ÇOCUK HASTALARDA ODONTOMALARIN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: RETROSPEKTİF-KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 368 - 372, 16.07.2019

Derya Ceyhan Canan Akdik Zuhal Kırzıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.519110

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada;
odontoma tanısı almış hastaların klinik ve radyolojik özelliklerini, uygulanan
tedavileri, bu tedavilerin prognozunu sunmak ve klinisyenlere yol göstermek
amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem:
Kliniğimize
2003-2018 yılları arasında başvurup odontoma veya odontoma ile ilişkilendirilen
sürme problemleri, maloklüzyonlar, sürnümerer dişler gibi problemleri bulunan
1040 hastaya ait kayıtlar tarandı. Kayıtları tam, radyografileri standart olan
ve odontoma tanısı doğrulanan 36 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Hastaların
kayıtlarından; sosyo-demografik bilgileri, medikal durumları, diş hekimine
başvurma nedenleri, uygulanan tedaviler ve tedavilerin prognozu elde edilerek
hazırlanan formlara kaydedildi. Radyografilerden; odontomaların lokalizasyonu,
dişlenme üzerindeki etkileri, eşlik eden diğer dişsel anomaliler değerlendirilerek
formlara eklendi. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil
edilen 4-17 yaş aralığındaki 24’ü kadın, 12’si erkek olan 36 hastanın 33’ünün
sağlıklı olduğu, hastalardan 1’inin travma, 7’sinin diş sürmemesi, 28’inin diş
çürüğü şikayetiyle başvurduğu belirlendi. Diş sürme problemi saptanan 20
hastada ve çapraşıklık saptanan 6 hastada, odontoma şüphesi nedeniyle
radyografik değerlendirme yapıldığı ve odontoma tespit edildiği görüldü.
Hastaların 22’sinde görülen kompound odontomaların %48’inin üst çene kesici dişler
bölgesinde, 14’ünde görülen kompleks odontomaların %31’inin üst çene kesici
dişler ve %31’inin de alt çene azı dişler bölgesinde bulunduğu saptandı. En sık
ortaya çıkan klinik bulgunun daimi diş sürememesi, radyolojik bulgunun daimi
diş germ çeperinde genişleme olduğu görüldü. Odontomaya en sık eşlik eden
dişsel anomaliler dens invaginatus ve taurodontizmdi. Hastaların 22’sinde
cerrahi tedavi, 10’unda cerrahiyi takiben ortodontik tedavi, 3’ünde yalnızca
takip, 1’inde odontomanın daimi dişle birlikte alınmasını takiben protetik
tedavi uygulandığı anlaşıldı.

Sonuç: Odontomaların,
rutin klinik ve radyolojik incelemeler ile erken yaşlarda teşhis edilerek takip
edilmelerinin ve erken karma dişlenme döneminde müdahale edilmesinin uygun
olduğu, aksi durumlarda ortodontik veya protetik tedavi ihtiyacı duyulduğu
anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar
Kelimeler: Çocuk
diş hekimliği, odontojenik benign tümörler, odontoma

THE EVALUATION
OF ODONTOMAS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS:A RETROSPECTIVE-CROSS
SECTIONAL STUDY

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study aimed
to present clinical/radiological features, performed treatments, prognosis of
treatments of patients with odontoma and to guide clinicians.

Material and
Methods: Records
of 1040 patients who referred to our clinic between 2003-2018 and had odontoma
or problems related to odontoma such as eruption problems, malocclusions,
surnumerary teeth were reviewed. Thirty-six patients whose records were
complete, radiographs were standardized and odontoma diagnosis was confirmed
were included. Socio-demographic information, medical conditions, reasons for
referral to clinic, performed treatments, prognosis of treatments were recorded
to prepared forms. Localization of odontomas, effects on dentition, other
dental anomalies were examined on radiographs and added to forms. Data were
analyzed statistically.

Results: Of 36 patients
aged 4-17 years, 24 were females and 12 were males, and 33 were healthy.
Reasons for referral to clinic were trauma, eruption problem, and caries in 1,
7, and 28 patients, respectively.  Twenty
patients with eruption problem and 6 patients with crowded teeth had been
evaluated radiographically due to odontoma suspicion and odontoma had been diagnosed.
Forty-eight percent of compound odontomas seen in 22 patients were located in
maxillary incisor teeth region, and 31% of complex odontomas seen in 14
patients were located in maxillary incisor teeth region and 31% were located in
mandibular molar teeth region. Most common clinical finding was eruption
problem, radiological finding was enlargement of permanent tooth germ wall and
dental anomalies were dens invaginatus and taurodontism. Surgical treatment in
22 patients, surgical and orthodontic treatment in 10, only follow-up in 3,
surgical and prosthodontic treatment in 1 had been performed.

Conclusion: Odontomas should
be diagnosed and followed up with routine clinical/radiological examinations at
early ages and treated in early mixed dentition period, otherwise orthodontic/prosthodontic
treatments are needed.

Keywords:
Pediatric
dentistry, odontogenic benign tumors, odontoma

Keywords

Çocuk diş hekimliği, odontojenik benign tümörler

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