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ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ

Year 2014, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 434 - 441, 11.02.2015

Özge Kolkesen Şahin Müge Çına Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.83414

Abstract

Sigara kullanımı insan vücudundaki neredeyse tüm sistemleri etkilemektedir. Koroner kalp hastalığı, felç, ateroskleroz, solunum sistemi hastalıkları ve çok sayıda kanser türüyle ilişkilidir. Sigara oral dokuları da etkileyerek ağız ve farinkste çeşitli pre-kanseröz ve kanseröz lezyonlara neden olmakla birlikte diş çekimi, implant, maksillofasial ve periodontal  cerrahi işlemler sonrasında yara iyileşmesini bozmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sigaranın, ağız içinde yapılan cerrahi işlemler sonrasında dokuların iyileşmesi üzerindeki etkileri tartışılacaktır.

Keywords

Sigara Oral Cerrahi Yara İyileşmesi

References

  • http://www.who.int/tobacco/health_priority/en/ (13.10.2013).
  • Alyan Ö, Kaçmaz F, Özdemir Ö, Karahan Z, Taşkesen T, İyem H, Alan S, Karadede A, İlkay E. Sigara içenlerde artmış yüksek duyarlıklı C-reaktif protein düzeyleri ve bozulmuş otonomik aktivite. Türk Kardiyol Dern Arş - Arch Turk Soc Cardiol 2008; 36:368-75.
  • Church DF, Pryor, WA. Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications. Environ Health Perspect 1985; 64:111-26.
  • Pryor WA, Stone K. Oxidants in cigarette smoke: Radicals hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrate, and peroxynitrite. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993; 686:12-27.
  • Winn DM. Tobacco use and oral disease. J Dent Educ 2001; 65:306-12.
  • Gandini S, Botteri E, Iodice S, Boniol M, Lowenfels AB, Maisonneuve P, Boyle P. Tobacco smoking and cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2008; 122,155-64.
  • Johnson GK, Slach NA. Impact of tobacco use on periodontal status. J Dent Educ 2001; 65:313-21.
  • Sorensen LT. Wound Healing and Infection in Surgery. Arch Surg 2012;147:373-83.
  • Karasu A, Bakır B. Yara ve yara iyileşmesi. Veteriner Cerrahi Dergisi 2008; 14,36-43.
  • Wong LS, Martins-Green M. Firsthand cigarette smoke alters fibroblast migration and survival: Implications for impaired healing. Wound Repair Regen 2004; 12:471-84.
  • Oe K, Miwa M, Sakai Y, Lee SY, Kuroda R, Kurosaka M. An in vitro study demonstrating that haematomas found at the site of human fractures contain progenitor cells with multilineage capacity. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89:133-8.
  • Ear T, McDonald PP. Cytokine generation, promoter activation, and oxidant-independent NF- kappaB activation in a transfectable human neutrophilic cellular model. BMC Immunol 2008; 9:14.
  • Bosken CH, Doerschuk CM, English D, Hogg JC. Neutrophil kinetics during active cigarette smoking in rabbits. J Appl Physiol 199171:630-7.
  • Lee J, Taneja V, Vassallo R. Cigarette smoking and Inflammation: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Dent Res 2012; 91:142-9.
  • Van der Vaart H, Postma DS, Timens W, Ten Hacken NHT. Acute effects of cigarette smoke on inflammation and oxidative stress: A review. Thorax 2004; 59:713-21.
  • Silverstein P. Smoking and wound healing. Am J Med 1992; 93:22-4.
  • Yuhara S, Kasagi S, Inoue A, Otsuka E, Hirose S, Hagiwara H. Effects of nicotine on cultured cells suggest that it can influence the formation and resorption of bone. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 383:387-9.
  • Henemyre CL, Scales DK, Hokett SD, Cuenin MF, Peacock ME, Parker MH. Nicotine stimulates osteoclast resorption in a porcine marrow cell model. J Periodontol 2003; 74:1440-6.
  • Gullihorn L, Karpman R, Lippiello L. Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity. J Orthop Trauma 2005; 19:17-22.
  • Mosely LH, Finseth F. Cigarette smoking: Impairment of digital blood flow and wound healing in the hand. Hand 1977; 9:97-101.
  • Seyler Jr LE, Fertig J, Pomerleau O, Hunt D, Parker K. The effects of smoking on ACTH and cortisol secretion. Life Sci 1984;34:57-65.
  • Jensen JA, Goodson WH, Hopf HW, et al. Cigarette smoking decreases tissue oxygen. Arch Surg 1991; 126: 1131.
  • Krupski WC. The peripheral vascular consequences of Smoking Annals of Vascular Surgery 1991; 5:291-304.
