yönelimleriyle benzerliği ve onun amaçları doğrultusunda işlevsellik kazanması üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ise ABD’nin Ortadoğu’ya yönelik jeopolitik yönelimleri noktasında İsrail’in işlevselliği incelenmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde, ABD-İsrail eşgüdümünün belirli koşullarda İsrail’in uygulamalarını sertleştirebildiği ve bu uygulamaların Nazi Almanyası’ndaki örüntülerle karşılaştırılabilir bir tablo oluşturduğu gösterilerek, eşitleme iddiası olmaksızın, ‘Siyonazizm’ kavramsallaştırması tartışılmıştır. Çalışmada, 19. yüzyıla uzanan tarihsel arka plan dikkate alınmış olmakla birlikte analizler, 1948’den günümüze kadar geçen süreçte yaşanan kırılma anları üzerinden nitel ve tarihsel-karşılaştırmalı okumayla ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmada ulaşılan bulgular kurumsal/resmî veri ve belgelere dayandırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Siyasal Siyonizm
• İsrail
• ABD Dış Politikası
• Ortadoğu.
• Siyonazizm

The Multifaceted Functionality of Israel in the U.S. Geopolitical Orientation Toward the Middle East

Öz

This study argues that there is a structural relationship between Political Zionism and the geopolitical orientations of the West. However, while this relationship could initially be described as a similarity, over time Political Zionism has gained a functional role in line with the West’s geopolitical orientations, indicating that the former has been shaped according to the needs of the latter. Following World War II, the emergence of the United States as the leading actor in the West’s geopolitical strategies and the establishment of Israel as the realization of Political Zionism’s goals fostered a new relationship between Political Zionism and the geopolitical orientations of the United States, particularly in the Middle East. Based on these premises, the first part of the study focuses on the emergence of Political Zionism, its resemblance to Western geopolitical orientations, and its instrumentalization in pursuit of Western aims. The second part examines Israel’s functionality in the context of the United States’ geopolitical strategy in the Middle East. The conclusion discusses how Political Zionism’s functional alignment with geopolitical strategy has led to similarities with Nazism. While the study takes into account the historical background extending to the nineteenth century, the analyses are conducted through a qualitative, historical-comparative reading of the critical junctures from 1948 to the present. The findings are grounded in institutional/official data and documentation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Political Zionism
• Israel
• U.S. Foreign Policy
• Middle East.
• Zionazism

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