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LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 454 - 458, 14.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.804415

Abstract

Kök kanalı tedavisinde uzun vadeli başarı, kök kanal sisteminin en uygun şekilde dezenfeksiyonu, preparasyonu ve doldurulması ile mümkündür. Kanal tedavisinin sonlanacağı yeri belirlemek tedavinin en önemli basamaklarından biridir. Preparasyonun taşkın yapılması post-operatif ağrıyı artırabilirken, kısa kök kanal dolgusu yeterli dezenfeksiyonun yapılamamasına sebep olabilir. Bu aşamada, elektronik apeks bulucular (EAB) yüksek bir doğruluk seviyesinde apikal daralımın yerinin tespit edilmesine yardımcı olmaktadırlar. Çalışma prensibi genel olarak dokular arasındaki empedans farkının tespitine dayanmaktadır. Elektronik apeks bulucu cihazların, hastada kullanılmadan önce doğruluğunun araştırılması başarılı tedaviler açısından önemlidir. Aynı zamanda, apeks bulucuların ölçme başarısını etkileyebilecek kanal içi solüsyonların, ilaçların, enstrümanların in vitro çalışmalarla değerlendirilmesi önemlidir. Piyasada bulunan apeks bulucuların ölçüm doğruluklarını değerlendiren birçok in vitro çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu in vitro çalışmalar gerçekleştirilirken periapikal dokuları taklit edecek elektro-iletken test ortamları gereklidir. Kullanılan test ortamları jelatin, aljinat, agar agar, salin solüsyonu, çiçek süngeridir. Bu derlemenin amacı, literatürdeki in vitro çalışmalarda kullanılan test ortamları hakkında bilgi vermektir.
Anahtar kelimeler: endodonti, kök kanal tedavisi, diş apeksi.
MEDIA VARIETIES USED IN IN VITRO ELECTRONIC APEX LOCATORS STUDIES IN LITERATURE: A REVİEW
SUMMARY
Long-term success in root canal treatment is possible with appropriate disinfection, preparation and filling of the root canal system. Determining the ending point of root canal therapy is one of the most important steps of the treatment. While over-preparation can increase the post-operative pain, short root canal filling may cause inadequate disinfection. At this point, electronic apex locators (EAL) help to locate the apical constriction with high accuracy level. The principle of operation is generally based on the detecting the impedance difference between tissues. It is important to investigate the accuracy of electronic apex locators before using them in patients with regard to successful treatments. To evaluate the intra-canal solutions, medicaments, instruments, which may affect the measuring success of apex locators, is important by means of in vitro studies. Many in vitro studies have been done to evaluate the accuracy of apex locators on the market. Electroconductive test environments that mimic periapical tissues are required when performing these in vitro studies. The test media used are gelatin, alginate, agar agar, saline solution, flower sponge. The purpose of this review is to provide information about in vitro test environments used in the literature.
Keywords: endodontics, root canal therapy, tooth apex.