  • Johnson NW, Bain CA. Tobacco and oral disease. EU-working group on tobacco and oral health. Br Dent J 2000; 189:200-6.
  • Pittilo RM. Cigarette smoking, endothelial injury and cardiovascular disease. Int J Exp Pathol 2000; 81:219-30.
  • Zucker MB, Nachmias VT. Platelet activation. Arteriosclerosis 1985; 5:2-18.
  • Steinberg D. Antioxidants and atherosclerosis. Circulation 1991; 84:142-5.
  • Wennmalm A, Benthin G, Granström EF, Persson L, Petersson AS, Winell S. Relation between tobacco use and urinary excretion of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin metabolites in young men. Circulation 1991; 83:1698-704.
  • Caro CG. Cigarette smoking causes acute changes in arterial wall mechanics and the pattern of arterial blood flow in healthy subjects: Possible insight into mechanisms of atherogenesis. In: Diana Atherosclerosis New York: Plenum Press 1990: 273-80. Smoking and
  • Ma L, Zheng LW, Sham MH, Cheung LK. Uncoupled angiogenesis and osteogenesis in nicotine- compromised bone healing. J Bone Miner Res 2010; 25:1305-13.
  • Sorensen LT, Toft BG, Rygaard J Ladelund S, Paddon M, James T. Effect of smoking, smoking cessation, and nicotine patch on wound dimension, vitamin C, and systemic markers of collagen metabolism. Surgery 2010; 148:982-90.
  • Krall EA, Dawson-Hughes B. Smoking increases bone loss and decreases intestinal calcium absorption. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14:215-20.
  • Rapuri PB, Gallagher JC, Balhorn KE, Ryschon KL. Smoking and bone metabolism in elderly women. Bone 2000; 27:429-36.
  • Baron JA, Comi RJ, Cryns V, Brinck-Johnsen T, Mercer NG. The effect of cigarette smoking on adrenal cortical hormones. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 272:151-5.
  • Tang TH, Fitzsimmons TR, Bartold PM. Effect of smoking on concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin in human gingival crevicular fluid. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36:713-8.
  • Bayliss PE, Bellavance KL, Whitehead GG, et al. Chemical modulation of receptor signaling inhibits regenerative angiogenesis in adult zebrafish. Nat Chem Biol 2006; 2:265-73.
  • Peng H, Wright V, Usas A, et al. Synergistic enhancement of bone formation and healing by stem cellexpressed VEGF and bone morphogenetic protein-4. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:751-9.
  • Dai J, Rabie AB. VEGF: An essential mediator of both angiogenesis and endochondral ossification. J Dent Res 2007; 86:937-50.
  • Cooke JP, Bitterman H. Nicotine and angiogenesis: A new paradigm for tobacco-related diseases. Ann Med 2004;36:33-4.
  • Rawlinson A, Grummitt JM, Walsh TF, Ian Douglas CW. Interleukin 1 and receptor antagonist levels in gingival crevicular fluid in heavy smokers versus nonsmokers. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30:42-8.
  • Leibbrandt A, Penninger JM TNF conference 2009: Beyond bones - RANKL/RANK in the immune system. Adv Exp Med Biol 2011; 691:5-22.
  • Shibli JA, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Cardoso LA, Onuma T, de Carvalho PS et al. Effect of smoking on early bone healing around oxidized surfaces: A prospective, controlled study in human jaws. J Periodontol 2010; 81:575-83.
  • Hadley MN, Reddy SV. Smoking and the human vertebral column: A review of the impact of cigarette use on vertebral bone metabohn and spinal fusion. Neurosurg 1997; 41:116-24.
  • Law MR, Cheng R, Hackshaw AK, Allaway S, Hale AK. Cigarette smoking, sex hormones and bone density in women. Eur J Epidemiol 1997; 13:553-8.
  • Bhattacharyya MH. Cadmium Osteotoxicity in Experimental Relationship to Human Exposures. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 238:258-65. Mechanisms and
  • Slemenda CW. Cigarettes and the skeleton. N Engl J Med 1994; 10;330:430-1.
  • Raikin SM, Landsman JC, Alexander VA, Froimson MI, Plaxton NA. Effect of nicotine on the rate and strength of long bone fracture healing. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998; 353: 231-7.
  • Hollinger JO, Schmitt JM, Hwang K, Soleymani P, Buck D. Impact of nicotine on bone healing. J Biomed Mater Res 1999; 45:294-301.
  • Ward KD, Klesges RC. A meta-analysis of the effects of cigarette smoking on bone mineral density. Calcified Tissue International 2001; 68:259-70.
  • Puleo DA, Nanci A. Understanding and controlling the bone-implant interface. Biomaterials 1999; 20:231-2.
