Investigation of Imagery Behaviours and visualization of Athletes in Different Sports Branches

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1-Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı, 520 - 531, 29.10.2023

Suat Aybek , Yakup Yazıcı

https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1354561

Abstract

This research aims Investigation of Imagery Behaviours and visualization of Athletes in Different Sports Branches. The "Imagination Imagery in Sports" scale was used. "T-Test and ANOVA" and "post hoc (Tukey)" tests were applied to find the difference between the groups regarding the sub-dimensions of our study. When examined according to gender and branch variables, it is seen that there is no statistically significant difference between the sub-dimensions (p>0.05). In contrast, a significant difference was found in the motivational general arousal sub-dimension (p<0.05). There is a statistically significant difference in cognitive imagery and general motivational arousal (p=0.015) sub-dimensions when examining sub-dimensions according to the sports age variable (p<0.05). It was determined that there was a statistically no significant difference between the branches according to the spatial visualization scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, while imagery levels were similar according to gender and branch variables, it was determined that they differed according to age and sports age variables. Spatial visualization scores did not show a significant difference in the sports branches investigated. The significant difference depending on age and sports age reveals that more experienced athletes in their branches use the imagery skill better and specialise in it over the years. It has been determined that there is an increase in mental imagery scores and a decrease in motivational general arousal scores as sports age increases. Precautions should be taken not to decrease the motivational general arousal levels of athletes with high sports age. This study should be carried out by expanding the scope with different sample groups.

Keywords

Athletics, Tennis, Archery, Wrestling, Swimming, Imagination

Farklı Spor Branşlarındaki Sporcuların İmgeleme Davranışlarının Araştırılması

Abstract

Bu araştırma, farklı spor branşlarındaki sporcuların imgeleme davranışlarının ve görselleştirmelerinin incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada "Sporda Hayal Gücü İmgeleme" ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmamızın alt boyutlarına ilişkin gruplar arasındaki farkı bulmak için "T-Testi ve ANOVA" ve "post hoc (Tukey)" testleri uygulanmıştır. Cinsiyet ve branş değişkenlerine göre incelendiğinde alt boyutlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı görülmektedir (p>0,05). Buna karşın motivasyonel genel uyarılmışlık alt boyutunda anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Spor yaşı değişkenine göre alt boyutlar incelendiğinde bilişsel imgeleme ve genel motivasyonel uyarılma (p=0,015) alt boyutlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık vardır (p<0,05). Uzamsal görselleştirme puanlarına göre branşlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p>0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada imgeleme düzeylerinin cinsiyet ve branş değişkenlerine göre benzerlik gösterirken, yaş ve spor yaşı değişkenlerine göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Mekânsal imgeleme puanları incelenen spor branşlarında anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Yaş ve spor yaşına bağlı anlamlı farklılık, branşlarında daha deneyimli sporcuların imgeleme becerisini daha iyi kullandıklarını ve yıllar içinde bu konuda uzmanlaştıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Spor yaşı arttıkça zihinsel imgeleme puanlarında artış, motivasyonel genel uyarılma puanlarında ise düşüş olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Spor yaşı yüksek olan sporcuların motivasyonel genel uyarılmışlık düzeylerinin düşmemesi için önlemler alınmalıdır. Bu çalışma farklı örneklem grupları ile kapsamı genişletilerek yürütülmelidir.

