DENTAL EROSION IN CHILDIREN AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES

Year 2015, Supplement 10, 81 - 90, 21.05.2015

Zuhal Kırzıoğlu Ceylan Yetiş

https://doi.org/10.17567/dfd.39974

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Dental erosion is irreversible and progressive destruction of dental hard tissues without bacterial relationship. Internal and external acid sources that causes the formation of acidic pH in the oral environment, plays a role in the formation of dental erosion. While dietary acidic drinks and foods and drugs used are creating external acid sources, gastrooesophageal reflux and vomiting causes of internal acid source reach the oral cavity. In addition , bavarage intake with baby bottle, drinking can of carbonated beverages by foaming at the mouth and following acidic food consumption brushing teeth with an abrasive featured toothpaste and excessive force, increase the risk of dental erosion formation. The most common erosion areas are occlusal surface of the molars and palatal and incisal surfaces of the incisors. Dentin involvement of erosion in primary teeth is faster than permanent teeth, due to morphological differences and thinner enamel structure. In the prevention of dental erosion, firstly, patients and parents should be informed about food and beverages which has high erosive potential. Consumption of acidic foods and beverages should be limited and only at meal time. Patients who has dental erosion risk, should be recommended use of low abrazive toothpaste with high fluoride content and a soft-bristled toothbrush. In primary dentition, restorative treatment of erosion lesions is not indicated if the child does not have any symptoms. In the case of tooth sensitivity, small areas of erosion observed can be covered with resin materials. Depending on the etiologic factors, severity and progressive pattern of disease, all patients with dental erosion should be checked regularly

Keywords

Dental erosion, Acidic baverages, Remineralization

ÇOCUKLARDA DENTAL EROZYON VE KORUYUCU UYGULAMALAR

Abstract

Dental erozyon, bakteriyel bir ilişki olmaksızın, asitler tarafından gerçekleştirilen kimyasal olaylar nedeniyle ortaya çıkan, diş sert dokularının geri dönüşümsüz ve ilerleyici yıkımıdır. Ağız ortamında asidik pH’ın oluşmasına neden olan içsel ve dışsal asit kaynakları dental erozyon oluşumunda rol oynar. Diyetle alınan asidik yapıdaki içecekler, yiyecekler ve kullanılan ilaçlar dışsal asit kaynaklarını oluştururken, gastro-özofageal reflü ve kusma içsel asit kaynak- larının ağız boşluğuna ulaşmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca içeceklerin biberon kullanılarak tüketilmesi, karbonatlı içeceklerin teneke kutulardan ve ağızda köpürtülerek içilmesi ve asitli gıda tüketimini takiben dişlerin abraziv özellikli diş macunlarıyla aşırı kuvvet uygulanarak fırçalanması gibi davranışlar da dental erozyon riskini arttırmaktadır. Süt dişlerinde erozyonun en yaygın olduğu alanlar, molarların okluzal yüzleri, üst kesicilerin palatinal ve insizal yüzeyleridir. Dental erozyon sonucu olarak dentin tutulumu, süt dişlerinde daimi dişlere göre daha ince olan mine yapısı ve morfolojik farklılıklar nedeniyle daha hızlı olmaktadır. Dental erozyondan korunmada, hastalar ve ebeveynler öncelikle, eroziv potansiyeli yüksek olan yiyecek ve içecek maddeleri hakkında bilgilendirilmelidir. Asidik yiyecek ve içeceklerin tüketimi azatılmalı ve sadece yemek saatleri  ile sınırlandırılmalıdır. Dental erozyon riski olan hastalara yumuşak kıllı diş fırçaları, düşük abraziviteye ve yüksek florür oranına sahip diş macunlarının kullanımı önerilmelidir. Erozyonun tedavisinde, süt dişlenme döneminde, eğer çocuk herhangi bir semptoma sahip değilse restoratif tedavi endike değildir. Dişlerde hassasiyet söz konusu ise, erozyon görülen küçük alanlar rezin materyaller ile örtülebilir. Dental erozyona sahip tüm hastalar, etyolojik faktörleri, hastalığın şiddeti ve ilerleme paternine bağlı olarak düzenli aralıklarla kontrol edilmelidir.

