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ASSESSMENT OF EXPERIENCED FEAR OF BIRTH AND PARENTING BEHAVIOR IN EARLY POSTPARTUM PERIOD

Year 2021, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 413 - 419, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17049/ataunihem.916639

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate of relationship between fear levels of birth and parenting behaviors of mothers in early postpartum periods and to determine some demographic factors that affected this.

Method: This study is a cross-sectional study carried out between January and April 2018 in Sakarya. Inclusion criteria for study are women in the Postpartum Service who had vaginal delivery and in postpartum first 4 hours. Student T test, One Way Anova and Pearson Correlation Analysis were performed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0,05.

Results: The age of the study group ranged from 18 to 42 years with an average of 27.25±5.19 years. The mean score for the Wijma Delivery Expectancy / Experience Questionnaire B version was 107.76±15.00 and the mean score for the Postpartum Parenting Behavior Scale was 4.26±1.05. There was no relationship between maternal birth experienceand early postpartum parenting behaviors (r=-0.072; p=0.108).

Conclusions: There was no relationship between maternal experiences of birth and early parenting behaviors. However, it was determined that mothers had a clinical level of fear at birth, whereas the mean level of early parenting behaviors was moderate.

References

  • 1. Wijma K, Wijma B, Zar M. Pyschometric aspects of the W-DEQ; A new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 1998;19:84-97.
  • 2. Melender HL. Experiences of fears associated with pregnancy and childbirth: a study of 329 Pregnant Women. Birth. 2002; 29 (2):101-11.
  • 3. Sayıner FD, Özerdoğan N. Doğal doğum. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi. 2009; 2(3):143-8.
  • 4. Serçekuş P. Doğum korkusuna müdahele: Hypnobirthing. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2011; 10(2): 239-42.
  • 5. Özkan H, Polat S. Annelik davranışını öğrenme süreci ve hemşirelik desteği. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2011;1(3):35-9.
  • 6. Taşkın L. Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği. 10. Baskı, Ankara: Sistem Ofset Matbaacılık. 2011.
  • 7. Çalışır H, Karacam Z, Akgül AF, Kurnaz DA. Doğum Sonrası Ebeveynlik Davranışı Ölceği’nin Türkce formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2009; 12(1): 1-8.
  • 8. Özkan H, Kanbur A, Apay S, Kılıç M, Ağapınar S, Özorhan EY. Annelerin doğum sonu dönemde ebeveynlik davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi. Şişli Etfal Tıp Bülteni. 2013; 47(3): 117-21.
  • 9. Uçar E. Wıjma Doğum Beklentisi /Deneyimi Ölçeği B Versiyonu'nun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yükseklisans Tezi. 2013.
  • 10. Britton HL, Gronwaldt V, Britton JR. Maternal postpartum behavior and mother-infant relationship during the first of life. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2001; 138, 905-9.
  • 11. Logtenberg SL, Verhoeven CJ, Rengerink KO, Sluijs AM, Freeman LM, Schellevis FG, Mol BW. Pharmacological pain relief and fear of childbirth in low risk women; secondary analysis of the RAVEL study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2018;18(1):347.
  • 12. Calderani E, Giardinelli L, Scannerini S, Arcabasso S, Compagno E, Petraglia F, Ricca V. Tocophobia in the DSM-5 era: Outcomes of a new cut-off analysis of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire based on clinical presentation. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2019; 116: 37-43.
  • 13. Saisto T, Salmela-Aro K, Nurmi JE, Halmesmäki E. Psychosocial characteristics of women and their partners fearing vaginal childbirth. BJOG: International Journal of Obstetric & Gynaecology. 2001;108: 492–8.
  • 14. Waldenström U, Hildingsson I, Ryding EL. Antenatal fear of childbirth and its association with subsequent caesarean section and experience of childbirth. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2006; 113(6): 638-46.
  • 15. Laursen M, Hedegaard M, Johansen C. Fear of childbirth: predictors and temporal changes among nulliparous women in the Danish National Birth Cohort. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2008; 115(3): 354–60.
  • 16. Çiçek Ö, Mete S. Sık Karşılaşılan Bir Sorun: Doğum Korkusu. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi. 2015; 8(4): 263-8.