  • W-Dahl A, Toksvig-Larsen S. Cigarette smoking delays bone healing. A prospective study of 200 patients operated on by the hemicallotasis technique. Acta Orthop Scand 2004; 75:347-51.
  • Bain A. Implant installation in the smoking patient. Periodontology 2000 2003; 33:185-93.
  • Bain CA, Moy PK. The association between the failure of dental implants and cigarette smoking. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993; 8:609-15.
  • Sánchez-Pérez A, Moya-Villaescusa MJ, Caffesse RG. Tobacco as a risk factor for survival of dental implants. J Periodontol 2007; 78:351-9.
  • Kasat V, Ladda R. Smoking and dental implants. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent 2012; 2:38-41.
  • Goutam M, Singh M, Patel D. A literature review on effects of smoking on the success of dental implants. J Dent Imp 2013; 3:46-51.
  • Strietzel FP, Reichart PA, Kale A, Milind K, Wegner B,Küchler I. Smoking interferes with the prognosis of dental implant treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2007; 34: 523-44.
  • Giorgetti APO, César Neto JB, Casatı MZ, Sallum EA, Nocıtı Jşnıor FH. Cigarette Smoke Inhalation Influences Bone Healing of Post-Extraction Tooth Socket: A Histometric Study in Rats. Braz Dent J 2012; 23:228-34.
  • Pinto JR, Bosco AF, Okamoto T, Guerra JB, Piza IG. Effects of nicotine on the healing of extraction sockets in rats. A histological study. Braz Dent J 2002; 13:3-9.
  • Sweet JB, Butler DP. The relationship of smoking to localized osteitis. J Oral Surg 1979; 37:732-5.
  • Meechan JG, Macgregor ID, Rogers SN, Hobson RS, Bate JP, Dennison M. The effect of smoking on immediate post extraction socket filling with blood and on the incidence of painful socket. BJOMS 1988; 26.
  • Larsen PE. Alveolar osteitis after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars: Identification of the patient at risk. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992;73:393-7.
  • Cheung LK Ma L, Zheng LW. Inhibitory effect of nicotine on bone regeneration in mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Front Biosci 2007; 12:3256-62.
  • Ueng SW, Lin SS, Wang CR, Liu SJ, Tai CL, Shih CH. Bone healing of tibial lengthening is delayed by cigarette smoking: Study of bone mineral density and torsional strength on rabbits. J Trauma. 1999; 46:110-5.
  • Levin L, Schwartz-Arad D. The effect of cigarette smoking on dental implants and related surgery. Implant Dent 2005; 14:357-61.
  • Lin TH, Chen L, Cha J, Jeffcoat M, Kao DW, Nevins M, Fiorellini JP. The effect of cigarette smoking and native bone height on dental implants placed immediately in sinuses grafted by hydraulic condensation. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2012; Jun 32:255-61.
  • Sezgin Y, Taner İL. Sigara kullanımının periodontal tedavi sonuçlarına etkisi ve sigara içenlerde uygulanabilecek klinik prosedürler. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg 2012; 22 :197-204.
  • Sloan A, Hussain I, Maqsood M, Eremin O, El- Sheemy M. The effects of smoking on fracture healing. Surgeon 2010; 8:111-6.
  • Benson PD, Marshall MK, Engelstad ME, Kushner GM, Alpert B. The use of immediate bone grafting in reconstruction of clinically infected mandibular fractures: Bone grafts in the presence of pus. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64:122-6.
  • Serena-Gómez E, Passeri LA. Complications of mandible fractures related to substance abuse. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 66:2028-34.
  • Bui P, Demian N, Beetar P. Infection rate in mandibular angle fractures treated with a 2.0-mm 8-hole curved strut plate. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009; 67:804-8.
  • Zheng LW, Ma L, Cheung LK. Changes in blood perfusion and bone healing induced by nicotine during distraction osteogenesis. Bone 2008; 43:355-61.
  • Arcavi L, Benovitz NL. Cigarette Smoking and Infection. Archives of Internal Medicine 2004; 164:2206-16.
  • Sherwin MA, Gastwirth CM. Detrimental effects of cigarette smoking on lower extremity wound healing. J Foot Surg 1990; 29:84-7.
  • Campanile G, Hautmann G, Lotti T. Cigarette smoking, wound healing, and face-lift. Clin Dermatol 1998; 16:575-8.
  • http://www.cancer.org/healthy/stayawayfromtobac co/guidetoquittingsmoking/guide-to-quitting- smoking-benefits (13.10.2013).

EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON WOUND HEALING AFTER ORAL SURGICAL PROCEDURES

Year 2014, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 434 - 441, 11.02.2015

Özge Kolkesen Şahin Müge Çına Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.83414

Abstract

Smoking impairs almost all of systems of the human body. Coronary heart disease, stroke, atherosclerosis, pulmonary diseases and a large number of cancer related with smoking. By affecting oral tissues various precancerous and cancerous lesions are caused by cigarette in mouth and pharynx. Cigarette affects oral tissues, post operative wound healing of extraction of tooth, dental implant, maxillofacial and periodontal surgery. In this study the effects of smoking, on the healing of tissues after surgical procedures performed in the mouth will be discussed

Keywords

Smoking Oral Surgery Wound Healing

References

  • http://www.who.int/tobacco/health_priority/en/ (13.10.2013).
  • Alyan Ö, Kaçmaz F, Özdemir Ö, Karahan Z, Taşkesen T, İyem H, Alan S, Karadede A, İlkay E. Sigara içenlerde artmış yüksek duyarlıklı C-reaktif protein düzeyleri ve bozulmuş otonomik aktivite. Türk Kardiyol Dern Arş - Arch Turk Soc Cardiol 2008; 36:368-75.
  • Church DF, Pryor, WA. Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications. Environ Health Perspect 1985; 64:111-26.
  • Pryor WA, Stone K. Oxidants in cigarette smoke: Radicals hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrate, and peroxynitrite. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993; 686:12-27.
  • Winn DM. Tobacco use and oral disease. J Dent Educ 2001; 65:306-12.
  • Gandini S, Botteri E, Iodice S, Boniol M, Lowenfels AB, Maisonneuve P, Boyle P. Tobacco smoking and cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2008; 122,155-64.
  • Johnson GK, Slach NA. Impact of tobacco use on periodontal status. J Dent Educ 2001; 65:313-21.
  • Sorensen LT. Wound Healing and Infection in Surgery. Arch Surg 2012;147:373-83.
  • Karasu A, Bakır B. Yara ve yara iyileşmesi. Veteriner Cerrahi Dergisi 2008; 14,36-43.
  • Wong LS, Martins-Green M. Firsthand cigarette smoke alters fibroblast migration and survival: Implications for impaired healing. Wound Repair Regen 2004; 12:471-84.
  • Oe K, Miwa M, Sakai Y, Lee SY, Kuroda R, Kurosaka M. An in vitro study demonstrating that haematomas found at the site of human fractures contain progenitor cells with multilineage capacity. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89:133-8.
  • Ear T, McDonald PP. Cytokine generation, promoter activation, and oxidant-independent NF- kappaB activation in a transfectable human neutrophilic cellular model. BMC Immunol 2008; 9:14.
  • Bosken CH, Doerschuk CM, English D, Hogg JC. Neutrophil kinetics during active cigarette smoking in rabbits. J Appl Physiol 199171:630-7.
  • Lee J, Taneja V, Vassallo R. Cigarette smoking and Inflammation: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Dent Res 2012; 91:142-9.
  • Van der Vaart H, Postma DS, Timens W, Ten Hacken NHT. Acute effects of cigarette smoke on inflammation and oxidative stress: A review. Thorax 2004; 59:713-21.
  • Silverstein P. Smoking and wound healing. Am J Med 1992; 93:22-4.
  • Yuhara S, Kasagi S, Inoue A, Otsuka E, Hirose S, Hagiwara H. Effects of nicotine on cultured cells suggest that it can influence the formation and resorption of bone. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 383:387-9.
  • Henemyre CL, Scales DK, Hokett SD, Cuenin MF, Peacock ME, Parker MH. Nicotine stimulates osteoclast resorption in a porcine marrow cell model. J Periodontol 2003; 74:1440-6.
  • Gullihorn L, Karpman R, Lippiello L. Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity. J Orthop Trauma 2005; 19:17-22.
  • Mosely LH, Finseth F. Cigarette smoking: Impairment of digital blood flow and wound healing in the hand. Hand 1977; 9:97-101.
  • Seyler Jr LE, Fertig J, Pomerleau O, Hunt D, Parker K. The effects of smoking on ACTH and cortisol secretion. Life Sci 1984;34:57-65.
  • Jensen JA, Goodson WH, Hopf HW, et al. Cigarette smoking decreases tissue oxygen. Arch Surg 1991; 126: 1131.
  • Krupski WC. The peripheral vascular consequences of Smoking Annals of Vascular Surgery 1991; 5:291-304.
  • Johnson NW, Bain CA. Tobacco and oral disease. EU-working group on tobacco and oral health. Br Dent J 2000; 189:200-6.
