DÂHİLÎ KORUNMA ALTERNATİFİ YAKLAŞIMI VE ULUSLARARASI KORUMA STATÜSÜ

Öz

Dahili Korunma Alternatifi, kişilerin başka ülkelerde sığınma aramalarına neden olan koşulların menşe ülke geneline yayılmadığı hallerde, ülkelerinde kalarak sığınma bulabilecekleri korunaklı bölgelerin varlığı fikrine dayanmaktadır. Bu gibi alanların varlığı, sığınma arayanların uluslararası korumadan yararlanıp yararlanamayacağının değerlendirilmesinde esas alınabildiği gibi, halihazırda bir uluslararası koruma statüsüne sahip olanların bu statülerinin sona erdirilebilmesi için de gerekçe olarak ileri sürülebilmektedir. Türkiye’de de, Suriye menşeili sığınma arayan bireylerin hukuki statüleri ve bunlara yeni ekleneceklere sınırların açılıp açılmayacağı, Suriye sınırları içerisinde sığınabilecekleri alternatif alanların varlığı gerekçesiyle tartışılmaktadır. Sığınma arayan bireylerin uluslararası koruma rejiminden yararlanıp yararlanamayacaklarına ilişkin böylesine belirleyici bir unsura dönüşebilen dahili korunma alternatifi konseptine, uluslararası insan hakları ve mülteci hukuku açısından taşıdığı riskler dikkate alınarak, hassasiyetle yaklaşmak gerekir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası koruma rejimine uygun bir dahili korunma alternatifi uygulamasının koşullarını ve uluslararası koruma statüsünün belirlenmesine etkisini incelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dahili Korunma Alternatifi
• Uluslararası Koruma Statüsü
• Uluslararası Mülteci Hukuku
• İnsan Hakları Hukuku
• Uluslararası Koruma Statüsünün Kazanılması
• Uluslararası Koruma Statüsünün Sona Ermesi

Internal Protection Alternative Approach and International Protection Status

Abstract

The Internal Protection Alternative is based on the idea that, where the conditions that cause people to seek asylum in other countries are not extend to the whole territory of their country of origin, there are protected areas in their country where they can remain and find asylum. The existence of such areas can be used as a basis for assessing whether asylum seekers are eligible for international protection, as well as a justification for terminating the status of those who already enjoy international protection. In Turkey, the legal status of asylum-seekers originating from Syria and whether the borders should be opened to new asylum-seekers are being debated on the grounds that there are alternative areas within Syria where they can seek refuge. The concept of the internal protection alternative, which can become such a decisive factor in determining whether asylum seekers can benefit from the international protection regime, must be approached with sensitivity, taking into account the risks it carries in terms of international human rights and refugee law. The aim of this study is to examine the conditions of applying an internal protection alternative in accordance with the international protection regime and its impact on the determination of international protection status.

Keywords

• Internal Protection Alternative
• International Protection Status
• International Refugee Law
• Human Rights Law
• Acquisition of International Protection Status
• Termination of International Protection Status

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