ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT

Seval Bayrak; Duygu Göller Bulut

doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to perform morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum (FM) and clivus using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate their applicability in age and gender estimation.

Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 412 individuals (248 females and 164 males) were included in the study. The sagittal dimension (SD) and transverse dimension (TD) and area of the FM were measured. The width and length of clivus were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and t-tests to assess the level of significance for sex and age.

Result: The mean values of SD, TD, area of FM and width and length of clivus were higher in males than in females. Statistically significant differences were found between sexes for all variables (p< 0.05). There was no statistically difference between age and FM dimensions (p > 0.05). There was a significant relationship and positive correlation between length of clivus and age groups (p=0.009, r=0.351).

Concusion: CBCT provides valuable information about the dimensions of the FM and clivus, and can be used reliably for anthropometric analysis and forensic medicine in the field of sexual dimorphism. The length of clivus can also help in determining age groups.

Keywords:Age estimation, CBCT, clivus, foramen magnum, sex estimation .

Yaş ve Cinsiyet Tayininde Foramen Magnum ve Klivusun Konik Işınlı BT Kullanımı ile Değerlendirilmesi

ÖZ

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı foramen magnum (FM) ve klivusun morfometrik özelliklerini konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) ile belirleyip ve yaş ve cinsiyet belirlemede kullanılabilirliğini değerlendirmektir.

Materyal ve Metod: 412 bireye (248 bayan ve 164 erkek) ait KIBT görüntüsü çalışmaya dahil edildi. FM’ un sagittal boyutu (SB), transversal boyutu (TB) ve alanı ölçüldü. klivusun genişlik ve uzunluğu ölçüldü. Veriler, cinsiyet ve yaş için önem düzeyini değerlendirmek amacıyla ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis ve t-testleri ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.

Bulgular: SB, TB, FM alanı ile klivus genişliği ve uzunluğuna ait ortalama değerler erkeklerde kadınlara nazaran yüksek bulundu. Tüm değişkenler için cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark görüldü. klivusun uzunluğu ile yaş grupları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki ve pozitif korelasyon görüldü (p=0.009, r=0.351).

Sonuç: KIBT, FM ve klivus boyutları hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlar ve cinsiyet ayrımında antropometrik ve adli tıp alanında güvenilir bir şekilde kullanılabilir. Ayrıca klivusun uzunluğu da yaş gruplarının belirlenmesinde yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Yaş tayini, KIBT, klivus, foramen magnum, cinsiyet ayrımı

Keywords

Age estimation,CBCT,clivus,foramen magnum

References

1. Chaurasia A, Patil R, Katheriya G. Radiomorphometeric Evaluation of Clivus in Indian Paediatric Population Visiting a Tertiary Dental Hospital-A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research 2018; 12
2. Akay G, Gungor K, Peker I. Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum using cone beam computed tomography. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1715-1722.
3. Gunay Y, Altinkok M. The value of the size of foramen magnum in sex estimation. J Clin Forensic Med 2000; 7:147-149.
4. Uthman AT, Al-Rawi NH, Al-Timimi JF. Evaluation of foramen magnum in gender estimation using helical CT scanning. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41:197-202.
5. Jain D, Jasuja OP, Nath S. Sex estimation of human crania using Mastoid triangle and Opisthion-Bimastoid triangle. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:255-259.
6. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Estimation of sex from mastoid triangle - a craniometric analysis. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:855-860.
7. Bayrak S, Halicioglu S, Kose G, Halicioglu K. Evaluation of the relationship between mandibular condyle cortication and chronologic age with cone beam computed tomography. J Forensic Leg Med 2018; 55:39-44.
8. Tambawala SS, Karjodkar FR, Sansare K, Prakash N, Dora AC. Sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 44:29-34.