  • Pittilo RM. Cigarette smoking, endothelial injury and cardiovascular disease. Int J Exp Pathol 2000; 81:219-30.
  • Zucker MB, Nachmias VT. Platelet activation. Arteriosclerosis 1985; 5:2-18.
  • Steinberg D. Antioxidants and atherosclerosis. Circulation 1991; 84:142-5.
  • Wennmalm A, Benthin G, Granström EF, Persson L, Petersson AS, Winell S. Relation between tobacco use and urinary excretion of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin metabolites in young men. Circulation 1991; 83:1698-704.
  • Caro CG. Cigarette smoking causes acute changes in arterial wall mechanics and the pattern of arterial blood flow in healthy subjects: Possible insight into mechanisms of atherogenesis. In: Diana Atherosclerosis New York: Plenum Press 1990: 273-80. Smoking and
  • Ma L, Zheng LW, Sham MH, Cheung LK. Uncoupled angiogenesis and osteogenesis in nicotine- compromised bone healing. J Bone Miner Res 2010; 25:1305-13.
  • Sorensen LT, Toft BG, Rygaard J Ladelund S, Paddon M, James T. Effect of smoking, smoking cessation, and nicotine patch on wound dimension, vitamin C, and systemic markers of collagen metabolism. Surgery 2010; 148:982-90.
  • Krall EA, Dawson-Hughes B. Smoking increases bone loss and decreases intestinal calcium absorption. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14:215-20.
  • Rapuri PB, Gallagher JC, Balhorn KE, Ryschon KL. Smoking and bone metabolism in elderly women. Bone 2000; 27:429-36.
  • Baron JA, Comi RJ, Cryns V, Brinck-Johnsen T, Mercer NG. The effect of cigarette smoking on adrenal cortical hormones. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 272:151-5.
  • Tang TH, Fitzsimmons TR, Bartold PM. Effect of smoking on concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin in human gingival crevicular fluid. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36:713-8.
  • Bayliss PE, Bellavance KL, Whitehead GG, et al. Chemical modulation of receptor signaling inhibits regenerative angiogenesis in adult zebrafish. Nat Chem Biol 2006; 2:265-73.
  • Peng H, Wright V, Usas A, et al. Synergistic enhancement of bone formation and healing by stem cellexpressed VEGF and bone morphogenetic protein-4. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:751-9.
  • Dai J, Rabie AB. VEGF: An essential mediator of both angiogenesis and endochondral ossification. J Dent Res 2007; 86:937-50.
  • Cooke JP, Bitterman H. Nicotine and angiogenesis: A new paradigm for tobacco-related diseases. Ann Med 2004;36:33-4.
  • Rawlinson A, Grummitt JM, Walsh TF, Ian Douglas CW. Interleukin 1 and receptor antagonist levels in gingival crevicular fluid in heavy smokers versus nonsmokers. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30:42-8.
  • Leibbrandt A, Penninger JM TNF conference 2009: Beyond bones - RANKL/RANK in the immune system. Adv Exp Med Biol 2011; 691:5-22.
  • Shibli JA, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Cardoso LA, Onuma T, de Carvalho PS et al. Effect of smoking on early bone healing around oxidized surfaces: A prospective, controlled study in human jaws. J Periodontol 2010; 81:575-83.
  • Hadley MN, Reddy SV. Smoking and the human vertebral column: A review of the impact of cigarette use on vertebral bone metabohn and spinal fusion. Neurosurg 1997; 41:116-24.
  • Law MR, Cheng R, Hackshaw AK, Allaway S, Hale AK. Cigarette smoking, sex hormones and bone density in women. Eur J Epidemiol 1997; 13:553-8.
  • Bhattacharyya MH. Cadmium Osteotoxicity in Experimental Relationship to Human Exposures. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 238:258-65. Mechanisms and
  • Slemenda CW. Cigarettes and the skeleton. N Engl J Med 1994; 10;330:430-1.
  • Raikin SM, Landsman JC, Alexander VA, Froimson MI, Plaxton NA. Effect of nicotine on the rate and strength of long bone fracture healing. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998; 353: 231-7.
  • Hollinger JO, Schmitt JM, Hwang K, Soleymani P, Buck D. Impact of nicotine on bone healing. J Biomed Mater Res 1999; 45:294-301.
  • Ward KD, Klesges RC. A meta-analysis of the effects of cigarette smoking on bone mineral density. Calcified Tissue International 2001; 68:259-70.
  • Puleo DA, Nanci A. Understanding and controlling the bone-implant interface. Biomaterials 1999; 20:231-2.
