DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE GEN TEDAVİSİ (DERLEME)

Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 4, 691 - 700, 15.10.2019

Yelda Kasımoğlu Mine Koruyucu Figen Seymen

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.443195

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Biyoteknoloji
alanındaki gelişmeler, medikal araştırmalarda gen tedavisini ön plana çıkarmış
ve günümüz genetik prensiplerinin ağız diş sağlığını geliştirmek için
kullanılmasına yol açmıştır. Bu yeni teknolojilerinin diş hekimliği ile
buluşmasını; restoratif biyometaryallerin üretiminde kaydedilen bilimsel
aşamalar, doku mühendisliği, moleküler biyolojinin kullanımı ve insan genom
projesi sağlamıştır. Gen tedavisi, defektli genin özel bir yöntem kullanılarak tedavi
edici bir gen ile değiştirilmesi veya tamir edilmesidir. Birçok hastalığın
tedavisinde ve genetik bozuklukların düzeltilmesinde kullanılabilmektedir. Gen
tedavisinin diş hekimliğinde dentofasiyal uygulama alanları arasında kemik
rejenerasyonu, DNA bazlı immunizasyon (çürük ve periodontal hastalıklar), ağrı
tedavisi, otoimmun hastalıkların tedavisi ve kanser tedavisi yer almaktadır.
Genel olarak araştırmalarda yeni vektör sistemlerinin ve taşıma metotlarının
geliştirilmesi, bunların test edilmesi, vektör transdüksiyonunu içeren
mekanizmaların açıklığa kavuşturulması ve en iyi sonuç verebilecek
yaklaşımların klinik deneylerde kullanılmasına çalışılmaktadır. Geçtiğimiz 15
yılda gen ve ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler için çeşitli vektörler geliştirilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Gen tedavisi, diş hekimliği alanında bilimsel bazda önemli
etkiye sahiptir. Bu derlemede gen tedavisi metotları, ilgili vektörler, gen
tedavisinin diş hekimliğinde klinik etkisi ve konuya ilişkin bilimsel bilgilerin
güncellenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:
diş
hekimliği, genetik, gen tedavisi, genetik vektörler

 

GENE THERAPY IN DENTISTRY (REVIEW) 

ABSTRACT

Advances in
biotechnology have brought gene therapy to a very important and
active area of medical research and currently genetic principles are being applied along to improve oral
health. Scientific advances in restorative biomaterials, tissue
engineering, molecular biology and the human genome project provide the
basis for the introduction of new technologies into dentistry. Gene therapy is
a particular method by which missing or defective genes are replaced or
repaired by normal genes. It can be used to treat wide range of diseases and
correct genetics disorders. In dentistry the application of gene therapy to dentofacial
problems includes bone regeneration, DNA based immunization (for caries and
periodontal disease), pain, for treating auto immune disease and cancer. The
general approach is to develop new vector systems and delivery methods, test
them, uncover the mechanisms involved in vector transduction, and use the most
promising approaches in clinical trials. For the past 15 years various vectors
have been designed for improved gene and drug delivery. This field is having
significant impact on topics related to dental practice. The aim of this
review is to provide an update on gene therapy methods, its clinical
implication in dentistry and scientific information associated with gene
therapy.

Key Words: dentistry; genetics;
gene therapy; genetic vectors

Keywords

diş hekimliği, genetik, gen tedavisi

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