Keywords

Dental erozyon, Asitli içecekler, Remineralizasyon

References

• Pindborg JJ. Pathology of dental hard tissues. Copenhagen:Munksgaard, 1970.
• Millward A, Shaw L, Smith A. Dental erosion in four-year-old children from differing socioeconomic backgrounds. J Dent Child 1994a;61:263-6.
• Fung A, Messer LB. Tooth wear and associated risk factors in a sample of Australian primary school children. Aust Dent J 2013;58: 235–45.
• O’Brien M. Children’s Dental Health in the United Kingdom 1993. Office of Population Censuses and Surveys 1994. HMSO London.
• Walker A, Gregory JR, Bradnock G, Nunn J, White D. National Diet and Nutritional Survey: young people aged 4 to 18 years. London: HMSO, 2000.
• Ganss C, Klimek J, Giese K. Dental erosion in children and adolescents – a cross-sectional and longitudinal investigation using study models. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2001;29:264–71.
• Zhang S, Chau AMH, Lo ECM,Chu CH.Dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children. BMC Public Health 2014,14:7.
• Al-Majed I, Maguire A, Murray JJ. Risk factors for dental erosion in 5–6 year old and 12–14 year old boys in Saudi Arabia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2002;30:38–46.
• Çoğulu D, Menderes M, Ersin N. Çocuklarda Dental Erozyon. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci 2009;15:87- 92.
• Yılmaz B. İstanbul’da yaşayan ilköğretim okulu öğrencilerinde dental erozyonun yaygınlığının, şiddetinin incelenmesi. Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Öcal D. 11-15 yaş aralığındaki çocuklarda dental erozyon prevalansının ve etiyolojik faktörlerin belirlenmesi. 2014 Ankara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Ren YF. Dental erosion: Etiology, diagnosis and prevention. A peer-reviewed publication, April 2011.
• Zero DT. Etiology of dental erosion: extrinsic factors. Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104:162–77.
• Lussi A, Jaeggi T, Zero D. The role of diet in the aetiology of dental erosion. Caries Res 2004;38:34–44.
• Al-Malik MI, Holt RD, Bedi R. The relationship between erosion, caries and rampant caries and dietary habits in preschool children in Saudi Arabia. Int J Pediatr Dent 2001;11:430–9.
• Harding MA, Whelton H, O’Mullane DM, Cronin M. Dental erosion in 5-year-old Irish school children and associated factors: a pilot study. Community Dent Health 2003;20:165–70.
• Luo A, Zeng XJ, Du MQ, Bedi R. The prevalence of dental erosion in preschool children in China. J Dent 2005;33:115–21.
• Lussi A, Jaeggi T. Dental erosion in children. Monogr Oral Sci 2006;20:140–51.
• Zhang S, Chau AM, Lo EC, Chu CH. Dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children. BMC Public Health. 2014;8:1-7.
• Rugg-Gunn AJ, Lennon MA, and Brown JG Sugar consumption in the United Kingdom. Br Dent J 1987;167:339-64.
• Jain P, Nihill P, Sobkowski J, Agustin MZ. Commercial soft drinks:pH and in vitro dissolution of enamel. Gen Dent 2007;55:150-4.
• Milosevic A, Bardsley PF, Taylor S. Epidemiological studies of tooth wear and dental erosion in 14- year-old children in North West England. Part 2: The association of diet and habits. Br Dent J 2004; 197:479-83.
• Järvinen VK, Rytömaa II, Heinonen OP.Risk factors in dental erosion. J Dent Res 1991;70:942-7.
• Hellwig E, Lussi A. Oral hygiene products and acidic medicines. Monogr Oral Sci 2006;20:112–8.
• Taji S, Seow WK. A literature review of dental erosion in children. Aust Dent J 2010;55:358–67.
• Sullivan RE, Kramer WS. Iatrogenic erosion of teeth. ASDC J Dent Child 1983;56:192–6.
• Nunn JH, Ng SK, Sharkey I, Coulthard M. The dental implications of chronic use of acidic medicines in medically compromised children. Pharm World Sci 2001;23:118–9.
• O’Sullivan EA ve Curzon MEJ. Drug treatments for asthma may cause erosive tooth damage (letter). Br Med J 1998b;317:820.
• Dugmore CR, Rock WP. Asthma and tooth erosion: is there an association? Int J Paediatr Dent 2003;13:417–24.
• Xavier AFC, Moura EFF, Azevedo WF, Vieira FF, Abreu MHNG, Cavalcanti AL. Erosive and cariogenicity potential of pediatric drugs: study of physicochemical parameters. BMC Oral Health 2013,13:71.
• Scatena C, Galafassi D, Gomes-Silva JM, Borsatto MC, Serra MC. In Vitro Erosive Effect of Pediatric Medicines on Deciduous Tooth Enamel. Brazilian Dent J 2014;25:22-7.
• Dugmore CR, Rock WP. The prevalence of tooth erosion in 12-year-old children. Br Dent J 2004;196:279–82.
• Kilpatrick N, Awang H, Wilcken B, Christodoulou J. The implications of Phenylketonuria on oral health. Ped Dent 1999;27:433-7.
• Smith AJ and Shaw L. Baby fruit juice and tooth erosion. Br Dent J 1987;162:65-7.
• O’sullivan E, Milosevic A. Diagnosis, Prevention and Management Of Dental Erosıon. Clinical Guıdelıne On Dental Erosion. Final Version.