References

  • 1. Ricucci D. Apical limit of root canal instrumentation and obturation, part 1. Literature review. Int Endod J 1998;31:384-93.
  • 2. Estrela C, Holland R, Estrela CR, Alencar AH, Sousa-Neto MD, Pecora JD. Characterization of successful root canal treatment. Braz Dent J 2014;25:3-11.
  • 3. Ali R, Okechukwu NC, Brunton P, Nattress B. An overview of electronic apex locators: Part 1. Br Dent J 2013;214:155-8.
  • 4. Czerw RJ, Fulkerson MS, Donnelly JC. An in vitro test of a simplified model to demonstrate the operation of electronic root canal measuring devices. J Endod 1994;20:605-6.
  • 5. Custer LE. Exact methods of locating the apical foramen. J Nat Dent Ass 1918;5:815–9.
  • 6. Sunada I. New method for measuring the length of the root canal. J Dent Res 1962;41:375– 87.
  • 7. Baldi JV, Victorino FR, Bernardes RA, de Moraes IG, Bramante CM, Garcia RB, Bernardinelli N. Influence of embedding media on the assessment of electronic apex locators. J Endod 2007;33:476-9.
  • 8. Ibarrola JL, Chapman BL, Howard JH, Knowles KI, Ludlow MO. Effect of preflaring on Root ZX apex locators. J Endod 1999;25:625-6.
  • 9. Ozsezer E, Inan U, Aydin U. In vivo evaluation of ProPex electronic apex locator. J Endod 2007; 33: 974-7.
  • 10. Ustun Y, Uzun O, Er O, Canakci BC, Topuz O. The effect of residual calcium hydroxide on the accuracy of a contemporary electronic apex locator. Acta Odontol Scand 2015;73:132-6.
  • 11. Stober EK, de Ribot J, Mercade M, Vera J, Bueno R, Roig M, Duran-Sindreu F. Evaluation of the Raypex 5 and the Mini Apex Locator: an in vivo study. J Endod 2011;37:1349-52.
  • 12. Serna-Pena G, Gomes-Azevedo S, Flores-Trevino J, Madla-Cruz E, Rodriguez-Delgado I, Martinez-Gonzalez G. In Vivo Evaluation of 3 Electronic Apex Locators: Root ZX Mini, Apex ID, and Propex Pixi. J Endod 2020;46:158-61.
  • 13. Shabahang S, Goon WW, Gluskin AH. An in vivo evaluation of Root ZX electronic apex locator. J Endod 1996;22:616-8.
  • 14. Meares WA, Steiman HR. The influence of sodium hypochlorite irrigation on the accuracy of the Root ZX electronic apex locator. J Endod 2002;28:595-8.
  • 15. Abdelsalam N, Hashem N. Impact of Apical Patency on Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators: In Vitro Study. J Endod 2020;46:509-14.
  • 16. Jadhav GR, Mittal P, Patil V, Kandekar P, Kulkarni A, Shinde S, Syed S, Elahi S. Accuracy of Different Apex Locators in Teeth with Simulated Apical Root Resorption: an In Vitro Study. Folia Med 2018;60:624-31.
  • 17. Abdelsalam N, Hashem N. Impact of Apical Patency on Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators: In Vitro Study. J Endod 2020;46:509-14.
  • 18. Cruz ATG, Wichnieski C, Carneiro E, da Silva Neto UX, Gambarini G, Piasecki L. Accuracy of 2 Endodontic Rotary Motors with Integrated Apex Locator. J Endod 2017;43:1716-9.
  • 19. Johnston-Banks, F. A. Gelatin. In P. Harris (Ed.), Food gels. 1th. Crown House:1990.p.233-89.
  • 20. Schrieber R, Gareis H. Gelatin handbook. Theory and industrial practice. 1th. Betz-druck GmbH: 2007.p.45-6
  • 21. Nahmias Y, Aurelio JA, Gerstein H. An in vitro model for evaluation of electronic root canal length measuring devices. J Endod 1987;13:209-14.
  • 22. Donnelly JC. A simplified model to demonstrate the operation of electronic root canal measuring devices. J Endod 1993;19:579-80.
  • 23. Guise GM, Goodell GG, Imamura GM. In vitro comparison of three electronic apex locators. J Endod 2010;36:279-81.
