Tourism Development in Kuşadası: A Historical Perspective

Year 2023, , 10 - 28, 29.10.2023

Erdal Arslan

https://doi.org/10.17123/atad.1309209

Abstract

Tourism destinations are dynamic and evolve over time. The purpose of the current research is to examine the historical development of Kuşadası which is one of the leading tourism destinations of the country during republic period. The study was conducted in qualitative approach using document analysis method. Transcripts of the project titled “Oral History of Türkiye Tourism” which was carried out by Anadolu University Faculty of Tourism served as data source of the research. Three-stage analysis process including initial, focus, and theoretical coding was applied in the study. Study findings indicate the tourism development stages of Kuşadası as follows; emergence between 1930-1960, expansion and development between 1961-1989, and finally, maturation between 1990-2014.

Keywords

Destination life progress, Tourism history, Tourism development, Kuşadası

Project Number

-

Kuşadası Turizminin Gelişimi: Tarihsel Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Turizm destinasyonları dinamiktir ve yaşam içerisinde değişime uğramaktadır. Bu araştırma, cumhuriyet dönemi turizminde önemli yer tutan ve Türkiye’nin öncü turizm destinasyonlarından biri olan Kuşadası’nın tarihsel gelişimini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden belge incelemeden yararlanılmıştır. Veri kaynağı olarak, Anadolu Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi tarafından yürütülen “Türkiye Turizmi Sözlü Tarihi” projesinin deşifre metinleri kullanılmıştır. Üç aşamalı analiz sürecinde başlangıç,
odak ve kuramsal kodlama adımları izlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları Kuşadası’nın gelişiminin; 1930-1960 döneminde doğuş, 1961-1989 döneminde büyüme ve gelişme, 1990-2014 döneminde ise olgunlaşma aşamalarıyla gerçekleştiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