  • 17. Jha P, Larsson M, Christensson K, Svanberg AS. Fear of childbirth and depressive symptoms among postnatal women: A cross-sectional survey from Chhattisgarh, India. Women and Birth. 2018; 31(2): e122-33.
  • 18. Toohill J, Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy DK. Prevalence of childbirth fear in an Australian sample of pregnant women. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2014;14(1):275.
  • 19. Soltani F, Eskandari Z, Khodakarami B, Parsa P, Roshanaei G. Factors contributing to fear of childbirth among pregnant women in Hamadan (Iran) in 2016. Electronic Physician Journal. 2017; 9(7):4725.
  • 20. Şen E, Şirin A. The Factors Affecting the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Perceived Support of the Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Preterm Labor. Gaziantep Medical Journal. 2013; 19(3):159-63.
  • 21. Gao LL, Liu XJ, Fu BL, Xie W. Predictors of childbirth fear among pregnant Chinese women: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Midwifery. 2015; 31(9): 865-70.
  • 22. Hildingsson I, Johansson M, Fenwick J, Haines H, Rubertsson C. Childbirth fear in expectant fathers: Findings from a regional Swedish cohort study. Midwifery. 2014; 30(2):242-7.
  • 23. Bergström M, Rudman A, Waldenström U, Kieler H. Fear of childbirth in expectant fathers, subsequent childbirth experience and impact of antenatal education: Sub analysis of results from a randomized controlled trial. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2013; 92(8):967-73.
  • 24. Phunyammalee M, Buayaem T, Boriboonhirunsarn D. Fear of childbirth and associated factors among low-risk pregnant women. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2019; 39(6):763-7.
  • 25. El-Aziz SNA, Mansour SES, Hassan NF. Factors associated with fear of childbirth: It’s effect on women’s preference for elective cesarean section. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. 2017;7(1):133-46.
  • 26. Fairbrother N, Thordarson DS, Stoll K. Fine tuning fear of childbirth: The relationship between Childbirth Fear Questionnaire subscales and demographic and reproductive variables. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2018;36(1):15-29.
  • 27. Demšar K, Svetina M, Verdenik I, Tul N, Blickstein I, Velikonja VG. Tokophobia (fear of childbirth): Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Perinatal Medicine. 2018;46(2):151-4.
  • 28. Striebich S, Mattern E, Ayerle GM. Support for pregnant women identified with fear of childbirth (FOC)/tokophobia–a systematic review of approaches and interventions. Midwifery. 2018; 61: 97-115.
  • 29. Handelzalts JE, Becker G, Ahren M P, Lurie S, Raz N, Tamir Z, Sadan O. Personality, fear of childbirth and birth outcomes in nulliparous women. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics. 2015;291(5):1055-62.
  • 30. Sluijs AM, Cleiren MPHD, Scherjon SA, Wijma K. No relationship between fear of childbirth and pregnancy-/deliveryoutcome in a low-risk Dutch pregnancy cohort delivering at home or in hospital. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2012;33(3):99–105.
  • 31. Alehagen S, Wijma K, Wijma B. Fear during labour. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2001;80(4):315-20.
  • 32. Hill PD, Aldag JC, Chatterton RT. İnitiation and frequency of pumping and milk production in mothers of non-nursing preterm infants. Journal of Human Lactation 2001;17(1):9-13.
  • 33. Tatarlar A, Tokat M. Vajinal doğum sırasında yaşanan korkunun laktasyona, emme davranışlarına ve ilk emzirme sonuçlarına etkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2016;15(2):83-91.
  • 34. Chapman DJ, Perez-Escamilla R. Maternal perception of the onset of lactation is a valid, public health indicator of lactogenesis stage II. The Journal of Nutrition. 2000; 130:2972–80.
  • 35. Koç Ö, Özkan H, Bekmezci H. Evaluating the correlation between maternal role and parenting behavior. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi. 2016;6(2):143-50.

ANNELERİN DOĞUM KORKUSU YAŞAMA DÜZEYLERİ İLE ERKEN POSTPARTUM DÖNEMDE EBEVEYNLİK DAVRANIŞLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2021, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 413 - 419, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17049/ataunihem.916639

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, doğum korkusu yaşama düzeyleri ile erken postpartum dönemde ebeveynlik davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek ve etkileyen bazı demografik faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.