  • 24. Mull JP, Manjunath V, Manjunath M. Comparison of accuracy of two electronic apex locators in the presence of various irrigants: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2012;15:178-82.
  • 25. Ching SH, Bansal N, Bhandari B. Alginate gel particles–A review of production techniques and physical properties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017;57:1133-52.
  • 26. Souza JM, Caldas AL, Tohidi SD, Molina J, Souto AP, Fangueiro R, Zille A. Properties and controlled release of chitosan microencapsulated limo- nene oil. Rev Bras Farmacogn 2014;24. p.691-8.
  • 27. Tian AL, Li XC, Lu YT, Ye JJ, Liu Y, He L. The effect of curvatures on the accuracy of the electronic apex locator. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2014;23:685-8.
  • 28. Puri N, Chadha R, Kumar P, Puri K. An in vitro comparison of root canal length determination by DentaPort ZX and iPex apex locators. J Conserv Dent 2013;16:555-8.
  • 29. Nazarimoghadam K, Labaf H. Evaluation of Two New Electronic Apex-Locator-Controlled Handpieces Using a NiTi Rotary File: An In Vitro Study. J Dent 2013;10:501-5.
  • 30. Lipski M, Trąbska-Świstelnicka M, Woźniak K, Dembowska E, Droździk A. Evaluation of alginate as a substitute for root-surrounding tissues in electronic root canal measurements. Aust Endod J 2013;39:155-8.
  • 31. Gehlot PM, Manjunath V, Manjunath MK. An in vitro evaluation of the accuracy of four electronic apex locators using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium hand files. Restor Dent Endod 2016;41:6-11.
  • 32. Khatri MP, Ghivari SB, Pujar M, Faras R, Gopeshetti P, Vanti A. Accuracy of two electronic apex locators in locating root perforations in curved canals in dry and wet conditions: A comparative in vitro study. J Dent Res 2019;16:407-12.
  • 33. Çiçek E, Bodrumlu E. Kök Kanalında Farklı İrrigasyon Solüsyonları Varlığında Yeni Nesil Apeks Bulucu Cihazların Değerlendirilmesi. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni 2013;21:37-42.
  • 34. Ushiyama J. New principle and method for measuring the root canal length. J Endod 1983;9:97-104.
  • 35. Zand V, Rahimi S, Davoudi P, Afshang A. Accuracy of Working Length Determination using NovApex and Root-ZX Apex Locators: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18:383-5.
  • 36. Nekoofar MH SK, Sadighi Akha E, Namazikhah MS. The accuracy of the Neosono Ultima EZ apex locator using files of different alloys: an in vitro study. J Calif Dent Assoc 2002;30:681-4.
  • 37. Bixler HJ, Porse H. (2011). A decade of change in the seaweed hydrocolloids industry. Journal of Applied Phycology 2011;23: 321-35.
  • 38. Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Croti HR, Silva GF, Faria G, Tanomaru-Filho M. Tooth embedding medium influences the accuracy of electronic apex locator. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2012;25:214-7.
  • 39. AK Ebrahim TY, C Kobayashi, H Suda. The effects of file size, sodium hypochlorite and blood on the accuracy of Root ZX apex locator in enlarged root canals: an in vitro study. Aust Dent J 2006;51:153-7.
  • 40. Briseno-Marroquin B, Frajlich S, Goldberg F, Willershausen B. Influence of instrument size on the accuracy of different apex locators: an in vitro study. J Endod 2008;34:698-702.
  • 41. De Moor RJ, Hommez GM, Martens LC, De Boever JG. Accuracy of four electronic apex locators: an in vitro evaluation. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999;15:77-82.
Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 454 - 458, 14.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.804415