Destinasyon yaşam seyri, Turizm tarihi, Turizm gelişimi, Kuşadası

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

References

• Adeyemi, O. ve Owoputi, A. E. (2023). Socio-Economic Patronage Pattern of Tourism Development in Nigeria: A Case Study of Ekiti State, FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 7 (1): 11-22.
• Aji, K. B. ve Kusumawanto, A. (2020). Life Cycle Analysis of Ponggok Tourism Village, Polanharjo District, Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies, 8 (3): 181-189.
• Arslan, E. (2022). Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 51 (Özel Sayı 1): 395-407.
• Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method, Qualitative Research Journal, 9 (2): 27-40.
• Butler, R. W. (1980). The Concept of a Tourist Area Cycle of Evolution: Implications for Management of Resources, Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe Canadien, 24 (1): 5-12.
• Butler, R. W. (2006). The Origins of the Tourism Area Life Cycle, İçinde; R. W. Butler (Editör) Aspect of Tourism: The Tourism Area Life Cycle, Vol. 1 Applications and Modifications (ss. 13-26). Toronto: Channel View Yayınları.
• Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis. Londra: Sage.
• Christaller, W. (1963). Some Considerations of Tourism Location in Europe: The Peripheral Regions‐Underdeveloped Countries‐Recreation Areas, Papers in Regional Science, 12 (1): 95-105.
• Cohen, E. (1972). Toward a Sociology of International Tourism. Social Research, 39 (1): 164-182.
• Cope, D. G. (2014). Methods and Meanings: Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research, Oncology Nursing Forum, 41 (1): 89-91.
• Doxey, G.V. (1975 Eylül). A Causation Theory of Visitor-Resident Irritants: Methodology and Research Inferences, İçinde; The Impact of Tourism: Travel Research Association, 6th Annual Conference Proceedings (ss. 195-198). San Diego.
• Enworo, O. C. (2023). Application of Guba and Lincoln’s Parallel Criteria to Assess Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research on Indigenous Social Protection Systems, Qualitative Research Journal, 23 (4): 372-384.
• Farmaki, A., Georgiou, M. ve Christou, P. (2017). Growth and Impacts of All-Inclusive Holiday Packages: Echoes from the Industry, Tourism Planning & Development, 14 (4): 483-502.
• Figini, P. ve Patuelli, R. (2022). Estimating the Economic Impact of Tourism in the European Union: Review and Computation, Journal of Travel Research, 61 (6): 1409-1423.
• Getz, D. (1992). Tourism Planning and Destination Life Cycle, Annals of Tourism Research, 19 (4): 752-770.
• Gurtner, Y. (2016). Returning to Paradise: Investigating Issues of Tourism Crisis and Disaster Recovery on the Island of Bali, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 28: 11-19.
• Hovinen, G. R. (2002). Revisiting the Destination Lifecycle Model, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1): 209-230.
• Karakaş, M., Konuk, O. ve Çağan, K. (2007). Bolvadin’de Toplumsal Yapı ve Değişim, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9 (2): 1-38.
• Kozak, M. ve Coşar, Y. (2017). Foça Club Med Tatil Köyü: Tarihçesi, Özellikleri ve Türkiye Turizmi İçin Sonuçları, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 28 (1): 39-57.
• Lincoln, Y. ve Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills: Sage.
• Mason, P. (2008). Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management.New York: Routledge.
• Mbane, T. L., ve Ezeuduji, I. O. (2022). Local Resident Safety in Cape Town Township Tourism, African Journal of Development Studies, 12 (2): 249-274.
• Noronha, R. (1977). Social and Cultural Dimensions of Tourism: A review of the literature in English, World Bank Working Paper https://pubdocs.worldbank.org/publicdoc/en/872711622703086138/World-Bank-Group-Archives-Folder-39618I.pdf?redirect=no Erişim Tarihi: 11 Mart 2023.
• Plog, S. (1974). Why Destination Areas Rise and Fall in Popularity, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14 (4): 55-58.
• Sağlam, H. S. (2022). UNESCO Dünya Miras Geçici Listesi Bağlamında Kuşadası Eleştirisi ve Var Olmamış Bir Ceneviz Kolonisi: Scalanova, Kent Akademisi, 15 (2): 452-480.
• Scott, D., Simpson, M. C. ve Sim, R. (2012). The Vulnerability of Caribbean Coastal Tourism to Scenarios of Climate Change Related Sea Level Rise, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20 (6): 883-898.
• Smith, V. L. (2012). Hosts and Guests: The Anthropology of Tourism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
• T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı (2023). Konaklama İstatistikleri. https://yigm.ktb.gov.tr/TR-201120/konaklama-istatistikleri. html, Erişim Tarihi: 16 Mart 2023.
• The World Bank. (2023). International Tourism, Number of Arrivals World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and Data Files. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ ST.INT.ARVL, Erişim Tarihi: 14 Nisan 2023.
• Tourism News. (2023, 16 Şubat). Kruvaziyer turizmi rekor kırdı!. https://www.turizmnews.com/kruvaziyer-turizmirekor-kirdi/28462/, Erişim Tarihi: 16 Nisan 2023.
• Tuğdemir Kök, G. ve Paker, S. (2022, Mayıs). Strategic Approach of Kuşadası Marine Tourism Sector. 6th International Congress on Political, Economic and Social Studies toplantısında sunulan bildiri (ss. 64-80). Sakarya.
• Turner, L. ve Ash, J. (1975). The Golden Hordes: International Tourism and the Pleasure Periphery. Londra: Constable Türktarhan, G., Toker, A., ve Kozak, N. (2022). The Roots of Tourism: Hippies. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Tourism, 7 (2): 85-94.
• Umberson, D. ve Karas Montez, J. (2010). Social Relationships and Health: A Flashpoint for Health Policy, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51 (S): S54-S66.
• Utomo, S. H., Wulandari, D., Narmaditya, B. S., Ishak, S., Prayitno, P. H., Sahid, S.ve Qodri, L. A. (2020). Rural-Based Tourism and Local Economic Development: Evidence from Indonesia, Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 31 (3): 1161-1165.
• Zhang, J., ve Xiang, G. (2022). Revisiting the Relationship Between Tourism and Crime Based on a Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model, Crime & Delinquency, 68 (11): 2146-2171.
• Zopiatis, A., Savva, C. S. ve Lambertides, N. (2020). The Non-Inclusive Nature of ‘All Inclusive’ Economics: Paradoxes and Possibilities of the Resort Complex, Tourism Management, 78: 1-13.