Farklı Liglerdeki Elit Sporculara Uygulanan Yo-Yo Testinin Kas Hasarı Belirteci Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, farklı lig seviyelerindeki profesyonel futbolcuların standartlaştırılmış yüksek şiddetli bir yükleme protokolü sonrası sergiledikleri akut kas hasarı yanıtlarını karşılaştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Sezonluk maç ve antrenman yoğunluklarındaki farklılıklara rağmen, ligler arasında Yo-Yo testi sonrası Kreatin Kinaz (CK) yanıtları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmayacağı hipotez edilmiştir. Araştırma grubu, Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu (TFF) 1. Lig (n=26), 2. Lig (n=25) ve 3. Lig'den (n=24) seçilen toplam 75 profesyonel futbolcudan oluşmuştur. Tüm katılımcılar Yo-Yo Aralıklı Recovery Testi (Seviye 1) protokolünü uygulamıştır. Venöz kan örnekleri, literatürde CK seviyelerinin bu aralıkta zirve (pik) yaptığına dair bulgulara dayanarak, testten 24 saat sonra alınmıştır. Veriler SPSS (v.24) programında Tek Yönlü ANOVA kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve farkların büyüklüğünü belirlemek için etki değeri (kısmi eta-kare, η2) hesaplanmıştır. Ortalama CK seviyeleri; 1. Lig için 462,69±384,44 U/L, 2. Lig için 433,00±335,97 U/L ve 3. Lig için 466,25±350,56 U/L olarak belirlenmiştir. ANOVA sonuçları, ligler arasında CK yanıtları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığını ortaya koymuştur (F=0,102;p=0,903;η2 =0,003). Elde edilen bulgular, standart bir egzersiz protokolü uygulandığında profesyonel lig düzeyinin akut kas hasarı derecesi üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir. Anlamlı bir varyasyonun bulunmaması ve düşük etki değeri, farklı kademelerdeki profesyonel futbolcuların benzer fizyolojik adaptasyonlar ve sarkolemma stabilitesi sergilediğine işaret etmektedir. Bireysel yanıtlardaki farklılıkların, lig hiyerarşisinden ziyade sporcuların özgün biyokimyasal imzaları ve antrenman durumlarıyla ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• Kas hasarı
• Spor

Comparison of Post–Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Creatine Kinase Responses Across Professional Soccer Leagues

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the acute muscle damage responses of professional soccer players from different league tiers following a standardized high-intensity loading protocol. It was hypothesized that there would be no statistically significant differences in Creatine Kinase (CK) responses among leagues despite varying seasonal match and training intensities. The study population consisted of 75 professional soccer players recruited from the Turkish Football Federation (TFF) 1st (n=26), 2nd (n=25), and 3rd (n=24) Leagues. All participants performed the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Level 1). Venous blood samples were collected 24 hours post-test, a timing chosen based on literature indicating peak CK levels at this interval. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v.24) via One-Way ANOVA, and effect sizes (partial eta-squared, η 2) were calculated to determine the magnitude of differences. The mean CK levels were 462.69±384.44 U/L for the 1st League, 433.00±335.97 U/L for the 2nd League, and 466.25±350.56 U/L for the 3rd League. The ANOVA results revealed no statistically significant differences in CK responses across the leagues (F=0.102,p=0.903, η 2=0.003). The findings suggest that professional league standing does not significantly influence the extent of acute muscle damage when a standardized exercise protocol is applied. The lack of significant variance and the small effect size indicate that professional soccer players across different tiers exhibit comparable physiological adaptations and sarcolemmal stability. Variations in individual responses are likely attributable to intrinsic biochemical signatures and training status rather than league hierarchy.

Keywords

• Football
• Muscle Injury
• Sports

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