Abstract

References

  • 1. Ricucci D. Apical limit of root canal instrumentation and obturation, part 1. Literature review. Int Endod J 1998;31:384-93.
  • 2. Estrela C, Holland R, Estrela CR, Alencar AH, Sousa-Neto MD, Pecora JD. Characterization of successful root canal treatment. Braz Dent J 2014;25:3-11.
  • 3. Ali R, Okechukwu NC, Brunton P, Nattress B. An overview of electronic apex locators: Part 1. Br Dent J 2013;214:155-8.
  • 4. Czerw RJ, Fulkerson MS, Donnelly JC. An in vitro test of a simplified model to demonstrate the operation of electronic root canal measuring devices. J Endod 1994;20:605-6.
  • 5. Custer LE. Exact methods of locating the apical foramen. J Nat Dent Ass 1918;5:815–9.
  • 6. Sunada I. New method for measuring the length of the root canal. J Dent Res 1962;41:375– 87.
  • 7. Baldi JV, Victorino FR, Bernardes RA, de Moraes IG, Bramante CM, Garcia RB, Bernardinelli N. Influence of embedding media on the assessment of electronic apex locators. J Endod 2007;33:476-9.
  • 8. Ibarrola JL, Chapman BL, Howard JH, Knowles KI, Ludlow MO. Effect of preflaring on Root ZX apex locators. J Endod 1999;25:625-6.
  • 9. Ozsezer E, Inan U, Aydin U. In vivo evaluation of ProPex electronic apex locator. J Endod 2007; 33: 974-7.
  • 10. Ustun Y, Uzun O, Er O, Canakci BC, Topuz O. The effect of residual calcium hydroxide on the accuracy of a contemporary electronic apex locator. Acta Odontol Scand 2015;73:132-6.
  • 11. Stober EK, de Ribot J, Mercade M, Vera J, Bueno R, Roig M, Duran-Sindreu F. Evaluation of the Raypex 5 and the Mini Apex Locator: an in vivo study. J Endod 2011;37:1349-52.
  • 12. Serna-Pena G, Gomes-Azevedo S, Flores-Trevino J, Madla-Cruz E, Rodriguez-Delgado I, Martinez-Gonzalez G. In Vivo Evaluation of 3 Electronic Apex Locators: Root ZX Mini, Apex ID, and Propex Pixi. J Endod 2020;46:158-61.
  • 13. Shabahang S, Goon WW, Gluskin AH. An in vivo evaluation of Root ZX electronic apex locator. J Endod 1996;22:616-8.
  • 14. Meares WA, Steiman HR. The influence of sodium hypochlorite irrigation on the accuracy of the Root ZX electronic apex locator. J Endod 2002;28:595-8.
  • 15. Abdelsalam N, Hashem N. Impact of Apical Patency on Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators: In Vitro Study. J Endod 2020;46:509-14.
  • 16. Jadhav GR, Mittal P, Patil V, Kandekar P, Kulkarni A, Shinde S, Syed S, Elahi S. Accuracy of Different Apex Locators in Teeth with Simulated Apical Root Resorption: an In Vitro Study. Folia Med 2018;60:624-31.
  • 17. Abdelsalam N, Hashem N. Impact of Apical Patency on Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators: In Vitro Study. J Endod 2020;46:509-14.
  • 18. Cruz ATG, Wichnieski C, Carneiro E, da Silva Neto UX, Gambarini G, Piasecki L. Accuracy of 2 Endodontic Rotary Motors with Integrated Apex Locator. J Endod 2017;43:1716-9.
  • 19. Johnston-Banks, F. A. Gelatin. In P. Harris (Ed.), Food gels. 1th. Crown House:1990.p.233-89.
  • 20. Schrieber R, Gareis H. Gelatin handbook. Theory and industrial practice. 1th. Betz-druck GmbH: 2007.p.45-6
  • 21. Nahmias Y, Aurelio JA, Gerstein H. An in vitro model for evaluation of electronic root canal length measuring devices. J Endod 1987;13:209-14.
  • 22. Donnelly JC. A simplified model to demonstrate the operation of electronic root canal measuring devices. J Endod 1993;19:579-80.
  • 23. Guise GM, Goodell GG, Imamura GM. In vitro comparison of three electronic apex locators. J Endod 2010;36:279-81.
  • 24. Mull JP, Manjunath V, Manjunath M. Comparison of accuracy of two electronic apex locators in the presence of various irrigants: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2012;15:178-82.
  • 25. Ching SH, Bansal N, Bhandari B. Alginate gel particles–A review of production techniques and physical properties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017;57:1133-52.
  • 26. Souza JM, Caldas AL, Tohidi SD, Molina J, Souto AP, Fangueiro R, Zille A. Properties and controlled release of chitosan microencapsulated limo- nene oil. Rev Bras Farmacogn 2014;24. p.691-8.
  • 27. Tian AL, Li XC, Lu YT, Ye JJ, Liu Y, He L. The effect of curvatures on the accuracy of the electronic apex locator. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2014;23:685-8.
  • 28. Puri N, Chadha R, Kumar P, Puri K. An in vitro comparison of root canal length determination by DentaPort ZX and iPex apex locators. J Conserv Dent 2013;16:555-8.