Keywords

Atletizm, Tenis, Okçuluk, Güreş, Yüzme, İmgeleme

References

• Ağaoğlu Y.S., Kargün M., & İmamoğlu O. (2020). Investigation of ımagery status of amateur soccer players. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 6(3), 78-91.
• Aslan, H., Aksoy, Y. & İmamoğlu, O. (2020). Comparison of attention levels according to sport status and age category in students, Turkish Studies, 15(2), 729-738.
• Atasoy, M., & Ekiz, M. A. (2021). Investigation of the Relationship Between the Motivation and Imagery Levels of Football Players. Bozok International Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(2), 119-136.
• Bayköse, N. (2014). The role of self talk and imagery level of athletes in determinig the flow. Unpublished Master's thesis, Selçuk University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Konya.
• Bayrak, E., Nacar, E. (2020). Investigation of Sportive Imagination Level of Athletes. Turkish Studies Social, 15(1), 125-139.
• Durmaz, Ö. E. (2019). Investigation of i̇magery of elite sports in different branches and gender. Unpublished Master's thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Samsun.
• Dursun, Ö. (2010). The relationships among preservice teachers’spatial visualization ability, geometry self-efficacy, and spatial anxiety. Unpublished Master's thesis, Middle East Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Primary Mathematics Education, Ankara.
• Hall, C., Mack, D., Paivio, A., Hausenblas, H. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport ımagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29(1), 73-89.
• İmamoğlu G., & Demirtaş Ö. (2017). Investigation of students' views who receive art and religious training about body ımage. International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies, 3(Special Issue 2), 476-483.
• İmamoğlu O., Yamak B., Çebi M., & İslamoğlu İ. (2018). Antropometric and motoric characteristics of certain selected primary school student wrestlers. The Journal of International Social Research, 11(59);1469-1474.
• Jansen, P., & Lehmann, J. (2013). Mental rotation performance in soccer players and gymnasts in an object-based mental rotation task. Advances in cognitive Psychology, 9(2), 92.
• Kan, U., Doğan, E., & İmamoğlu, O. (2023). Investigation of ımagery status in amateur football players by gender and age category, EURO ASIA congress on scientific research and recent trends-x. Baku Euroasian University & IKSAD Institute
• Kartal, Z., Güvendi, B., Türksoy, A., & Altıncı, E. (2017). The Relationship Between Imagery Usage and Achievement Motivation of Team Sportsmen. Istanbul University Journal of Sports Sciences, 7(1), 41-53.
• Kızıldağ E., & Tiryaki M. Ş. (2012). Adaptation of Sports Imagery Questionnaire for Turkish Athletes. Hacettepe Journal. of Sport Sciences, 23(1), 13–23.
• Kızıldağ, E. (2007). Athletes' imagery style in different sports. Unpublished Master's thesis, Mersin University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Mersin.
• Kolayiş, H., Sarı, İ., & Köle, Ö. (2015). Investıgatıng The Relatıonshıp Among Imagery, Motıvatıon And Anxıety In Female Athletes From Team Sports. Spormetre Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 13(2), 129-136.
• Konter, E. (1999). Mental Training in Applied Sports Psychology. Imagination and peak performance (8. Baskı). Nobel Publishing.
• Martin, K. A., Moritz, S. E., & Hall, C. R. (1999). Imagery use in sport: A literature review and applied model. The sport psychologist, 13(3), 245-268.
• Miçooğulları, O., Kirazcı, S., & Özdemir, R. A. (2009). Determınatıon of Sport Imagery Types and Levels wıth Respect to Soccer Playıng Experıence. Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(1), 001-008.
• Parker, J. K., & Lovell, G. P. (2012). Age differences in the vividness of youth sport performers’ imagery ability. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 7(1), 1-13.
• Sarıkaya, Z. İ. (2019). The Relationship Between Preservice Elementary Mathematics Teachers’ Thinking Styles With Spatial Visualization Skills And Attitudes Towards Geometry. Unpublished Master's thesis. Necmettin Erbakan University Institute of Educational Sciences, Department of Primary Education, Konya.
• Savaş, M., & Yazıcı, M. (2019). Analysis of the Relationship Between the Imagery Skills and Sportive Self-Confidence Levels of Students Participating in School Sports. Kastamonu Education Journal, 27(5), 2347-2354.
• Seleciler, C. (2019). Determination of i̇magination and optimal performance emotional state level of university students who are educated in folk dances. Unpublished Master's thesis, Bartın University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Bartın.
• Sevimli, E. (2009). Consideration of pre-services mathematics teachers? preferences of representation in terms of definite integral within the context of certain spatial abilities and academic achievement. Unpublished Master's thesis, Marmara University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Department of Secondary Education Science and Mathematics Education, İstanbul.
• Uzun M., & İmamoğlu O. (2020). Comparison of attention levels in primary school students in terms of gender and physical activity. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 6(2); 256-260.
• Vurgun, N. (2010). Adaptation of sport imagery questionnaire to Turkish, and effects of sport imagery on competitive anxiety and sport confidence. Unpublished Master's thesis, Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Psycho-Social Areas in Sports, İzmir.
• Yamak, B. (2019). Comparison of Imagery Levels in Female Handball Players. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 3(3), 55-62.
• Yamak, B., Çebi, M., Eliöz, M., Küçük, H., & Ceylan, L. (2018). The Comparıson of Imagery Levels Accordıng to Sport Age in Female Basketball Players. The Journal of International Anatolia Sport Science, 3(1), 274-280.
• Yamaner F., İmamoğlu O., Yamaner E., & Keskin E. Ç. (2018). Investigation of the moral attitudes of students who are taking sports training. The Journal of Kesit Academy, 4(13), 251-257
• Yamaner, F., Çıplak E., & İmamoğlu, O. (2020). Investigation of optimal performance mood in athlete students. Turkish Studies, 15(2), 1515-1522.
• Yarayan, Y. E., & Ayan, S. (2018). Examination of Imagination Format of Athletes in Different Team Sports. Journal of International Social Research, 11(60), 1415- 1422.
• Yazıcı, Y. (2023). Comparison of spatial visualizations of ındividual sports and team sports branches. Journal of Natural Life Medicine, 5(1), 22-30