9. Jehan M, Kumar R. Sexual dimorphism of clivus dimension by computed tomography scan. Indian Journal of Applied Research 2014; 9:379-381.
10. Hofmann E, Prescher A. The clivus: anatomy, normal variants and imaging pathology. Clin Neuroradiol 2012; 22:123-139.
11. Aktan A, Güngör E, Çiftçi M, İşman Ö. Diş hekimliğinde konik işinli bilgisayarli tomografi kullanimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2015; 25:71-76.
12. Yang F, Jacobs R, Willems G. Dental age estimation through volume matching of teeth imaged by cone-beam CT. Forensic Sci Int 2006; 159 Suppl 1:S78-83.
13. Gamba Tde O, Alves MC, Haiter-Neto F. Mandibular sexual dimorphism analysis in CBCT scans. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 38:106-110.
14. Lee KM, Lee WJ, Cho JH, Hwang HS. Three-dimensional prediction of the nose for facial reconstruction using cone-beam computed tomography. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 236:194.e191-195.
15. Marques J, Musse J, Caetano C, Corte-Real F, Corte-Real AT. Analysis of bite marks in foodstuffs by computer tomography (cone beam CT)--3D reconstruction. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2013; 31:1-7.
16. Patil KR, Mody RN. Estimation of sex by discriminant function analysis and stature by regression analysis: a lateral cephalometric study. Forensic Sci Int 2005; 147:175-180.
17. Raikar NA, Meundi MA, David CM, Rao MD, Jogigowda SC. Sexual dimorphism in foramen magnum dimensions in the South Indian population: A digital submentovertex radiographic study. J Forensic Dent Sci 2016; 8:180.
18. Uysal S, Gokharman D, Kacar M, Tuncbilek I, Kosa U. Estimation of sex by 3D CT measurements of the foramen magnum. J Forensic Sci 2005; 50:1310-1314.
19. Galdames ICS, Russo PP, Matamala DAZ, Smith RL. Sexual dimorphism in the foramen magnum dimensions. International Journal of Morphology 2009; 27
20. Burdan F, Szumilo J, Walocha J, Klepacz L, Madej B, Dworzanski W, Klepacz R, Dworzanska A, Czekajska-Chehab E, Drop A. Morphology of the foramen magnum in young Eastern European adults. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2012; 71:205-216.
21. Bello SS ZA, Kalale SB, Usman JD, Bello A, Abdulhameed A, et al. . Measurements of Foramen Magnum using ComputerisedTomography in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Int J Health and Medical Information 2013; 2:29‑35.
22. Murshed KA, Çiçekcibaşi AE, Tuncer I. Morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum and variations in its shape: a study on computerized tomographic images of normal adults. Turk J Med Sci 2003; 33:301-306.
23. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Craniometric analysis of foramen magnum for estimation of sex. International journal of medical, Health, biomedical and pharmaceutical engineering 2013; 7:111-113.
24. Raghavendra Babu YP, Kanchan T, Attiku Y, Dixit PN, Kotian MS. Sex estimation from foramen magnum dimensions in an Indian population. J Forensic Leg Med 2012; 19:162-167.
25. Ilguy D, Ilguy M, Ersan N, Dolekoglu S, Fisekcioglu E. Measurements of the foramen magnum and mandible in relation to sex using CBCT. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:601-605.
26. Tellioglu AM, Durum Y, Gok M, Karakas S, Polat AG, Karaman CZ. Suitability of foramen magnum measurements in sex estimation and their clinical significance. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 77:99-104.
27. Catalina-Herrera CJ. Study of the anatomic metric values of the foramen magnum and its relation to sex. Acta Anat (Basel) 1987; 130:344-347.
28. Günay Y, Altinkök M, Cagdir S, Kirangil B. Gender estimation with skull measurements. J Forensic Med 1997; 13:4-8.
29. Chaurasia A, Katheriya G, Patil R. Radio-morphometric evaluation of Clivus in Indian ethinicity-A cone beam computed tomography study. Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 2017; 3:35-41.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Dentistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Seval Bayrak
0000-0003-0819-4578

Duygu Göller Bulut This is me
0000-0003-4260-2520

Publication Date

March 22, 2019

Submission Date

June 25, 2018

Acceptance Date

November 15, 2018

Published in Issue

Year 2019 Volume: 29 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA94SL29YT

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Bayrak, S., & Göller Bulut, D. (2019). ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(2), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

AMA

1.Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D. ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;29(2):244-251. doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

Chicago

Bayrak, Seval, and Duygu Göller Bulut. 2019. “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29 (2): 244-51. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.

EndNote

Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D (March 1, 2019) ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29 2 244–251.

IEEE

[1]S. Bayrak and D. Göller Bulut, “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 244–251, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.

ISNAD

Bayrak, Seval - Göller Bulut, Duygu. “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29/2 (March 1, 2019): 244-251. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.

JAMA

1.Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D. ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;29:244–251.

MLA

Bayrak, Seval, and Duygu Göller Bulut. “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 2, Mar. 2019, pp. 244-51, doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.

Vancouver

1.Seval Bayrak, Duygu Göller Bulut. ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019 Mar. 1;29(2):244-51. doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

Cited By

Radiomorphometric analysis of the clivus – A soothsayer of age and gender

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology

https://doi.org/10.4103/jomr.jomr_8_22