Türkiye'de Deprem Sonrası Müdahalelerde Bulunan Ruh Sağlığı Profesyonellerinde İkincil Travma, Merhamet Yorgunluğu ve Erken Uyumsuz Şemalar Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılması

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 37 - 47, 25.03.2025

Canan Çitil Akyol , Ezgi Sumbas

https://doi.org/10.53487/atasobed.1472347

Abstract

Depremler, insanları doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak etkileyen bir travma türüdür, çünkü deprem sonrası çalışmalarda yer alan uzmanlar yalnızca travma mağdurlarıyla çalışmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda kendi psikolojik iyilik hallerini koruma sorumluluğuyla da karşı karşıya kalırlar. Ruh sağlığı profesyonelleri, travmatik bir olayı doğrudan yaşamamış olsalar bile, olaya tanık olmak veya etkilenenlerin anlattıklarını dinlemek gibi dolaylı maruziyet nedeniyle Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu (TSSB) belirtileri gösterebilirler. İkincil travma olarak bilinen bu durum, travma mağdurlarıyla çalışan ancak travmatik olayı doğrudan yaşamamış olan bireylerin yaşadığı psikolojik etkileri kapsar. Deprem sonrası çalışmalarda yer alan profesyoneller, sevdiklerini kaybedenler, enkaz altında kalanlar, ampütasyon geçirenler veya afetten etkilenen bölgelerde yerlerinden edilenler de dahil olmak üzere depremin sonuçlarıyla başa çıkmak zorunda olan bireylerle temas halindedir. Deprem müdahalesinde görev alan ruh sağlığı uzmanları bu kişilere psikolojik yardım sağlayabilir. Her bireyin dinlemeye ve anlamaya değer benzersiz bir travma hikayesi vardır ve zaman içinde ruh sağlığı uzmanları ikincil travmaya ek olarak merhamet yorgunluğu gibi duygular yaşayabilir ve bu da rollerini yerine getirmelerini zorlaştırabilir. Türkiye'deki bu araştırma, yüz yüze ve çevrimiçi destek sağlayan ruh sağlığı uzmanları arasında ikincil travma, merhamet yorgunluğu ve erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar arasındaki bağlantıyı araştırmaktadır. İlişkisel bir araştırma modeli kullanılarak, merhamet yorgunluğunun ve erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların ikincil travma varyansının %49,7'sine ortaklaşa katkıda bulunduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ve merhamet yorgunluğunun ikincil temayı yordamaktadır. Daha ileri çalışmalar, ikincil travma konusunda eğitim, çalışma alanı ve mesleki deneyim gibi spesifik faktörleri incelemelidir. Bulgular, merhamet yorgunluğunu önlemek veya ele almak için sağlık ve ruh sağlığı profesyonellerine yönelik özel destek programları ve eğitimler oluşturmanın önemini vurguluyor.

Keywords

ruh sağlığı çalışanları, ikincil travma, merhamet yorgunluğu, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar

Exploring the Relationship Between Secondary Trauma, Compassion Fatigue, and Early Maladaptive Schemas in Mental Health Professionals Engaged in Post-Earthquake Interventions in Türkiye

Abstract

Earthquakes are a type of trauma that directly and indirectly affect people, as experts involved in post- earthquake efforts not only work with trauma victims but also face the responsibility of safeguarding their psychological well-being. Mental health professionals, even if they have not directly experienced a traumatic event, may still exhibit symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) due to indirect exposure, such as witnessing the event or listening to the accounts of those affected. This condition, known as secondary trauma, encompasses the psychological effects experienced by individuals who work with trauma victims but have not directly experienced the traumatic event. Professionals involved in post-earthquake efforts are in contact with individuals who must cope with the consequences of earthquake, including those who have lost loved ones, been trapped under debris, have to undergo amputations, or have been displaced from disaster-stricken areas. Mental health experts in earthquake response can provide psychological assistance to these individuals. Each person has a unique trauma story that is worth listening to and understanding, and over time, mental health professionals may experience emotions, such as compassion fatigue, in addition to secondary trauma, which can make it challenging to perform their roles. This research in Türkiye explored the link between secondary trauma, compassion fatigue, and early maladaptive schemas among mental health professionals providing in-person and online support. Using a relational survey model, it was revealed that compassion fatigue and early maladaptive schemas jointly contributed to 49.7% of the secondary trauma variance. In addition, compassion fatigue predicted the secondary theme. Further studies should examine specific factors such as education, field of study, and professional experience of secondary trauma. The findings underscore the importance of creating tailored support programs and training for healthcare and mental health professionals to prevent or address compassion fatigue.

Keywords

mental health professionals, secondary trauma, compassion fatique, early maladaptive schemas

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