AVRUPA BİRLİĞI GÖÇ POLİTİKALARINDA NEOLİBERAL PARADİGMA: ELEŞTİREL BİR ANALİZ

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 507 - 521

Ahmet Küçük

https://doi.org/10.53487/atasobed.1614661

Abstract

Bu makale, Avrupa Birliği göç politikalarının piyasa verimliliği, emeğin metalaştırılması ve
sınır güvenliğinin özelleştirilmesi gibi neoliberal ilkeler doğrultusunda şekillendiğini
savunmaktadır. Schengen Anlaşması, Dublin Düzenlemesi, Maastricht ve Lizbon
Antlaşmaları ile Yeni Göç ve Sığınma Paktı gibi düzenlemeler üzerinden yapılan analiz,
insan hareketliliğine yönelik AB yaklaşımının bu ideolojilerle nasıl yeniden biçimlendiğini
ortaya koymaktadır. Makale, AB içinde serbest emek dolaşımına olan açıklığın, dış
sınırların güvenli hale getirilmesi ve üçüncü ülke vatandaşlarına yönelik kısıtlamalarla
çeliştiğini vurgulamaktadır. Schengen sistemi Kale Avrupa anlayışını pekiştirirken, Dublin
Düzenlemesi sorumluluğu çevre ülkelere kaydırmakta, Maastricht ve Lizbon Antlaşmaları
ise göç yönetimini merkezileştirmektedir. Bu politikalar, ekonomik entegrasyonu
kolaylaştırsa da göçmen haklarını zayıflatmakta, eşitsizlikleri artırmakta ve yük
paylaşımında adaletsizlik yaratmaktadır. Makale, AB göç yönetiminin insan haklarına
dayalı, yükün adil paylaşımını esas alan ve hareketliliği metalaştırmayan yeni bir anlayışla
yeniden yapılandırılması gerektiğini ileri sürmektedir.

Keywords

Neoliberalizm, AB göç politikası, insan hareketliliği, güvenlikleştirme, emeğin metalaştırılması

The Neoliberal Paradigm In EU’s Migration Policies: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

This article explores how European Union migration policies have been fundamentally
shaped by neoliberal ideologies prioritizing market efficiency, labor commodification, and
privatized border control. Through a critical analysis of key policy instruments, including the
Schengen Agreement, Dublin Regulation, Maastricht and Lisbon Treaties, and the New Pact
on Migration and Asylum, it examines how neoliberal logics have transformed the EU’s
approach to human mobility. The paper highlights a central paradox: while promoting the
free movement of labor within the EU, external borders have been increasingly securitized,
and access for third-country nationals has been restricted. Schengen’s semi-permeable
design has fostered a Fortress Europe mentality, while the Dublin Regulation redistributes
responsibility in ways that burden peripheral states. The Maastricht and Lisbon Treaties
institutionalized centralized governance, embedding market-driven principles in migration
policy. These shifts reinforce inequalities, undermine migrant rights, and create
asymmetrical burdens among member states. Ultimately, the article argues for a
reimagining of EU migration governance, one that prioritizes human rights, equitable
responsibility-sharing, and non-commodified forms of mobility.

Keywords

Neoliberalism, EU migration policy, human mobility, securitization, labor commodification

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