  • W-Dahl A, Toksvig-Larsen S. Cigarette smoking delays bone healing. A prospective study of 200 patients operated on by the hemicallotasis technique. Acta Orthop Scand 2004; 75:347-51.
  • Bain A. Implant installation in the smoking patient. Periodontology 2000 2003; 33:185-93.
  • Bain CA, Moy PK. The association between the failure of dental implants and cigarette smoking. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993; 8:609-15.
  • Sánchez-Pérez A, Moya-Villaescusa MJ, Caffesse RG. Tobacco as a risk factor for survival of dental implants. J Periodontol 2007; 78:351-9.
  • Kasat V, Ladda R. Smoking and dental implants. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent 2012; 2:38-41.
  • Goutam M, Singh M, Patel D. A literature review on effects of smoking on the success of dental implants. J Dent Imp 2013; 3:46-51.
  • Strietzel FP, Reichart PA, Kale A, Milind K, Wegner B,Küchler I. Smoking interferes with the prognosis of dental implant treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2007; 34: 523-44.
  • Giorgetti APO, César Neto JB, Casatı MZ, Sallum EA, Nocıtı Jşnıor FH. Cigarette Smoke Inhalation Influences Bone Healing of Post-Extraction Tooth Socket: A Histometric Study in Rats. Braz Dent J 2012; 23:228-34.
  • Pinto JR, Bosco AF, Okamoto T, Guerra JB, Piza IG. Effects of nicotine on the healing of extraction sockets in rats. A histological study. Braz Dent J 2002; 13:3-9.
  • Sweet JB, Butler DP. The relationship of smoking to localized osteitis. J Oral Surg 1979; 37:732-5.
  • Meechan JG, Macgregor ID, Rogers SN, Hobson RS, Bate JP, Dennison M. The effect of smoking on immediate post extraction socket filling with blood and on the incidence of painful socket. BJOMS 1988; 26.
  • Larsen PE. Alveolar osteitis after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars: Identification of the patient at risk. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992;73:393-7.
  • Cheung LK Ma L, Zheng LW. Inhibitory effect of nicotine on bone regeneration in mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Front Biosci 2007; 12:3256-62.
  • Ueng SW, Lin SS, Wang CR, Liu SJ, Tai CL, Shih CH. Bone healing of tibial lengthening is delayed by cigarette smoking: Study of bone mineral density and torsional strength on rabbits. J Trauma. 1999; 46:110-5.
  • Levin L, Schwartz-Arad D. The effect of cigarette smoking on dental implants and related surgery. Implant Dent 2005; 14:357-61.
  • Lin TH, Chen L, Cha J, Jeffcoat M, Kao DW, Nevins M, Fiorellini JP. The effect of cigarette smoking and native bone height on dental implants placed immediately in sinuses grafted by hydraulic condensation. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2012; Jun 32:255-61.
  • Sezgin Y, Taner İL. Sigara kullanımının periodontal tedavi sonuçlarına etkisi ve sigara içenlerde uygulanabilecek klinik prosedürler. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg 2012; 22 :197-204.
  • Sloan A, Hussain I, Maqsood M, Eremin O, El- Sheemy M. The effects of smoking on fracture healing. Surgeon 2010; 8:111-6.
  • Benson PD, Marshall MK, Engelstad ME, Kushner GM, Alpert B. The use of immediate bone grafting in reconstruction of clinically infected mandibular fractures: Bone grafts in the presence of pus. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64:122-6.
  • Serena-Gómez E, Passeri LA. Complications of mandible fractures related to substance abuse. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 66:2028-34.
  • Bui P, Demian N, Beetar P. Infection rate in mandibular angle fractures treated with a 2.0-mm 8-hole curved strut plate. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009; 67:804-8.
  • Zheng LW, Ma L, Cheung LK. Changes in blood perfusion and bone healing induced by nicotine during distraction osteogenesis. Bone 2008; 43:355-61.
  • Arcavi L, Benovitz NL. Cigarette Smoking and Infection. Archives of Internal Medicine 2004; 164:2206-16.
  • Sherwin MA, Gastwirth CM. Detrimental effects of cigarette smoking on lower extremity wound healing. J Foot Surg 1990; 29:84-7.
  • Campanile G, Hautmann G, Lotti T. Cigarette smoking, wound healing, and face-lift. Clin Dermatol 1998; 16:575-8.
  • http://www.cancer.org/healthy/stayawayfromtobac co/guidetoquittingsmoking/guide-to-quitting- smoking-benefits (13.10.2013).
There are 76 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özge Kolkesen Şahin This is me