Yöntem: Çalışma, Ocak- Nisan 2018 tarihleri arasında Sakarya ilinde kamu hastanelerinin Lohusa Servisinde yatmakta olan, vajinal doğum yapan ve doğumun 4. Evresindeki kadınlar üzerinde gerçekleştirilen kesitsel tipte bir araştırmadır. Veriler, bilgisayar ortamında değerlendirilmiş olup, analizler için student T testi, One Way Anova ve Pearson Korelasyon Analizi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık değeri olarak p<0.05 kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışma grubunu oluşturanların yaşları 18-42 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama 27.25±5.19 yıl idi. Wijma Doğum Beklentisi/Deneyimi Ölçeği B Versiyonu’ndan aldıkları puan ortalaması 107.76±15.00, Doğum Sonrası Ebeveynlik Davranışı Ölçeği’nden aldıkları puan ortalaması 4.26±1.05 olarak bulundu. Annelerin yaşadıkları doğum deneyimi ve erken postpartum dönemde ebeveynlik davranışları arasında ilişki saptanmadı (r=-0.072; p=0.108).


Sonuç:
Annelerin yaşadıkları doğum deneyimleri ile erken dönemde ebeveynlik davranışları arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanamadı. Ancak, annelerin doğumda klinik düzeyde korku yaşadıkları buna karşın erken dönemde ebeveynlik davranışı puan ortalamasının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlendi.

