Öz
This study aims to examine the approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the Central Asian region. After the revolution, Iran's political structure, which was updated on a religious and Shiite-centered axis, shaped its domestic and foreign policy. The newly adopted principles revealed Tehran, which had assumed the role of the gendarmerie of the United States in the region before the revolution, as an enemy for the United States to be overcome. Therefore, Tehran has been faced with various sanctions, which are sometimes intensified and sometimes loosened. Sanctions played an important role in shaping all kinds of economic and political approaches of Iran, especially foreign policy. In this direction, Central Asia has been the one of the important gateways to get rid of the international congestion it has been exposed to.
Central Asian geopolitics, which emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union, presented various opportunities and threats to Iran. The intensity of threats and conflicts and the threat of containment have completely affected Iran's approach to the region. In the new geopolitical change, Iran has changed its Sectarian-Shiite foreign policy approach with a pragmatist understanding. The new geopolitics that emerged in Central Asia after 1991 led Tehran to uneasiness. Iran has adopted a status quo approach in the region by cooperating with Russia to alleviate its concerns. Despite this, he still tried to create opportunities for himself by adopting original and independent policies. However, as can be seen as a result of the study, the financial, political and economic congestion caused by the sanctions has emerged as an obstacle to the development of relations with the region. For this reason, relations are maintained far below the current capacity. The study first touched on the sanction’s history of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the effects of the sanctions, then briefly summarized the historical process of Iran's relations with the region and discussed its general attitude towards the region. Finally, the bilateral relations between the Central Asian republics and Iran were mentioned. As a result of the study, which aims to address Iran's Central Asian approach, it has been seen that both Iran's bilateral relations and its effectiveness in the region are at a very low level and limited.