Abstract

Working as a quality control system, autophagy is a physiological phenomenon responsible for the degradation of long lived proteins, dysfunctional organelles, cytosolic fragments, damaged marcomolecules and pathogens in cells. In addition to its biological recycling function, autophagy plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndromes such as obesity and diabetes. Since the energy required to maintain cell function is high, disturbances in the balance between anabolic and catabolic metabolism possibly contribute to various disorders.Dysfunction of autophagy leads to the initiation and progression of multiple diseases. Autophagy contributes to cell death depending on the cellular contents especially under conditions associated with impaired apoptosis. Therefore, there has been increasing research on the molecular mechanisms and metabolic regulation of autophagy. Basal autophagy may function as a tumor suppressive mechanism during tumorigenesis; however, excessive autophagy works as a pro-survival pathway in some cancer types. Research in this area is critical for the development of novel therapeutics in health problems such as cancer, infections, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases

Keywords

• Autophagy, apoptosis, programmed cell death

Otofaji: Programlı Hücre Ölümü

Abstract

Kalite kontrol sistemi olarak çalışan otofaji mekanizması, uzun ömürlü proteinlerin, fonksiyonu bozulmuş organellerin, sitozolik parçaların, hasarlı makromoleküllerin ve patojenlerin yok edilmesinden sorumlu fizyolojik bir fenomendir. otofaji Biyolojik geri dönüştürme fonksiyonuna ek olarak, obezite ve diyabet gibi metabolik sendromların patogenezinde de önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Hücrelerin fonksiyonel olarak korunması için gerekli enerji çok fazladır ve anabolik ve katabolik metabolizma arasındaki dengedeki bozukluklar hastalıklara katkıda bulunmaktadır. Otofajinin disfonksiyonu birçok hastalığın başlamasına ve ilerlemesine neden olmaktadır. Hücresel içeriğe bağlı olarak apoptozisin yetersiz kaldığı koşullarda otofaji ile hücre ölümü gerçekleşmektedir. Bu nedenle, metabolik düzenlemede otofajinin rolü ve moleküler mekanizmaları üzerine araştırmalar gittikçe artmıştır. Bazal otofaji, tümörogenez sırasında tümör baskılayıcı bir mekanizma olarak çalışırken; aşırı otofaji belirli kanserlerde hayatta kalma yolağı olarak çalışmaktadır. Bu alandaki araştırmalar kanser, enfeksiyonlar ve nörodejenaratif ve metabolik hastalıklar gibi sağlık problemleri için yeni tedavi yöntemlerine yol açma potansiyeline sahip olacaktır

Keywords

• Otofaji, apoptozis, programlı hücre ölümü

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