Investigation of the Relationship Between Physical Activity Levels and Motivation for Physical Activity of Secondary School Students

Abstract

Physical inactivity is a global public health problem that negatively affects the general health of people of all age groups. Therefore, it is important to reveal the factors associated with physical activity (PA). In this context, the aim of the research is to determine the possible relationship between Turkish secondary school students' FA levels and their motivation for FA and to examine the differentiation in terms of gender and age variable. Relational screening model was used in the study. 1084 secondary school students (x̄age=12.23 + .981), 546 girls and 538 boys, participated in the research. Data were collected using the 'Personal Information Form', the 'Child Physical Activity Questionnaire' and the 'Self Motivation Inventory for Children'. T-test, one- way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The research findings show that there is a significant difference in the motivation scores of the participants for PA and PA in terms of gender (p <.05), and the boys' in-school PA, out- of-school PA and general PA scores and their motivation scores for PA are higher. It revealed that there were differences in the level of motivation for PA and PA in terms of the age of the participants (p <.05). In addition, there is a moderate level between the motivation score for PA and the general PA and out-of-school PA score; It was found that there was a low level of positive correlation between in-school PA (p <.05). The results of the research show that male participants have a higher level of motivation towards PA and PA; PA level and motivation decrease as age increases, and as the FA level of the participants increases, their motivation towards PA also increases. As a result, it can be said that motivation is an important determinant of PA in children and adolescents.

Keywords

• Physical Activity
• Motivation
• Health
• Adolescent

Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri ile Fiziksel Aktiviteye Yönelik Motivasyonları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Fiziksel hareketsizlik tüm yaş gruplarındaki insanların genel sağlığını olumsuz etkileyen küresel bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu nedenle, Fiziksel aktivitenin ilişkili olduğu faktörlerin ortaya konulması önem taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, Türk ortaokul öğrencilerinin FA düzeyleri ile FA’ya yönelik motivasyonları arasında olası ilişkiyi belirlemek ve cinsiyet, yaş değişkeni açısından farklılaşma durumunu incelemektir. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 546 kız, 538 erkek olmak üzere 1084 ortaokul öğrencisi (x̄ yaş=12.23 + .981) katılmıştır. Veriler ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’, ‘Çocuk Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi’ ve ‘Çocuklar için Benlik Motivasyonu Envanteri’ kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, cinsiyet açısından katılımcıların FA ve FA’ya yönelik motivasyon puanlarında önemli farklılık olduğu (p <.05) ve erkeklerin okul içi FA, okul dışı FA ve genel FA puanı ile FA’ya yönelik motivasyon puanının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Katılımcıların yaşları açısından FA ve FA’ya yönelik motivasyon düzeyinde farklılıklar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (p <.05). Ayrıca, FA’ya yönelik motivasyon puanı ile genel FA ve okul dışı FA puanı arasında orta düzeyde; okul içi FA arasında ise düşük düzeyde pozitif bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur (p <.05). Araştırma sonuçları, erkek katılımcıların FA ve FA’ya yönelik motivasyon düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğunu; yaş arttıkça FA düzeyi ve motivasyonun azaldığını ve FA düzeyi yükseldikçe FA’ya yönelik motivasyonunda da arttığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, çocuk ve ergenlerde motivasyonun FA’nın önemli bir belirleyicisi olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fiziksel Aktivite
• Motivasyon
• Sağlık
• Ergen

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