References

  • 1. Wijma K, Wijma B, Zar M. Pyschometric aspects of the W-DEQ; A new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 1998;19:84-97.
  • 2. Melender HL. Experiences of fears associated with pregnancy and childbirth: a study of 329 Pregnant Women. Birth. 2002; 29 (2):101-11.
  • 3. Sayıner FD, Özerdoğan N. Doğal doğum. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi. 2009; 2(3):143-8.
  • 4. Serçekuş P. Doğum korkusuna müdahele: Hypnobirthing. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2011; 10(2): 239-42.
  • 5. Özkan H, Polat S. Annelik davranışını öğrenme süreci ve hemşirelik desteği. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2011;1(3):35-9.
  • 6. Taşkın L. Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği. 10. Baskı, Ankara: Sistem Ofset Matbaacılık. 2011.
  • 7. Çalışır H, Karacam Z, Akgül AF, Kurnaz DA. Doğum Sonrası Ebeveynlik Davranışı Ölceği’nin Türkce formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2009; 12(1): 1-8.
  • 8. Özkan H, Kanbur A, Apay S, Kılıç M, Ağapınar S, Özorhan EY. Annelerin doğum sonu dönemde ebeveynlik davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi. Şişli Etfal Tıp Bülteni. 2013; 47(3): 117-21.
  • 9. Uçar E. Wıjma Doğum Beklentisi /Deneyimi Ölçeği B Versiyonu'nun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yükseklisans Tezi. 2013.
  • 10. Britton HL, Gronwaldt V, Britton JR. Maternal postpartum behavior and mother-infant relationship during the first of life. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2001; 138, 905-9.
  • 11. Logtenberg SL, Verhoeven CJ, Rengerink KO, Sluijs AM, Freeman LM, Schellevis FG, Mol BW. Pharmacological pain relief and fear of childbirth in low risk women; secondary analysis of the RAVEL study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2018;18(1):347.
  • 12. Calderani E, Giardinelli L, Scannerini S, Arcabasso S, Compagno E, Petraglia F, Ricca V. Tocophobia in the DSM-5 era: Outcomes of a new cut-off analysis of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire based on clinical presentation. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2019; 116: 37-43.
  • 13. Saisto T, Salmela-Aro K, Nurmi JE, Halmesmäki E. Psychosocial characteristics of women and their partners fearing vaginal childbirth. BJOG: International Journal of Obstetric & Gynaecology. 2001;108: 492–8.
  • 14. Waldenström U, Hildingsson I, Ryding EL. Antenatal fear of childbirth and its association with subsequent caesarean section and experience of childbirth. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2006; 113(6): 638-46.
  • 15. Laursen M, Hedegaard M, Johansen C. Fear of childbirth: predictors and temporal changes among nulliparous women in the Danish National Birth Cohort. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2008; 115(3): 354–60.
  • 16. Çiçek Ö, Mete S. Sık Karşılaşılan Bir Sorun: Doğum Korkusu. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi. 2015; 8(4): 263-8.
  • 17. Jha P, Larsson M, Christensson K, Svanberg AS. Fear of childbirth and depressive symptoms among postnatal women: A cross-sectional survey from Chhattisgarh, India. Women and Birth. 2018; 31(2): e122-33.
  • 18. Toohill J, Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy DK. Prevalence of childbirth fear in an Australian sample of pregnant women. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2014;14(1):275.
  • 19. Soltani F, Eskandari Z, Khodakarami B, Parsa P, Roshanaei G. Factors contributing to fear of childbirth among pregnant women in Hamadan (Iran) in 2016. Electronic Physician Journal. 2017; 9(7):4725.
  • 20. Şen E, Şirin A. The Factors Affecting the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Perceived Support of the Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Preterm Labor. Gaziantep Medical Journal. 2013; 19(3):159-63.
  • 21. Gao LL, Liu XJ, Fu BL, Xie W. Predictors of childbirth fear among pregnant Chinese women: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Midwifery. 2015; 31(9): 865-70.
  • 22. Hildingsson I, Johansson M, Fenwick J, Haines H, Rubertsson C. Childbirth fear in expectant fathers: Findings from a regional Swedish cohort study. Midwifery. 2014; 30(2):242-7.
  • 23. Bergström M, Rudman A, Waldenström U, Kieler H. Fear of childbirth in expectant fathers, subsequent childbirth experience and impact of antenatal education: Sub analysis of results from a randomized controlled trial. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2013; 92(8):967-73.
  • 24. Phunyammalee M, Buayaem T, Boriboonhirunsarn D. Fear of childbirth and associated factors among low-risk pregnant women. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2019; 39(6):763-7.
  • 25. El-Aziz SNA, Mansour SES, Hassan NF. Factors associated with fear of childbirth: It’s effect on women’s preference for elective cesarean section. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. 2017;7(1):133-46.
  • 26. Fairbrother N, Thordarson DS, Stoll K. Fine tuning fear of childbirth: The relationship between Childbirth Fear Questionnaire subscales and demographic and reproductive variables. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2018;36(1):15-29.
  • 27. Demšar K, Svetina M, Verdenik I, Tul N, Blickstein I, Velikonja VG. Tokophobia (fear of childbirth): Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Perinatal Medicine. 2018;46(2):151-4.
  • 28. Striebich S, Mattern E, Ayerle GM. Support for pregnant women identified with fear of childbirth (FOC)/tokophobia–a systematic review of approaches and interventions. Midwifery. 2018; 61: 97-115.
  • 29. Handelzalts JE, Becker G, Ahren M P, Lurie S, Raz N, Tamir Z, Sadan O. Personality, fear of childbirth and birth outcomes in nulliparous women. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics. 2015;291(5):1055-62.
  • 30. Sluijs AM, Cleiren MPHD, Scherjon SA, Wijma K. No relationship between fear of childbirth and pregnancy-/deliveryoutcome in a low-risk Dutch pregnancy cohort delivering at home or in hospital. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2012;33(3):99–105.
  • 31. Alehagen S, Wijma K, Wijma B. Fear during labour. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2001;80(4):315-20.
  • 32. Hill PD, Aldag JC, Chatterton RT. İnitiation and frequency of pumping and milk production in mothers of non-nursing preterm infants. Journal of Human Lactation 2001;17(1):9-13.
  • 33. Tatarlar A, Tokat M. Vajinal doğum sırasında yaşanan korkunun laktasyona, emme davranışlarına ve ilk emzirme sonuçlarına etkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2016;15(2):83-91.
  • 34. Chapman DJ, Perez-Escamilla R. Maternal perception of the onset of lactation is a valid, public health indicator of lactogenesis stage II. The Journal of Nutrition. 2000; 130:2972–80.
  • 35. Koç Ö, Özkan H, Bekmezci H. Evaluating the correlation between maternal role and parenting behavior. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi. 2016;6(2):143-50.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kevser Özdemir 0000-0002-4900-9095

Yasemin Başkaya 0000-0002-1533-8667

Publication Date December 15, 2021
Submission Date April 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 24 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver Özdemir K, Başkaya Y. ASSESSMENT OF EXPERIENCED FEAR OF BIRTH AND PARENTING BEHAVIOR IN EARLY POSTPARTUM PERIOD. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2021;24(4):413-9.

Journal is listed in the EBSCO CINAHL Database since 2019.

Journal of Anatolian Nursing and Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0)

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