  • 29. Nazarimoghadam K, Labaf H. Evaluation of Two New Electronic Apex-Locator-Controlled Handpieces Using a NiTi Rotary File: An In Vitro Study. J Dent 2013;10:501-5.
  • 30. Lipski M, Trąbska-Świstelnicka M, Woźniak K, Dembowska E, Droździk A. Evaluation of alginate as a substitute for root-surrounding tissues in electronic root canal measurements. Aust Endod J 2013;39:155-8.
  • 31. Gehlot PM, Manjunath V, Manjunath MK. An in vitro evaluation of the accuracy of four electronic apex locators using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium hand files. Restor Dent Endod 2016;41:6-11.
  • 32. Khatri MP, Ghivari SB, Pujar M, Faras R, Gopeshetti P, Vanti A. Accuracy of two electronic apex locators in locating root perforations in curved canals in dry and wet conditions: A comparative in vitro study. J Dent Res 2019;16:407-12.
  • 33. Çiçek E, Bodrumlu E. Kök Kanalında Farklı İrrigasyon Solüsyonları Varlığında Yeni Nesil Apeks Bulucu Cihazların Değerlendirilmesi. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni 2013;21:37-42.
  • 34. Ushiyama J. New principle and method for measuring the root canal length. J Endod 1983;9:97-104.
  • 35. Zand V, Rahimi S, Davoudi P, Afshang A. Accuracy of Working Length Determination using NovApex and Root-ZX Apex Locators: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18:383-5.
  • 36. Nekoofar MH SK, Sadighi Akha E, Namazikhah MS. The accuracy of the Neosono Ultima EZ apex locator using files of different alloys: an in vitro study. J Calif Dent Assoc 2002;30:681-4.
  • 37. Bixler HJ, Porse H. (2011). A decade of change in the seaweed hydrocolloids industry. Journal of Applied Phycology 2011;23: 321-35.
  • 38. Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Croti HR, Silva GF, Faria G, Tanomaru-Filho M. Tooth embedding medium influences the accuracy of electronic apex locator. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2012;25:214-7.
  • 39. AK Ebrahim TY, C Kobayashi, H Suda. The effects of file size, sodium hypochlorite and blood on the accuracy of Root ZX apex locator in enlarged root canals: an in vitro study. Aust Dent J 2006;51:153-7.
  • 40. Briseno-Marroquin B, Frajlich S, Goldberg F, Willershausen B. Influence of instrument size on the accuracy of different apex locators: an in vitro study. J Endod 2008;34:698-702.
  • 41. De Moor RJ, Hommez GM, Martens LC, De Boever JG. Accuracy of four electronic apex locators: an in vitro evaluation. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999;15:77-82.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Derleme
Authors

Hamza Cudal This is me 0000-0002-1195-7196

Tuğrul Aslan This is me 0000-0002-5055-1551

Yakup Üstün This is me 0000-0002-9290-5661

Publication Date July 14, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 31 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Cudal, H., Aslan, T., & Üstün, Y. (2021). LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(3), 454-458. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.804415
AMA Cudal H, Aslan T, Üstün Y. LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. July 2021;31(3):454-458. doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.804415
Chicago Cudal, Hamza, Tuğrul Aslan, and Yakup Üstün. “LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 31, no. 3 (July 2021): 454-58. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.804415.
EndNote Cudal H, Aslan T, Üstün Y (July 1, 2021) LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 31 3 454–458.
IEEE H. Cudal, T. Aslan, and Y. Üstün, “LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME”, Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 454–458, 2021, doi: 10.17567/ataunidfd.804415.
ISNAD Cudal, Hamza et al. “LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 31/3 (July 2021), 454-458. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.804415.
JAMA Cudal H, Aslan T, Üstün Y. LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2021;31:454–458.
MLA Cudal, Hamza et al. “LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 3, 2021, pp. 454-8, doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.804415.
Vancouver Cudal H, Aslan T, Üstün Y. LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2021;31(3):454-8.

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