POLITEIA SÖZCÜĞÜNÜN HERMENÖTİĞİ

Abstract

Hukuk felsefesinin ve siyaset biliminin temel kavramı olan Politeia sözcüğü devlet, anayasa, cumhuriyet gibi muhtelif anlamlarda kullanılan bir terimdir. Söz konusu sözcüğün çok sayıda anlama sahip olması ilk bakışta kafa karıştırıcı gibi görünse bile hermenötik açıdan ilk çağdaki hukuk, etik ve siyaset anlayışını kavramaya ışık tutabilir. Bu amaçla, bu çalışma günümüze kadar gelebilmiş olan ilk çağ eserlerinde Politeia terimine izafe edilmiş olan her anlamı ele almak ve söz konusu anlamlar arasındaki muhtemel hermenötik bağlantıları kurmak suretiyle meseleyi derinlemesine analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu yöntem sayesinde Politeia teriminin sahip olduğu anlamların tamamının aydınlatılmasıyla kalınmaması, ilk çağdaki hukuki ve siyasi anlayışın kavranmasının kolaylaşması umulmaktadır.

Keywords

• Politeia
• Res Publica
• Devlet
• Cumhuriyet
• Anayasa

HERMENEUTICS OF THE WORD POLITEIA

Abstract

Politeia (Πολιτεία in Hellenic) as a fundamental concept of legal philosophy and political philosophy can be interpreted in various meanings such as state, constitution, republic, citizenship etc. Though the fact that this term has a broad scale of meaning might, prima facie, seem confusing, such nature of the concept can, in light of its hermeneutics, hold light to ancient conception of law, ethics and politics. To this end, this study aims a thorough analysis of the concept by handling every meaning attached to the term Politeia in ancient texts that survive today, and suggesting possible hermeneutic connections between those meanings. It is expected that this method would not only clarify the entire possible meanings of the term Politeia, but would help understanding ancient legal and political conceptions of the ancient times.

Keywords

• Politeia
• Res Publica
• State
• Republic
• Constitution

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