TÜRKİYE’DEKİ TEZLERDE DOĞUM AĞRISININ YÖNETİMİNDE KULLANILAN NONFARMAKOLOJİK YÖNTEMLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2020, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 45 - 52, 19.03.2020

Yeliz Varışoğlu , Güzin Ünlü

https://doi.org/10.17049/ataunihem.503312

Abstract

ÖZ

Amaç: Türkiye’de yapılan tezlerde, doğum ağrısının yönetiminde uygulanan nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Türkiye Ulusal Tez Arama Merkezi veri tabanından “doğum ağrısı”, “doğum ağrısının yönetimi”, non-farmokolojik yöntem” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak incelemeye alınan tezlerden (n=69) araştırma dahil edilme kriterlerine uygun ve tam metnine ulaşılan 18 tez çalışması değerlendirmeye alınmıştır.

Bulgular: Tezlerin %11,1’i (n=2) Ebelik, %88,9’unu (n=16) Hemşirelik anabilim dalında ve 2001-2018 yılları arasında incelenen çalışmalarda son yıllarda artış olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı (%72.2) doktora teziydi. Akupressür, perineye sıcak uygulama ve doğuma hazırlık eğitimi en yaygın kullanılan nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerdendi. Bu çalışmada, nonfarmakoloik uygulamaların %50’sinin eylem süresini kısalttığı ve %33,3’ünde ise doğumda anne memnuniyetinin arttığı saptandı. Ayrıca perineye sıcak uygulamanın perineyi 3. ve 4. derece travmalara karşı koruyucu olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ağrıyı kontrol etme yöntemi olarak kullanılan odaklanma bir tezde çalışılmış olup ülkemizde ve dünyada yeni uygulanan ilk yöntem olması açısından önemlidir.

Sonuç: Doğum ağrısının yönetiminde en etkili uygulamanın çömelme, sıcak uygulama, masaj, Elektriksel Sinir Stimülasyonu gibi Kapı Kontrol Teorisine dayanan yöntemler olduğu belirlendi. Merkezi Sinir Sistemi Kontrol teorisine  dayanan hipnobirting ve lamaze felsefesine göre hazırlanan doğuma hazırlık eğitimlerinin anne memnuniyeti ve doğum sonu emzirme başarısına etki ettiği belirlendi.

Keywords

ağrı yönetimi, doğum ağrısı, tamamlayıcı tedaviler

Investigation about the Theses That Committed in Turkey or the Non-Pharmacological Methods That Applied in the Labor Pain Management

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Aim: The purpose is examination of the nonpharmacological methods applied in the management of labor pain theses in Turkey.

Methods: Turkey National Thesis Search Center from the database "birth pains", "management of labor pain," nan-pharmacological methods "of the thesis were reviewed using the keywords (n = 69) in accordance with the criteria for inclusion of research and reached to the full text has been 18 thesis evaluation.

Results: 11,1% (n = 2) of the theses, midwifery, 88,9% (n = 16) in the nursing department and between the years 2001-2018 studies examined in the last years were determined. Most of the studies (72.2%) were doctoral thesis. Acupressure, hot application to the perineum, and birth preparation training were among the most widely used nanomatological methods. It has also been reported that the hot application to the perineum protects the perineum against 3rd and 4th degree trauma. The focus used as a method of controlling pain has been studied in a thesis and it is important for being the first applied method in our country and in the world.

Conclusion: It was determined that the most effective application in the management of labor pain was methods based on the theory of gate control such as squatting, hot application, massage, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. According to the philosophy of hypnobirting and lamaze, which is based on the theory of Central Nervous System, it was determined that the prenatal training had an effect on maternal satisfaction and postpartum breastfeeding success.

Keywords

pain management, labor pain, complementary therapies

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