• Maupome G, Diez-de-Bonilla J, Torres-Villasenor G, Andrade-Delgado LC, Castano VM. In vitro quantitative assessment of enamel microhardness after exposure to eroding immersion in a cola drink. Caries Res. 1998;32:148-53.
• Centerwall BS, Armstrong CW, Funkhouser GS, Elzay RP. Erosion of dental enamel among competitive swimmers at a gas-chlorinated swimming 1986;123:641–7. J Epidemiol
• Bartlett D. Intrinsic causes of erosion. Monogr Oral Sci 2006;20:119–39.
• Rytomaa I, Meurman JH, Franssila S, and Torkko H. Oral hygiene products may cause dental erosion. Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society 1989;85:161-6.
• Davies AE, Sandhu BK. Diagnosis and treatment of gastrooesophageal reflux. Arch 1995;73:82–86. Dis Child
• O’Sullivan EA, Curzon MEJ, Roberts GJ, Milla PJ and Stringer MD. Gastro oesophageal reflux in children and its relationship to erosion of primary and permanent teeth. Eur J of Oral Sci 1998; 106: 765-9.
• Reyes AL, Cash AJ, Green SH and Booth IW. Gastro-oesophageal reflux in children with cerebral palsy. Child: care, health and development 1993;19:109-18.
• Tolia V, Vandenplas Y. Systematic review: the extra-oesophageal oesophageal reflux disease in children. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009;29:258–72. of gastro
• Ganss C, Lussi A. Diagnosis of erosive tooth wear. Monogr Oral Sci 2006;20:32–43.
• Rees JS and Griffiths J. An in vitro assessment of the erosive potential of conventional and white ciders. Eur J Prost Rest Dent 2002;10:167-71.
• Harley K. Tooth wear in the child and the youth. Br Dent J 1999;186:492–6.
• Sonju Clasen AB, Hanning M, Skjorland K, Sonju T. Analytical and ultrastructural studies of pellicle on primary teeth. Acta Odontol Scand 1997;55:339– 43.
• Lussi A. Dental erosion. Clinical diagnosis and case history taking. Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104:191–8.
• Kazoullis S, Seow WK, Holcombe T, Newman B, Ford D. Common dental conditions associated with dental erosion in schoolchildren in Australia. Pediatr Dent 2007;29:33–9.
• Al-Malik MI, Holt RD, Bedi R. Erosion, caries and rampant caries in preschool children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2002;30:16–23.
• Ersin NK, Öncağ Ö, Tümgör G. Oral and dental manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: a preliminary study. Pediatr Dent 2006;28:279–84.
• Linnett V, Seow WK, Connor F, Shepherd R. Oral health of children with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a controlled study. Aust Dent J 2002;47:156–62.
• Auad SM, Waterhouse PJ, Nunn JH, Moynihan PJ. Dental sociodemographics, schoolchildren from southeast Brazil. Pediatr Dent 2009;31:229–35. its erosion, and in diet
• Young WG, Khan F. Sites of dental erosion are saliva-dependent. J Oral Rehabil 2002;29:35–43.
• Lussi A, Jaeggi T. Erosion–diagnosis and risk factors. Clin Oral Investig 2008;12:5–13.
• Young WG. Tooth wear: diet analysis and advice. Int Dent J 2005;55:68–72.
• Magalhães AC, Wiegand A, Rios D, Honório HM, Buzalaf MA. Insights into preventive measures for dental erosion. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009;17:75-86.
• O’Sullivan EA and Curzon MEJ. A comparison of acidic dietary factors in children with and without dental erosion. J Dent Child 2000;186-92.
• Edwards M, Ashwood RA, Littlewood SJ, Brocklebank LM and Fung DE. A videofluoroscopic comparison of straw and cup drinking; the potential influence on dental erosion. Brit Dent J 1998;185:244-9.
• Ren Y-F, Fadel N, Liu X, Malmstrom H. Prevention of dental erosion by 5000 ppm fluoride treatment in situ. J Dent Res. 2010;89 (Special Issue B):#2596.
• Yamashita JM, Torres NM, Moura-Grec PG, Marsicano JA, Sales-Peres A, Sales-Peres SHC. Role of arginine and fluoride in the prevention of eroded enamel: an in vitro model. Aust Dent J 2013;58:478–82.
• Rios D, Honório HM, Magalhães AC, Delbem ACB, Machado MAAM, Silva SMB, et al. Effect of salivary stimulation on erosion of human and bovine enamel subjected or not to subsequent abrasion: an in situ/ ex vivo study. Caries Res 2006;40:218- 23.
• Reynolds EC. Anticariogenic complexes of amorphous calcium phosphate stabilized by casein phosphopeptides: a review, Special Care Dentistry 1998;18:8-16.
• Magalhaes AC, Moraes SM, Rios D, Buzalaf MAR. Effect of ion supplementation of a commercial soft drink on tooth enamel erosion. Food Additives & Contaminants 2009b; Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment. 26:152-6.
• Larsen MJ, Jensen AF, Madsen DM, Pearce EIF. Individual variations of pH, buffer capacity, and concentrations of calcium and phosphate in unstimulated whole saliva. Arch Oral Biol 1999;44:111-7.
• Aliping-McKenzie M, Linden RWA and Nicholson JW. The effect of Coca-Cola and fruit juices on the surface hardness of glass ionomers and ‘compomers’. J. Oral Rehabil 2004;31:1046-52.