Müge Çına Aksoy This is me

Publication Date February 11, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 24 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kolkesen Şahin, Ö., & Çına Aksoy, M. (2015). ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3), 434-441. https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.83414
AMA Kolkesen Şahin Ö, Çına Aksoy M. ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. February 2015;24(3):434-441. doi:10.17567/dfd.83414
Chicago Kolkesen Şahin, Özge, and Müge Çına Aksoy. “ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 24, no. 3 (February 2015): 434-41. https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.83414.
EndNote Kolkesen Şahin Ö, Çına Aksoy M (February 1, 2015) ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 24 3 434–441.
IEEE Ö. Kolkesen Şahin and M. Çına Aksoy, “ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ”, Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 434–441, 2015, doi: 10.17567/dfd.83414.
ISNAD Kolkesen Şahin, Özge - Çına Aksoy, Müge. “ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 24/3 (February 2015), 434-441. https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.83414.
JAMA Kolkesen Şahin Ö, Çına Aksoy M. ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2015;24:434–441.
MLA Kolkesen Şahin, Özge and Müge Çına Aksoy. “ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 24, no. 3, 2015, pp. 434-41, doi:10.17567/dfd.83414.
Vancouver Kolkesen Şahin Ö, Çına Aksoy M. ORAL CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER SONRASI YARA İYİLEŞMESİNE SİGARANIN ETKİLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2015;24(3):434-41.
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